The list of synonyms and antonyms:

1. large – big – small (большой-маленький)

2. slightly – marginally – greatly (незначительно-значительно)

3. continuous – constant – discontinuous (продолжительный-непродолжительный)

4. lower – decreased – higher (низкий-высокий)

5. increasingly – progressively – decreasingly (увеличивающийся-уменьшающийся)

6. rapid – fast – slow (быстрый-медленный)

7. organic – natural – inorganic (органический-неорганический)

8. well-known – famous – unknown (известный-неизвестный)

9. independent – self-reliant - dependent (зависимый-независимый)

10. effective – efficient – useless (эффективный-бесполезный)

Annotation

This text is about dielectrics. Dielectric material has very big applications in electrical engineering. In addition, we can call them insulators. There are some technologies to make insulators more effective. One of them is making chemical compounds. By making chemical compounds, we can get high-performance dielectric material. Upgrading our dielectrics, we increased density of energy.

Questions:

1) How can we call dielectric material in other words?

2) What do the actual applications of dielectric material include?

3) What kind of silica bsed ceramic materials are mentioned in this text?

4) What kind of relativity does a low-K dielectric has in semiconductors?

5) What is the value of K in silsesquioxanes which has a large number of Si-H groups?

6) What was used as a gate oxide material for decades?

7) What is the result of blending high dielectric inorganic ceramic materials into polymers?

8) What is the most obvious way to increase the energy density?

9) How can we achieve low-K dielectric material?

10) What kind of distribution can be taken by the local gradient?

Answers:

1) We can call dielectric material as insulator

2) Dielectric material has wide range of compositions and physical forms

3) In this text silica (SiO2), hafnium silicate (HfSiO4), and zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4) are silica based ceramic materials.

4) In semiconductors, a low-K dielectric has a relativity to silicon dioxide

5) Silsesquioxanes with a large number of Si-H groups, for instance, have a K of ~2.8

6) Silicon dioxide has been used as a gate oxide material for decades

7) Blending high dielectric inorganic ceramic materials into polymers can lead to higher effective dielectric constants and thus increase the energy density.

8) The most obvious way to increase the energy density would be to choose dielectric materials with the highest possible breakdown field strength

9) We can achieve Low-K dielectric material by increasing porosity of silicon dioxide or doping of carbon or fluorine

10) Distribution of the Curie temperature can be taken by the local gradient