- •Part 1. Near miss reports
- •Case study - 1. Pilot Ladder Insecure
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if the following statements are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.
- •3. Give synonyms to the given words. You may use more than one.
- •Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).
- •Case study-2. Very Near Miss
- •Answer the questions.
- •Choose the factors which could become a reason of possible disaster and discuss them.
- •3. Decide whether these statements are true or false. Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex). Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 3. Irresponsible Actions (near collision)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Choose the factors which could become the reasons of possible collision between Panamax box ship and the inbound vessel.
- •3. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Divide the following actions between inbound and outbound vessels. Analyze the situation as if you were a harbor pilot. Make a short report
- •4. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Explain the following expressions.
- •3. Correct the mistakes.
- •Put the words in the correct order.
- •Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 5. Unsafe Speed in Congested Area
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decipher the following abbreviations.
- •3. Find the appropriate words from the text which correspond to the following definitions.
- •4. Decide if these statements are true or false. Correct the wrong ones.
- •5. Complete the following table on non-compliance with colreGs.
- •6. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 6. Taking Avoiding Action too late (near collision)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these statements are true or false. Correct the wrong ones.
- •3. In the text, find the equivalents to the following expressions.
- •4. Decide which statements are referred to incident № 1 and which - to incident № 2.
- •5. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 7. Man Overboard
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Match the synonyms.
- •3. Explain the meaning of the following words and expressions.
- •4. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f)? Correct the wrong ones.
- •5. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex). Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 8. Lifeboat Lowered Unintentionally
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these statements are true or false? Correct the false ones.
- •3. Explain the following terms.
- •4. Match words from column a with antonyms from column b.
- •5. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 9. Near Collision in Anchorage
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these sentences are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.
- •3. Explain the following terms.
- •4. Match words from column a with their synonyms from column b.
- •5. Complete a near accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -10. Man overboard due to improper repair to pilot ladder
- •Answer the questions.
- •2. Define the purpose of the following aids.
- •Discuss with your partnet. Which of the factors could have led to fatality?
- •5. Complete a near accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 11. ColreGs Violation (Rule 9)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. In the text, find synonyms to the following words.
- •3. Find antonyms in the text to the following words.
- •4. Match the words in column a and the words in column b.
- •5. Decide if these statements are true or false? Correct the false ones.
- •6. Make up questions to the parts of the sentence in bold.
- •7. Complete a near miss report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -12. ColreGs Violation (Rule 10)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Find synonyms in the text to the following words.
- •3. Find antonyms in the text to the following words.
- •4. Match the words in column a and the words in column b.
- •5. Decide if these statements are True or False. Correct the false ones.
- •6. Make up questions to the part of the sentence in bold.
- •7. Complete a near miss report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -13. ColreGs violation in crossing situation
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if the following statements are True or False. Correct the false ones.
- •3. Complete a near miss report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Part 2 cargo related incidents Cargo Damage, Loss or Shortage
- •Case study Case study - 1: Wetting of Logs (Cargo Damage)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •3. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f).Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Choose the factors which could affect the stowage factor and stability condition of the tween-decker cargo ship.
- •5. Make up a cargo claim on behalf of consignee or a Sea Protest on behalf of the Master.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -2: Hazards of under-declared cargo weights in containers
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •3. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Decipher the following abbreviations: ukc, sms
- •5. Choose the factors which could become reasons of danger of the vessel’s grounding in the channel.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 3. Containers Overboard
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the function of the documents.
- •3. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Find synonyms for the following expressions in the text.
- •5. Compose a letter of protest on behalf of the Master on 6 containers missing while on route.Explain the cause.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 4. Damage to Cargo in Severe Weather
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Decipher the abbreviations and comment on them.
- •4. Match expressions in column a with their definitions in column b.
- •5. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •6. Compose a sea protest on behalf of the Master.
- •7. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Vessel related incidents
- •1. Collision: Striking or being Struck by another Vessel regardless of whether Underway, Anchored or Moored
- •Case study - 1. Collision near Pilot Station
- •2. Area of high traffic density;
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these sentences are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •Case study -2. Collision during Berthing
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these statements are True or False? Correct the false ones.
- •3. Make up questions to get the following answers.
- •4. Complete the chart. Tick the person who is in charge of the collision during berthing.
- •Case study - 3. Collision in Congested Waters
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Decide if the following statements are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Explain the following terms
- •5. Complete the following table on non-compliance with colreGs.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -1. Contact with Gantry Crane
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Explain the following terms.
- •4. Decide if the following statements are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.
- •5. Find in the text the pilot’s commands to the vessel and the tug.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 2. Contact with Berth during Strong Flood Tide
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Make up questions to parts of the sentence in bold.
- •4. Explain the following terms.
- •5. Decide if the following statements are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.
- •Case study - 1. Non-contact damage
- •Answer the questions.
- •Explain the following terms.
- •4. Grounding, Stranding and Foundering;
- •Case study -1. Grounding
- •Answer the questions.
- •Give English equivalents to the following definitions.
- •3. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 2. Stranding. Master under Pressure to Enter Port.
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •3. Decide if these statements are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •5. Hull and Machinery – danger or failure of ship and/or its own equipment
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Translate the expressions from English into Russian.
- •3. Say the dates, times and prices from the text. What do they refer to?
- •4. Put in the words from the box to describe the incident with the vessel.
- •5. What is hull and machinery insurance about? Put the sentences in the correct order of events from the text. The first event is given. Translate the sentences orally.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •6. Fire. Explosion This type of incidents involves machinery spaces or the living accommodation and the cargo being carried.
- •Case study - 1. Premature Reopening of Fire Area Causes Re-ignition
- •Case study - 2. Bagged Copra Fire
- •Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •Case study - 3. Collision and Explosion Kills Nine
- •1. Answer the questions on the text.
- •Choose between two vessels – a and b – to state what actions each of them performed.
- •Which of the officers below did the following actions?
- •4. Analyze the situation given in the text and state your arguments due to the following points:
- •5. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Part 4 people related incidents
- •Case study – 1. Mooring accident
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Explain the following terms.
- •4. Complete an accident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study – 2. Series of mis-steps end in the sea
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •3. Decide whether the statements are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Complete the following statements.
- •5. Find in the text all life saving appliances. Name them, describe their function
- •6. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study – 3. Darkened workplace and an unprotected hazard to fatality
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide whether the statements are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.
- •3. Match the words from column a with the appropriate words from column b to form the collocations and use them in sentences of your own.
- •4. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 4. Work aloft without precautions proves fatal
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Match the words from column a with the appropriate words from column b to form the collocations and use them in sentences of your own.
- •3. Comment on the following factors which could cause the accident:
- •4. Complete an accident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study - 5. Crew Injured by Pilot Ladder
- •1. Answer the questions
- •2. Match the following terms from the text with their definitions
- •3. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 6. Fatality inside chemical cargo tank
- •1. Answer the questions
- •3. Choose the factors which could become a reason of an accident and discuss them.
- •4. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 7. Stowaways
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •Give synonyms to the following expressions.
- •Give the antonyms to these expressions and use them in the sentences of your own.
- •5. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Part 5 environment related incidents
- •Case study - 1. Oil Spill during bunkering
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Match the words from column a with the appropriate words from column b to form the collocations and use them in sentences of your own.
- •3. Complete the table. Mind the grammar. Do and don’t to prevent oil spill.
- •4. Complete an incident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study – 2. Paint Pollution (harmful substances carried by sea in packaged form)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •3. Decipher the following abbreviations.
- •4. Choose the reasons of the pollution incident.
- •5. Complete an incident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study – 3.
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Read the text and find a word or phrase in the text which means the following.
- •4.. Complete an incident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study–4. Garbage
- •2. Explain the expressions in bold using English equivalents.
- •4. Read the text and find a word or phrase in the text which means.
- •5.Complete an incident report (see annex) including the following items.
1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
The master had a briefing with the pilot before proceeding to the allocated quay. Present on the bridge was the master, chief officer and pilot. Suddenly the vessel lost all power. The engines came back on before any incident occurred, but the bow thruster did not. The vessel was approaching the quay to berth starboard side alongside. It was winter and there was some ice floating by the berth, which was about 25-30 cm thick. There was no wind and visibility was good. One tug was assisting at the bow with a 30m-long wire hawser attached. It was dawn and the berth was unlit. An orange light suppose to be lit by the port but was never switched on. A gantry crane was positioned in the middle of the quay. The pilot’s intention was to berth behind it. He had the conn and the master was monitoring. Because of the ice, the pilot decided to approach with a little more speed than usual and a larger angle than normal, which was about 40°. The tug was pulling the vessel towards the quay. The vessel had a speed of about 3 knots. The pilot was not monitoring the speed because there were no instruments on the bridge wing. He trusted his own experience. The master said he was concerned that the speed was too fast. The pilot did not communicate in English with the tug and the master had difficulties understanding what was happening. When the vessel was about 25 m from the berth, the port anchor was dropped and the helm ordered hard to port. A minute later full astern was ordered by the pilot but the CPP (controlled pitch propeller) responded very slowly. The pilot stated that he had no opportunity of watching the rudder indicator or the engine’s revs and the vessel kept moving ahead, with a tendency to starboard. The pilot advised the master to work the engine full astern and told the tug to position itself on the portside and to pull firmly to port. The master ordered the rudder to mid-ship and once again voiced his concern about the excess speed. It was too late and the vessel made contact with the gantry crane. After the accident the vessel was boarded by Port State Control (PSC) inspectors, who issued a number of non-conformities. These were cleared during an internal audit by the company in the given time span. The master stated that he didn’t fully understand the pilot’s commands to the tug or thought them to be wrong. He also believed the cause of the accident was the ice situation and that the pilot wanted to approach the quay faster and at a steeper angle to move the ice away, which he was not happy about. The tug was also ordered to pull the bow to port too late. The master did not relieve the pilot. The pilot stated that he believed the causes of the accident were the low water table at the given draft, the quay being unprepared, the ice unbroken, the crane in the middle and circumstances resulting in the ship’s bow drifting to starboard. Even having these concerns he still proceeded. The company’s internal conclusion was the lack of communication between the pilot and the tug and that the master should have relieved the pilot at an early stage. Regarding the power failure, the machinery was tested by both PSC inspectors and class inspectors and was found to be working satisfactorily. The chief officer who was on the bridge did not inform the master and pilot about the speed and other critical information. The master did voice his concern about the speed but did not act on it and was assertive enough towards the pilot. The master had difficulty understanding the pilot as he was communicating in Polish with the tugboat. The pilot should have explained the orders he was giving to the tug in English and if not the master should have requested this. It is essential that all bridge team members have clearly defined roles. This could be addressed with defined bridge team roles and closed loop communication.
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WHAT? Contact with Gantry Crane
1 WHY? The assisting tug was positioned wrongly and the pilot used excessive speed and angle
2 WHY? The pilot berthed without having full control of the situation or communicating his intentions to the master
3 WHY? There was no proper pilot brief which addressed the risks of the berthing operation
4 WHY? The master was not assertive and did not request the pilot to explain his actions
5 WHY? Poor MRM (Maritime Resourse Management) as there is a clear communication breakdown, as well as the company’s arrival and pilotage procedures were ntot extensive enough
Consequences: the vessel needed extensive repairs, which could only be carried out in a dry dock. Fortunately there was no extensive damage to the gantry crane. There were further losses of earnings for both the port and vessel because of the required repairs.
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