4.5 Language practice

1

Small talk

A

A multistep, multidirectional process in which messages are disseminated to a broad, and sometimes undifferentiated, audience through complex networks of active transmitters.

2

Upward communication

B

The formal configuration between individuals and groups with respect to the allocation of tasks, responsibilities, and authorities within organizations.

3

Quality circle

C

The transmission of messages without the use of words (e.g., by gestures, the use of space).

4

Public relations

D

Casual conversation that is often impersonal and superficial, including greetings, comments about the weather, newsworthy events, or trivia.

5

Perception

E

An organization's informal channels of communication, based mainly on friendship or acquaintance.

6

Organizational culture

F

The channels of mass communication.

7

Organizational structure

G

A volunteer group composed of workers , usually under the leadership of their supervisor, who are trained to identify, analyze and solve work-related problems and present their solutions to management in order to improve the performance of the organization, and motivate and enrich the work of employees.

8

Public opinion

H

The process by which an organism assimilates, interprets, and uses sensory data.

9

Opinion

I

A management function that helps define an organization's philosophy and direction by maintaining communication within a firm and with outside forces and by monitoring and helping a firm adapt to significant public opinion.

10

Message

J

Communication from lower members of the organizational hierarchy (subordinates) to members higher in the organization (i.e., managers, vice-presidents).

11

Mass media

K

The verbal or nonverbal expression of an attitude.

12

Interaction

L

A cognitive framework consisting of attitudes, values, behavioral norms, and expectations shared by organization members.

13

Grapevine

M

Attitudinal measure of the image a public holds concerning some person, object, or concept.

14

Public communication

N

Exchange of communication in which communicators take turns sending and receiving messages.

15

Non-verbal communication

O

A stimulus to which meanings are attributed in communication.