Некоторые правила чтения английских coгласных

Буква/ Letter	Звук / Sound	Положение в слове / Position in a word	Примеры / Examples
c c	[s] [k]	Перед e,i,y Перед a,o,u / перед согласной	Cent Cycle Recipe Cap Cat cut cycle
g g	[dg] [g]	Перед e,i,y Перед a,o,u / перед согласной	Gentle Gun gossip great
gg	[g]	Всегда	Egg biggest
j	[dg]	Всегда	Jar Just Jet
Th Th	[Ə] [Ө]		These That This The Thick Thin Think
Ch tch	[tʃ]		Teacher children
ch	[k]	В некоторых словах, главным образом греческого происхождения	School Technique Scheme chemistry
sh	[ʃ]		She shower
ph	[f]		Phone phrase
kn	[n]	В начале слова	Knife Know Knowledge
w	[r]	В начале слова перед r	write
wh	[w]	В начале слова, кроме перед o	While When What Но: Who [hu:] Whole [həul] Whose [hu:z]
ng	[ŋ]	На конце или в середине слова	Singing during
ng	[ŋg]	Перед l, r, w	Angry
nk	[ŋk]		Think Drink
x	[ks] [gz]	На конце слова Между гласными	Text exam
wor	[wə:]		Work Word World Worse
Q / q	[kw]		Question Quite Quiet
gh	[ - ]	Не читается	Night High

Rules of Reading of Endings

Правила чтения окончаний

Буква/ Letter	Звук / Sound	Положение в слове / Position in a word	Примеры / Examples
-ture	[tʃə]		Nature Picture Rupture But: Mature [mə tju:ə]
-sure	[zə]		Pleasure Measure Treasure But: Sure [ʃu: ə]
-sion	[zn]		Television Conclusion
-tion	[ʃn]		Constitution Revolution
-y	[i]	На конце многосложного слова	Country Foggy

PART II

Practices

Transcription Exercises

at hat land lamp can hand carry	bed send bend merry well sell neck	on con hot pot foggy lorry horrible	lift lynx dinner gym gypsum mirror this	cut just Sunday hurry hurricane gun ruffle	made main rain Ada way say baker	me be bee meat meet Peter Steve
so note road know shoulder show load	time prime like sky mine type fly	mute blue rule duty future June during	bar barber garden farm farmer heart park	her firm term perfect prefer bird first	or horse story more short orphan door	look hook moon book took sure mature
burst cur fur turner turn burn	fare dare Mary stare fair bear bare	here dear near deer beer hear fear	fire tired hire	bath ask father class dance France last	all wall talk chalk salt also baldly	change angel bathe waste table Mable pastry
was want what where when who whose whole	quality question quantity equal earthquake squash	war warm quarter word world work well wish	head bread sweater breath health wealth breakfast heavy	to breathe read leader dream	learn earn heard learner earth early	great break steak
measure treasure pleasure pleasant	among another other mother brother comfortable Monday month nothing money monkey love	become above does country colour come cover discover done dozen glove some	lose improve move shoe school through who whose to too do woman	copy none shone though	climb wind ninth	yard yes yellow yield your you yacht [jot] beyond
push pull bushes bull full bullet	butcher cushion pudding pulpit pussy put truth	quick quite quiet quarter language linguistics	busy business bury study sugar sure	village captain palace Sunday soda cinema dollar doctor about	murmur minus survive difficult nature thankful institute include injure	million brilliant brilliance onion rebellious opinion champion potato tomato veto
hot huge behind house hour Michel hook	pen map apartment plan plate supper uphold	right try car merry marriage rural better and better for hours for Ann	went twenty two war which what twist why work world	cat block clock bacon circus fact	cent cycle ice scent society science scientific scene scheme school ice-cream	special actually ancient suspicious sociable socialism
asked passed washed hoped played watched wanted digged	got gun get bag gallery begin angry eagle	gentle gym dangerous German large huge giant gypsum	finger forget gift giggle girl tiger together goose / geese	lynx anxious anxiety luxurious luxury exam examination exactly exist exhibit exclaim exercise box except	pens rings beds rooms	books cats maps us bus famous
pension mission fissure constitution nation mention patient partial	illusion comparison basin	zinc zipper memorize bronze zigzag drizzle azure seizure	author thick thin think bath method smooth through	the this these those southern either neither father	country double trouble cousin courage encourage touch young	course four journey pour southern
cough draught enough laugh	machine moustache stomach technique	should would could

Train your pronunciation

[ ʌ ]

• Friendship is one thing and business is another.

• Too much money makes one mad.

• Every country has its customs.

• Money makes money.

• Old love doesn’t rust.

• Don’t trouble trouble,

Till trouble troubles you,

It only doubles troubles

And troubles others too.

***

[ au ]

• Out of sight, out of mind.

• Little mouse, little mouse, Where is your house? –

Little cat, little cat, I have no flat. I’m a poor mouse, I have no house.

***

[i:]

• Extremes meet.

• Seeing is believing.

• East or west – home is best.

• A friend in need is a friend indeed.

• I’ll be free at three.

• First think than speek.

• Better a lean peace than a fat victory.

• Every family has a black sheep.

Sneeze.

If you sneeze on Monday

You sneeze for danger,

Sneeze on Tuesday,

Kiss a stranger,

If you sneeze on Wednesday

You sneeze for a letter,

Sneeze on Thursday

Something better,

If you sneeze on Friday

You sneeze for sorrow

Sneeze on Saturday

Joy tomorrow.

***

[i] and [ai]

• Little by little and bit by bit.

• My kite is white, my kite is light, my kite is in the sky.

• Smile a while, and while you smile, others will smile, and there’ll be miles of smiles.

• Time flies.

• It’s a pity that little Kitty lives in a big city.

• That fish has a fat fin,

This fish is a fish,

That has a thinner fin

Than that fish.

• Nick gives Dick six thick sticks; Dick gives Nick six thin sticks.

• If a cap fits, wear it.

***

[e]

• All is well that ends well.

• Better late than never.

• Health is above wealth.

• Wealth is nothing without health.

• A penny saved is a penny gained.

***

[ei]

• Kate and Mabel like the place.

• Name the date.

• Jane bakes eight cakes.

• Better bend than break.

• Tastes differ.

• The face is the index of the mind.

***

[ӕ]

• That’s the man, who set on my hat in the tram.

• Pat’s black cat is in Pat’s black hat.

• A black cat sat on a mat and ate a fat rat.

***

[Ө] or [Ә]

• Is this is this? – Yes, this is this.

• I can think of three thick things.

***

[ ʃ ]

• I wish I had a dish.

• She sells sea-shells on the sea-shore.

***

[ zə ]

• Eat at pleasure, drink with measure.

***

[ tʃ ]

• A teacher teaches children.

• A child fetches cheese.

• Three witches have three watches, which watch does witch watch?

• Charlie has a cheap chop for lunch.

• I like sandwiches with cheese and sandwiches with sausage.

• If a white chalk chalks on a black chalkboard

Would a black chalk chalk on a white chalkboard.

***

[ dg ]

• Just imagine.

• A journalist made a journey over Japan.

***

[a:]

• He laughs best who laughs last.

• Half heart is no heart.

• The highest art is artlessness.

***

[r]

• A foreign accent is a very great drawback.

• When at Rome do as Romans do.

• Neither rhyme nor rhythm.

• Every cook praises his own broth.

***

[h]

• Healthful habits make healthy bodies.

• Helen’s husband hates hot the.

• He, that has ears to hear – let him hear.

***

[ŋ]

• To know everything is to know nothing.

• A good beginning makes a good ending.

• Better die standing than live kneeling.

• Spades – for digging

Pens – for writing

Ears- for hearing

Teeth – for biting

Hands – for working

Legs – for walking

Tongues – for tasting and for talking.

***

[j]

-She said “yes” this year.

***

[w]

• No sweet without some sweat.

• Oh, what a tangle web we weave, when first we practice to deceive. (на какие ухищрения надо пойти, когда первый раз пытаешься обмануть)

• Better be happy than wise.

• When one has not

What one wants

One must want

What one has.

• Twinkle, twinkle, little star,

How I wonder what you are.

Up above the sea so high,

Like a diamond in the sky.

***

[u:]

• A fool at fifty is a fool indeed.

• Exceptions prove the rules.

• Too good to be true.

***

[u]

• A cook took a good look at the cookery book.

• A good husband should be deaf, a good wife should be blind.

• By hook or by crook. (Любыми средствами)

• The proof of the pudding in eating.

***

[o:]

• The law is the law.

• Better unborn than untaught.

• Too much knowledge makes the head bald.

• The more we study,

The more we know;

The more we know,

The more we forget;

The more we forget,

The less we know –

Why study?

***

[o]

• What is lost is lost.

• Honesty is the best policy.

• A watched pot never boils.

***

[əu]

• As you sow, you shall mow. (Что посеешь, то и пожнешь)

• Little strokes fell great oaks. (Вода камень точит)

• There is no smoke without fire.

***

[ə:]

• First come – first served.

• One good turn deserves another.

• Ladybird, ladybird!

Fly away home!

Your house is on fire

Your children all gone.

All but one –

And her name is Ann.

And she crept

Under the pudding – pan.

• Her work grows worse and worse.

• Learn thirteen words of lesson thirty.

***

[iə]

• Tommy’s tears and Mary’s fears will make them old before their years.

• Experience is the best teacher.

***

[eə]

• Where there is a will, there is a way. (Где хотение, там и умение)

***

[auə]

• April showers, bring May flowers.

• Without our legs, we cannot walk

Without our mouths, we cannot talk,

Without our eyes, we cannot see,

Without our hearts we cannot be.

Train your pronunciation and intonation

Task: Listen to the poem and try to imitate the intonation

and the pronunciation

Fire and Ice.

By Robert Frost.

Some say the world will end in fire,

Some say – in ice.

From what I’ve tasted of desire,

I hold with those who favor fire.

But if it had to perish twice,

I think, I know enough of hate.

To say, that for destruction ice

Is also great

And would suffice.

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