- •The Participle
- •1. Form Participle I from the verbs.
- •2. Form participles I and II from the following verbs.
- •3. Use the word in brackets in the form of participle I or II.
- •4. Find the participle in the sentences. Translate the sentences:
- •5. Make one sentence from two using a participle:
- •6. Complete the sentences using one of the following verbs in the correct form:
- •7. Open the brackets using participles:
- •8. Use participle I or II instead the words in brackets.
- •8. Change the sentences using participial constructions.
- •9. Translate the sentences into English using participles and participial constructions.
- •10. Underline participial constructions and translate the sentences.
- •The Gerund
- •1. Underline Participle I with one line and Gerund with two lines.
- •2. Find gerunds in the sentences. Translate the sentences.
- •3. Replace the verbs in brackets by gerunds. Translate the sentences.
- •4. Complete the sentences using gerunds.
- •5. Replace the relative clauses by gerundial construction using the words in brackets.
- •The Infinitive
- •1. Put particle “to” before the Infinitive is necessary.
- •2. Open the brackets using the right form of the Infinitive.
- •3. Translate into English using the right form of the Infinitive.
- •4. Change sentences using Infinitive constructions instead of the parts in italic.
- •5. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Active Infinitive and Passive Infinitive.
- •6. Translate sentences paying attention to the Complex Subject.
- •7. Change the sentences using Complex Subject:
- •8. Translate into English using Complex Subject:
- •9. Translate the sentences paying attention to the usage of Infinitives and Infinitive Constructions.
- •10. Translate into English using Infinitive constructions.
- •Complex object
- •1. Underline Complex Object and translate the sentences.
- •2. Open the brackets using Complex Object.
- •3. Translate the sentences using complex object.
- •4. Convert complex sentences into simple using Complex Object.
- •5. Finish sentences using Complex Object.
- •3. Translate into English using Complex Object.
10. Underline participial constructions and translate the sentences.
a)
1. Packets travel independently, weaving their way along with innumerable other packets traveling to different destinations. 2. Thomas Edison improved the lamp having used a carbon filament. 3. While experimenting, the scientist found out that a free wire being connected to the receiver, the range of the latter increased. 4. All these successful experiments having been completed, serious practical testing began. 5. The switch being closed, the current in the circuit will increase, in a few millionths of a second. 6. The circuit being opened, the current will not stop instantly. 7. Words spoken by chance had touched some secret chord that had never been touched before, but that he felt was now vibrating. 8. The current having become constant, most of the current flows through the coils and the lamp becomes dim. 9. The switch being opened, the flux through the coils will decrease rapidly. 10. With technology constantly changing, new variables are added to this equation of global warming. 11. As the packets arrive, TCP takes over again, identifying each packet and checking to see if it is intact. 12. The mass of electrons being smaller, it reaches the higher velocities necessary for evaporation at low temperatures than does the heavier atom. 13. The probability of the entire program having been written completely in the manner intended is unlikely. 14. The temperature becoming high enough for the atoms to evaporate, the material or solid that they compose rapidly disintegrates. 15. All these successful experiments having been completed, serious practical testing began. 16. Nearly all the information being sent over the Internet is transmitted without any form of encoding.
b)
1. Working both as a scientist and a teacher, he always carried on some practical work, solving many practical problems such as the introduction of electricity into the Navy and others. 2. After many experiments carried out together with his assistant Ribkin the device Popov constructed began receiving electromagnetic waves at a long distance. 3. The receiver recorded waves generated by lightning discharges. 4. While experimenting, the scientist found out that a free wire being connected to the receiver, the range of the latter increased. 5. In summer 1897, Popov successfully carried out experiments at sea, having succeeded in effecting radio communication between the shore and the sea. 6. Having summarized the results of his experiments, Popov expressed his hope that the device, after being perfected, would make possible transmitting signals at a distance by means of rapid electrical oscillations.
UnitX
The Gerund
1. Underline Participle I with one line and Gerund with two lines.
1. When studying at the university he learnt English well. 2. The discussing of this film was very interesting for us. 3. Being very hungry we decided to go to the restaurant. 4. Go on with your writing a letter. 5. The discussing of this film was very interesting for us. 6. My brother likes playing football. 7. Moving along the street he saw nothing. 8. Painting is an art. 9. The boy playing football is my friend. 10. Reading is her favourite occupation. 11. Everybody looked at the dancing girl. I think of going to the south in the autumn. 12. All the people living in this house are students. 13. The apparatus standing on the table is quite new. 14. Swimming is a good exercise. 15. Thank you for coming. 16. My shoes need repairing. 17. On receiving the answer of the firm we handed all the documents to our legal adviser. 18. People taking books from the library must return them in time. 19. I was surprised at hearing this. 20. He intends staying there a few more days. 21. This makes sending the message faster.