Времена английского глагола Времена группы Indefinite / Simple
Present |
Past |
Future |
|
I we you they he, she, it |
work go
works, goes |
worked went |
shall/will work, go
will work, go |
|
always ,today, usually, seldom, every day (week, year, month), often |
yesterday, last, ago, in(в), the other day |
tomorrow, next, in (через) |
Времена группы Continuous/ Progressive
to be + Participle I |
||
Present |
Past |
Future |
They are discussing a new plan now. |
They were discussing a new plan when we came. |
They will be discussing a new plan tomorrow at 5 o’clock. |
now, at this moment, from …to (till)
|
at that moment, …. when he came |
at, from …to (till) |
Времена группы Perfect
to have + Participle II |
||
Present |
Past |
Future |
He has received a letter.
|
He had received a letter by yesterday evening.
|
He will have received a letter by tomorrow evening. |
ever, never, just, already, yet |
by |
by |
Времена группы Perfect Continuous/ Progressive
to have + been + Participle I |
||
Present |
Past |
Future |
He has been doing his lessons since 2 o’clock.
|
They had been working for an hour and a half by 2 o’clock yesterday .
|
He will have been reading a book for 2 hours by 5 o’clock tommorow. |
since, for |
since, for |
since, for |
Времена группы Passive
to be + Participle II |
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|
Indefinite |
Continuous |
Perfect |
|
to be + Participle II |
to be + being + Participle I |
to have + been + Participle II |
Present |
The letter is written / translated. |
A new plan is being discussed now. |
The letter has been received. |
Past |
The letter was written / translated. |
A new plan was being discussed when he came. |
The letter had been received by yesterday evening. |
Future |
The letter will be written / translated. |
Не употребляется |
The letter will have been received by tomorrow evening. |
Инфинитив
-
Функции инфинитива
функция
пример
перевод
подлежащее
To prove this law experimentally is very difficult.
Доказать этот закон экспериментально очень трудно.
часть сказуемого
Your work is to observe the rise of temperature.
Ваша работа заключается в том, чтобы наблюдать за повышением температуры.
дополнение
The professor asked the students to define the unit of resistance more accurately.
Профессор попросил студента определить единицу сопротивления более точно.
обстоятельство цели
To give the necessary output the plant needed new technique.
Чтобы дать необхо-димый выпуск продукции, заводу нужно было перейти на новую технологию.
обстоятельство следствия
The crystal units had rearranged to produce a pseudomorphic form.
Элементарные ячейки кристалла перегруппировались, приобретя псевдоморфную форму.
определение
The material to be used has been carefully examined.
Вещество, которое будет применяться, тщательно исследовано.