I. Match words with their definition:

1. Magnetic core A. The general-purpose processor-chip.

2. Silicon B. Electronic tube about the size of light bulb.

3. Vacuum tube C. Nonmetallic crystalline substance.

4. Microprocessor D. Form of primary storage.

5. Reliability E. Heavy and awkward to carry, wear, etc.

6. Cumbersome F. The quality of been trusted; dependable.

II. Identify whether the following statements are true or false. Use the model:

1) Student a: In the first generation, vacuum tubes were used as the internal computer components. – Student b: Yes, that is right.

2) S. A: Transistors had only one advantage – they consumed less energy. – S. B: No, that is false, because they not only consumed less energy, but they also needed no warm-up time and were faster and more reliable.

1. Large computers disappeared just because small computers entered the market.

2. Magnetic core was the secondary form of primary storage technology.

3. In 1957 magnetic disk was introduced as a faster, more compact method of storing data.

4. In the third generation the use of magnetism for data storage was pioneered.

5. The first language to receive widespread acceptance was FORTRAN.

6. The chips had four desirable characteristics: reliability, compactness, low cost, low power use.

7. Turning over control of the computer to the OS made possible models of operation that would have been impossible with manual control.

8. The early generation of computers were used primarily for business data processing applications.

III. Convert sentences from Active Voice into Passive Voice.

1. Higher-level languages allowed programmers to give more attention to solving problems.

2. Assembly language made programming less cumbersome.

3. Texas Instruments and Fairchild Semiconductor announced in 1959 that they had each independently produced chips containing several complete electronic circuits.

4. Scientists all over the world associated Japan with chip technology.

5. In 1962 the developers marketed the first removable disc pack.

IV. Continue the following sentences using words and expressions given below.

1. In addition all tubes had to be working … , they were subject to … … .

2. Programming with numbers alone made using the computer … … .

3. For primary storage, magnetic core was the… … of technology used.

4. In 1957 magnetic tape was introduced as a faster, … … … of storing data.

5. After the development of the symbolic languages came … … .

6. An integrated circuit is a complete electronic on a … … … .

7. A cylinder of silicon is sliced into wafers, each about … … …, and wafer is “etched” repeatedly with a pattern of electrical circuitry.

8. The fourth generation was, in fact, an … of third-generation technology.

extension , higher-level languages, difficult and time-consuming, 3inches in diameter,

principal form small chip of silicon more compact method simultaneously frequent burnout