- •International Law.
- •Unit 1. The main legal features of the international community
- •Introduction
- •The nature of international legal subjects
- •Traditional and new subjects
- •Vocabulary work
- •I. Find English equivalents to these word combinations
- •Complete these sentences with prepositions.
- •Match the words making pairs used in the text and use them in sentences of your own.
- •Grammar revision
- •IV. Translate these sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the underlined words.
- •Speaking
- •V. Answer the questions, using the information from the text
- •Insurgents
- •National liberation movements
- •VI. Find answers to the questions.
- •VIII. Render the text “Что понимается под субъектом международного права”into English.
- •IX. Using the diagram speak on the International Legal Subjects
- •International Law - Antonio Cassese
- •First edition 2001 - p.3-11, 46-55, 66-77
- •Unit 2. The fundamental principles governing international relations
- •Introduction
- •Immunities and other limitations on sovereignty
- •Rights and immunities of foreign states
- •General
- •New forms of intervention
- •Prohibition of the threat or use of force
- •Peaceful settlement of disputes
- •Sovereignty
- •Legal equality
- •Self-determination of peoples
- •Vocabulary work
- •Find English equivalents to these word combinations
- •Find words and expressions similar in their meaning to the following ones
- •Complete the sentences below with the words and phrases you have found in task II.
- •Complete these sentences with prepositions.
- •Use these nouns and verbs in sentences of your own, mind the stress.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of ‘subject’
- •Grammar revision
- •Translate these sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the underlined words.
- •Speaking.
- •Make up the plan of the text in the form of statements and develop it into a summary.
- •Read the text “Immunities of diplomatic agents” and answer the questions.
- •Immunities of diplomatic agents
- •What are the two classes of privileges and immunities which diplomatic agents enjoy?
- •Read the text “Immunities of consular agents” and say what activities consular agents perform and what immunities consular agents enjoy.
- •Immunities of consular agents
- •Render the text into English.
- •International Law - Antonio Cassese
- •First edition 2001 - p.86-113
- •Unit 3.
- •International lawmaking: custom and treaties traditional law
- •New trends
- •The role of usus and opinio in international humanitarian law
- •Do customary rules need, at their birth, the support of all states?
- •Treaties
- •Interpretation
- •Codification
- •The introduction of jus cogens in the 1960s the emergence of jus cogens.
- •The effects of jus cogens
- •Vocabulary work.
- •II. Match the words making pairs used in the text, and use them in sentences of your own.
- •III. Match these Latin words with their definitions.
- •IV. Match the synonyms and use them in the sentences of your own.
- •Grammar revision.
- •V. Translate the sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the underlined words.
- •Speaking
- •VI. Continue the sentences, using the phrases, given below.
- •VII. Answer the questions using the information from the text.
- •VIII. Complete diagrams a and b with the words and phrases given below. Then using these diagrams retell this part of the text “International Lawmaking.”(Custom and Treaties).
- •IX. Working in pairs make up one more diagram covering such parts of the text as “Codification” or “Jus Cogens. Other Law-Creating processes.”
- •X. Read the text and answer the questions.
- •International lawmaking: other law-creating processes (part I)
- •XI. Read the text and decide whether the statements are true or false.
- •International lawmaking: other law-creating processes (part II)
- •XII. Render the text into English.
- •International Law, Antonio Cassese
- •Unit 4. State responsibility
- •1 The current regulation of state responsibility: an overview
- •2 'Ordinary' state responsibility
- •3 'Aggravated' state responsibility
- •Vocabulary work
- •I. Give the English equivalents of the following word combinations
- •II. Match these words making pairs used in the text
- •III. Complete the sentences with prepositions
- •IV. Choose the right word
- •I. Translate into Russian the sentences
- •Decide whether the statements are true or false. Discuss the answers in groups.
- •II. Give extensive answers to the questions making use of the following expressions
- •III. Summarizing
- •IV. Render the text into English ответственность в международном праве Что понимается под международно-правовой ответственностью и когда она наступает?
- •Несут ли субъекты международного права международно-правовую ответственность за деяния своих органов и должностных лиц?
- •Unit 5. Legal attemps at narrowing the north-south gap
- •1 The action of the world community: general
- •2 The role of international economic institutions
- •Vocabulary work
- •I. Give the English equivalents of the following word combinations
- •II. Match the words making pairs used in the text
- •III. Complete the sentences with prepositions
- •IV. Choose the right word
- •I. Translate from English into Russian
- •I. Match the parts of the sentences
- •II. Give extensive answers to the questions making use of the following expressions
- •1 Multilateral co-operation for development
- •Unit 6. The implementation of international rules within national systems relationship between international and national law
- •Modalities of implementation
- •Vocabulary work
- •I. Give the English equivalents to the following word combinations
- •Match these words making pairs used in the text, use them in the sentences of your own
- •Complete the sentences with prepositions.
- •IV. Analyse the meanings of the words. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct word in each case.
- •I. The formal subject expressed by ‘it’. Translate into Russian the sentences with impersonal ‘it’.
- •II. Translate into Russian. Pay attention to the underlined word combinations.
- •I. Decide whether these statements are true or false. Discuss the answers in groups.
- •Give extensive answers to the questions making use of the following expressions.
- •III. Summarizing. Write the plan of the text in the form of statements. Develop your plan into a summary.
- •IV. Render the text into English using the active vocabulary
- •Supplementary reading the rank of international rules within domestic legal orders
- •I. Comment on the diagram. Make use of the helpful phrases.
- •Trends emerging among the legal systems of states
- •1 . Modalities of implementation
- •2 . The rank of international rules, within domestic legal orders
- •Exigencies motivating states in their choice of the
- •Incorporation system
- •Techniques of implementation
- •Treaty law
- •I. Analyse the ways of implementing rules within the frame of international public law using the given phrases. Complete the missing information on the mind map.
- •Techniques of implimentation
- •Information for reports, presentations, discussions:
1 Multilateral co-operation for development
The notion of development co-operation commonly covers all the activities undertaken by the more industrialized States to promote the economic progress of the more disadvantaged countries. When States carry out these activities within the framework of an international organization, development co-operation takes on the nature of multilateral co-operation, in contrast to the co-operation that every State, in pursuing its foreign policy goals, may undertake at the bilateral level.
At the universal level, the UN and its Specialized Agencies constitute the necessary reference point for development co-operation of a technical nature. Through the transfer of know-how, carried out in the form of donations, technical co-operation primarily aims at furthering the most efficacious use, by the beneficiary States, of their own economic resources.
In contrast, development co-operation of a financial nature is organized, at the universal level, by the organizations falling within the ambit of the World Bank, notably the International Development Agency (IDA). This class of co-operation aims at mobilizing capital so as to increase the financial resources of poor countries. Unlike technical co-operation, it is not carried out in the form of donations, but through the making of loans to backward countries on conditions more advantageous to them than those prevailing on the world market.
Recently a growing tendency has emerged towards 'bilateralization' of multilateral co-operation. By the same token, a tendency is also shaping up to 'privatize' certain aspects of multilateral co-operation by increasingly having resort to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) as well as other non-governmental entities from industrialized countries. Commentators from developing countries have argued that this growing bilateralization and privatization may gradually weaken or undermine the viability of some of the existing multilateral institutions and mechanisms, or even lead to their gradual obsolescence.
1.1 A TENTATIVE STOCKTAKING
Recently major industrialized countries have increasingly turned their attention to the needs of developing countries, particularly in Africa. Thus, since the 1988 Toronto Summit the G7 Group (now G8) has pledged to cancel, or at least significantly reduce, the foreign debt of the poorest countries. At the same time the existing international institutions are constructively helping to reduce the gap between North and South.
They are also insisting on the need for a linkage between development and other matters. In particular, they are increasingly emphasizing the need for disadvantaged countries to promote development by simultaneously ensuring and also enhancing respect for human rights and protection of the environment. In some cases assistance and co-operation have been made conditional on respect for international standards on human rights and the environment (this trend may be seen, for instance, in the action of the European Union). This is a healthy development. In particular, so far 'conditionality' has not been used as a devious instrument for seeking the imposition of Western political, economic, or cultural patterns of behaviour. Rather, most of the time it has been employed as a means of promoting community values.
Past experience has shown that the legal tools available to States for assisting backward countries may be successfully used. Law provides helpful instruments, institutions and conceptual equipment. What is often missing is the political will of powerful States—too often bent on the pursuit of short-term interests, and frequently excessively self-centred—to use those tools. This in particular applies to the policy currently pursued by industrialized States towards developing countries in the area of agriculture. Contrary to their much touted principles of free trade, the USA, European countries, and Japan protect domestic agriculture by massive farm subsidies which make products artificially cheap, as well as by high tariffs designed to shield them against the importation of foreign products.
Give extensive answers to the questions.
What are the classes of cooperation at the universal level?
What are these classes cooperation pursuing nowadays?
Where does the difference lie between them?
How has the situation changed in regard to multilateral cooperation?
What are new trends harrowing the gap between developed backward countries?
What conclusion has been drown by the world community from previous experience?
Sum up the main points presented in the texts.
Full information:
1.Antonio Cassese “International Law”, 2001. PART III. Unit 18 “LEGAL ATTEMPTS AT NARROWING THE GAP BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH”.
2.Antonio Cassese “International Law”, 2005. PART V. Unit 24 “LEGAL ATTEMPTS AT NARROWING THE GAP BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH”.