1. Ознакомиться с активной лексикой и тренировать ее

2. Тренировать грамматические модели

3. Тренировка навыков аналитического и информативного чтения, перевода, устного высказывания

Материал для изучения:

Куликова, 2003

Wikipedia, about.com

Аудиокурс по учебнику Headway Pre-Intermediate

Этапы занятия:

1. Фонетическая и речевая разминка и аудирование:

Аудиокурс, Unit IX

а) упраженния на правила чтения 1-2, стр.146-147

б) беседа по Pre-listening task

в) аудиотекст: Т.26

г) проверка понимания: Comprehension check

2. Аналитическое чтение:

Text Palliative care, Part I, Wikipedia.com

Text Palliative care, Part II, Wikipedia.com

1. Read the text using the vocabulary and express the main idea of the text in Russian:

addiction – склонность, привыкание, зависимость

alleviate – облегчать, ослаблять, уменьшать

appropriate – соответствующий, подходящий

chaplain – капеллан, священник

cloak – покрывать, скрывать, замаскировать

confusion – путаница, смешение

conjunction – соединение, сочетание

cure – излечение, устранение, исцеление

dedicate – посвящать, предназначить

delay – задержка, отсрочка, препятствие

distinction – разница, отличие

elsewhere – где-либо, в другом месте

extended – длительный, обширный

gear – приводить в движение, соединять, зацепляться

halt – остановка, препятствие

hazardous – рискованный, опасный, вредный

heart failure – сердечная недостаточность

nausea – тошнота

nutritionist – диетолог

operative – действительный

pain management – устранение боли, лечение боли

recover – выздоравливать, приходить в себя

side effect – побочное действие

spiritual – духовный, умственный

striving – стремление, старание

sustain – подкреплять, поддержать

with regard to – принимаю во внимание, по отношению к

Palliative care

Part I

Palliative care (from Latin palliare, to cloak) is any form of medical care or treatment that concentrates on reducing the severity of disease symptoms, rather than striving to halt, delay, or reverse progression of the disease itself or provide a cure. The goal is to prevent and relieve suffering and to improve quality of life for people facing serious, complex illness. Non-hospice palliative care is not dependent on prognosis and is offered in conjunction with curative and all other appropriate forms of medical treatment.

In the United States, a distinction is made between general palliative care and hospice care, which delivers palliative care to those at the end of life; the two aspects of care share a similar philosophy but differ in their payment systems and location of services. Elsewhere, for example in the United Kingdom, this distinction is not operative: in addition to specialized hospices, non-hospice-based palliative care teams provide care to those with life-limiting illness at any stage of disease.

The term "palliative care" generally refers to any care that alleviates symptoms, whether or not there is hope of a cure by other means; thus, a recent WHO statement calls palliative care "an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness." Palliative treatments may also be used to alleviate the side effects of curative treatments, such as relieving the nausea associated with chemotherapy.

The term "palliative care" is increasingly used with regard to diseases other than cancer such as chronic, progressive pulmonary disorders, renal disease, chronic heart failure, HIV/AIDS, and progressive neurological conditions. In addition, the rapidly growing field of pediatric palliative care has clearly shown the need for services geared specifically for children with serious illness.

Although the concept of palliative care is not new, most physicians have traditionally concentrated on trying to cure patients. Treatments for the alleviation of symptoms were viewed as hazardous and seen as inviting addiction and other unwanted side effects.

The focus on a patient's quality of life has increased greatly during the past twenty years. In the United States today, 55% of hospitals with more than 100 beds offer a palliative-care program, and nearly one-fifth of community hospitals have palliative-care programs. A relatively recent development is the concept of a dedicated health care team that is entirely geared toward palliative treatment: a palliative-care team.

Part II

There is often confusion between the terms hospice and palliative care. In the United States, hospice services and palliative care programs share similar goals of providing symptom relief and pain management. Non-hospice palliative care is appropriate for anyone with a serious, complex illness, whether they are expected to recover fully, to live with chronic illness for an extended time, or to experience disease progression. In contrast, although hospice care is also palliative, the term hospice applies to care administered towards the end of life.

While palliative care may seem to offer an incredibly broad range of services, the goals of palliative treatment are extremely concrete: relief from suffering, treatment of pain and other distressing symptoms, psychological and spiritual care, a support system to help the individual live as actively as possible, and a support system to sustain and rehabilitate the individual's family.

Usually a team of experts, including palliative care doctors, nurses and social workers, provides this type of care. Chaplains, massage therapists, pharmacists, nutritionists and others might also be part of the team. Typically, you get non-hospice palliative care in the hospital through a palliative care program. Working in partnership with your primary doctor, the palliative care team provides:

• Expert treatment of pain and other symptoms

• Close, clear communication

• Help navigating the healthcare system

• Guidance with difficult and complex treatment choices

• Detailed practical information and assistance

• Emotional and spiritual support for you and your family