10) The Miranda Warning

1)

1. F Ernesto Miranda was arrested at his home and taken into custody to the police station, where he was identified by a witness as the man who had kidnapped and raped a woman.

2. F Police officers took Mr. Miranda into an interrogation room and two hours later emerged with a written confession signed by Mr. Miranda that also stated that the confession was made voluntarily and with full knowledge of his legal rights.

3. T

2)

1. … he was identified by a witness as the man who had kidnapped and raped a woman.

2. The United States Supreme Court ruled that the confession could not be used as evidence of Mr. Miranda's guilt because he was not fully advised on his legal rights…

3)

1. confession is a formal statement admitting that one is guilty of a crime

2. interrogation is the act of questioning someone.

3. evidence of guilt is arguments or proofs that a person is guilty in committing a crime

4. take into custody is to detain or to arrest

5. court ruled – court stated/made/passed a decision

11) Roman Polanski 'in fighting mood'

1)

1. F The victim at the centre of the case, Samantha Geimer, has previously asked for the charges to be dropped.

2. T The director has asked a US appeals court in California to overturn a judge's refusal to throw out his case. He claimed misconduct by the judge, now deceased, who had arranged a plea bargain and then reneged on it.

3. T A petition has been signed by film-makers

2)

1. She has already sued Mr Polanski and reached an undisclosed settlement.

2. He pleaded guilty at the time but then fled abroad.

3. Swiss precedent shows that the subjects of extradition requests are normally kept in detention.

3)

1. plea bargain is an agreement that, if an accused person says they are guilty, they will be charged with a less serious crime or will receive a less severe punishment.

2. extradition request is a demand or requirement to sent into another state or government.

3. detention is when someone is arrested or put into prison, especially for political reasons.

4. Bail is a sum of money that an arrested person or someone else puts forward as a guarantee that the arrested person will attend their trial in a law court./ is permission for an arrested person to be released after bail has been paid.

12) Scales of justice out of balance

1)

1. T

2. T

3. T

2)

1. The ACA's decision at least has the virtue of being consistent with a long string of family-law cases in Canada which interpret the supposed "mutuality of rights and obligations" arising from these relationships so as to presumptively assign all of the rights to the mothers and all of the obligations to the fathers. One can only hope the Supreme Court will settle this imbalance.

2. This reasoning has been endorsed by no less an authority than the Supreme Court.

3)

1. Remuneration is money paid for work or a service.

2. guardian is someone who has been legally appointed to look after the affairs of another person, for example a child or someone who is mentally ill.

3. Entitlement to something is the right to have it or do it.

4. validity of agreement is legality of the treaty or contract

5. be endorsed is to be approved, to be confirmed, to be ratified