Text 6 The layout of frames the span of beams

Words and word-combinations to be remembered:

frame – рамка, каркас, основа

stanchion – стойка

to carry – нести, підтримувати

to support – підтримувати

to cantilever – виступати як консоль

to mean – означати

to weld – зварювати

to transmit – передавати

to be machined flat – площина, механічно оброблена

angle – кутик

Read and translate the text:

The layout of frames the span of beams

The single storey structure consists of three frames. These frames are made up of steel stanchions and beams. The frames are placed between end walls and spaced at 3 metre centres. The stanchions carry the beams. These beams support the roof. The roof beams cantilever a short distance beyond the stanchions. This means that they extend over the profiled sheet steel cladding. The cladding can be placed outside the line of the stanchions.

The beams are bolted to steel stanchion caps. The stanchion caps are welded to the top of each stanchion. The load on each beam is transmitted through these plates to the stanchions.

The upper face of the steel base plates and the ends of the stanchions are machined flat. The bottom of each stanchion is welded to a base plate. Each base plate is fixed to a concrete column base by two holding-down bolts.

Steel angles are fixed across the ends of the beams and built into the brick walls. These angles tie the frames together and also provide a place to fix the top of the cladding.

Exercise 1

Give the Ukrainian equivalents for the following English words and word – combinations:

the single storey structure, to be made up, extend over, the top of the stanchion, through these plates, beyond the stanchion, the upper face, the bottom of the stanchion, across the ends, to tie together, can be placed, to be transmitted, to be bolted, into the brick walls, to be fixed, between end walls, to carry the beams, a concrete column, this means.

Exercise 2

What’s the English for:

одноповерхова будівля

складається

це означає

передається через

верхня частина

вбудований в стіну

балка

через кінці балки

нижня частина

кутики скріплюють

зварювати

ззовні

бути розміщеним

підтримувати дах

Exercise 3

Answer the questions:

1. How many frames does the single-storey structure consist of?

2. What are they made of?

3. What carries the beams?

4. What supports the roof?

5. Where are the beams bolted?

6. What is transmitted through the plates to the stanchions?

7. Where are the steel angels fixed?

Exercise 4

Complete the sentences according to the text:

1. The beams are …to steel stanchion caps.

2. The stanchions … the beams.

3. … can be placed outside the line of the stanchions.

4. … on each beam is transmitted through these plates to … .

5. Each base … is fixed to a concrete column base by two holding-down … .

6. … are fixed across the ends of the beams and built into the ….