Words and word combinations

to look through smth	— просматривать
staff	— штат служащих
paperwork	— канцелярская работа
ambassador	— посол
judge	— судья
bishop	— епископ
Private Secretary	— личный секретарь
engagement	— мероприятие
invitation	— приглашение
although	— хотя
unfortunately	— к сожалению
heir to the throne	— наследник трона
to get smudged by	— критиковать
property is worth	— собственность стоимостью
savings	— сбережения
to earn	— зарабатывать
per annum	— ежегодно
percentage	— процент
valuable papers	— ценные бумаги
leased land	— арендованная земля
wealth	— богатствo
weakness	— слабость
hairbrush	— расческа
pure gold	— чистое золото
to prefer	— предпочитать
long-winded speech	— длинная, бессодержательная речь
spare time	— свободное время
horse races	— скачки
to enjoy	— нравиться, наслаждаться
ambivalent	— противоречивый
attitude	— отношение
to maintain	— обслуживать, поддерживать

Exercises

Ex. 1. What are the English equivalents for (see the text):

работа, народ, штат служащих, ежедневно, ходить, общественное мероприятие, получать приглашение, свободное время, фотографировать, личная собственность, немного больше, иметь всё, вплоть до, мириться с чем-либо, с трудом, минута в минуту, приносить радость, банковские проценты, ценные бумаги, позволять себе что-либо

Ex. 2 Complete these sentences using the words and word combinations given in the brackets:

1. In the afternoon Elizabeth II often (to go out on public engagements).

2. Elizabeth II gets up early and (to begin the by looking through the newspapers).

3. Her Majesty (to have to work from early in the morning until late at night).

4. Of course, she (to have some free time).

5. She also enjoys photography and likes (to take photos on her travels).

6. The Queen can (to permit herself different things).

7. Her personal secretary (to inform the Queen about documents every morning).

Ex. 3. Say in what situations these words and word combinations are used in the text:

to get up, to look through the newspapers, daily meetings, public engagements, ambassadors, judges, thousands of invitations, free time, wealth, personal property, bank percentages, bacon, 4 children, to enjoy, official visits.

Ex. 4. Give an extensive answer to the following question: Why is being Queen a really busy job?

Ex. 5. Put a general and special questions to the following sentences:

1. Elizabeth II gets up early.

1. She reads letters from the public and tells her stuff how she would like them to be answered.

2. She gets more than 1000 letters each week.

3. The Queen has daily meetings with her Private Secretary.

4. He helps her to go through her paperwork.

5. Charles, Andrew, Edward and Anne are the Queen's children.

6. The Queen's personal property is worth 14 billion dollars.

7. She can allow herself a little weakness.

2. There is the ambivalent attitude of the Brits themselves towards their monarch..

3. The British people think that spending 172 thousand pounds per annum on maintaining the monarchy is perhaps a little expensive.

LESSON 4

ICE CREAM

Ice cream is an American tradition. George Washington spent $200 on ice cream during the summer of 1790. Thomas Jefferson brought a recipe for ice cream, made with egg yolks and an exotic spice called vanilla, back from France, and First Lady Dolley Madison served it often at the White House.

In 1846 a woman named Nancy Johnson invented - but didn't patent- an ice cream Freezer that made the making of ice cream at home practical, if not easy. A lot of ice, salt, and arduous hand cranking were required, plus a fair amount of patience while waiting for the ice cream to harden. Store-bought ice cream became available soon after. The treat was made even more convenient when it was first served in cones at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair.

Vanilla, chocolate, and strawberry were the original options offered. Howard Johnson's upped the ante by advertising 28 flavors. Baskin-Robbins makes hundreds of flavors and has tried many others. Whatever their favorite flavor, Americans eat about 141/2 quarts of ice cream a year.