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Exercises

1. Learn the following words and word-combinations:

gaseous environment -газове середовище

heterogeneous reaction -гетерогенна реакція

oxide film -оксидна плівка

dissolution -розчинення

heterophase alloy -гетерофазний сплав

propagate -поширюватися

the ferritic or austenitic phase -феритна або аустенітна фаза

quantitative ratio -кількісний коефіцієнт

2. Read and translate the text.

3. Answer the following questions:

  1. What kinds of corrosion do you know?

  2. What is the meaning of the word “corrosion”?

  3. What do you think about chemical corrosion?

  4. How many types of corrosion do you know?

  5. What is the most dangerous type of corrosion destruction?

4. Are the following statements about the text true of false? Why?

  1. Corrosion is a spontaneous destruction of plastic.

  2. The structural corrosion is the most dangerous type of the corrosion destruction.

  3. The formation of scale at a contact of metal with air at high temperatures may serve as the most typical example of chemical corrosion.

  4. The structural corrosion is observed in welded joints of aluminium alloys.

  5. Oxide film develops at the boundaries of grains and propagates into the bulk of metal.

5. Fill in the gaps using the following words and word-combinations:

Base metal, intercrystalline corrosion, current, chemical, electrolyte solution, thermal, uniform.

  1. The rate of electrochemical corrosion of metals depends on the nature of the …

  2. A metal affected by the … fractures even under insignificant loads.

  3. Corrosion may be … or electrochemical, …or concentrated.

  4. Electrochemical corrosion is a dissolution of metal in electrolytes with an appearance of electric …

  5. The point corrosion can develop in the … which has not been affected by the … cycle of welding.

6. Put all possible questions to the following sentences:

  1. Chemical corrosion is characterized by the formation of a chemical compound at an interaction between the metal and a corrosive environment.

  2. A thin oxide film is formed on the steel surface when steel is in contact with air.

  3. The rate of electrochemical corrosion of metals depends on the electrochemical properties of the metal.

  4. Various acids and their aqueous solutions, alkalis and their solutions can serve as electrolytes.

  5. The oxide film thickness increases as well as the temperature and duration of heating increase.

7. Complete the following sentences from the text:

  1. Corrosion is …

  2. Chemical corrosion is characterized by …

  3. Electrochemical corrosion is …

  4. The structural corrosion is observed in …

  5. Several types of corrosion are …

8. Put the following verbs in the correct form.

  1. The interchrystalline corrosion (to affect) as a rule those metals which (to have) a single-phase structure.

  2. When steel (to be) in a contact with air, a thin oxide film (to form) on the steel surface.

  3. A metal affected by the intercrystalline corrosion (to fracture) even under insignificant loads.

  4. The rate of electrochemical corrosion of metals (to depend) on the nature of the electrolyte solution.

  5. The intercrystalline corrosion (to be) the most dangerous type of the corrosion destruction.

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