- •Сыктывкар 2009
- •The subject of biology
- •Learning activities
- •I. Group the words according to the root.
- •II. Choose Russian equivalents for English words.
- •III. What is the meaning of the following words in the text?
- •IV. Find in the text synonyms for these words.
- •VI. Define the tense of the predicate and put the sentences into interrogative and negative forms.
- •Is he studying Biology?
- •The stuff of life
- •Learning activities
- •VI. Ask questions to the underlined words and word-combinations.
- •VII. Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •VIII. Answer the questions.
- •IX. Translate into English.
- •X. Read and translate the text into Russian and then back into English, compare your version with the original:
- •XI. Read the text and reproduce it in Russian.
- •XII. Speak about protoplasm.
- •Animals and plants
- •Learning activities
- •I. Translate the following words, pointing out prefixes and suffixes.
- •II. Find in the text sentences with the following expressions and translate.
- •III. Explain the use of modal verbs and their equivalents in the following sentences.
- •IV. Use modal verbs as it is shown in the example. Write and translate the sentences.
- •V. Translate into English.
- •VI. Translate into Russian, paying attention to the underlined words.
- •General zoology.
- •Learning activities.
- •What is missing? Find the missing noun in the reading.
- •II. Find Russian equivalents for the English words and expressions. Arrange them in pairs.
- •III. Choose the correct word corresponding to the definitions below.
- •IV. Restate the following sentences according to the pattern.
- •V. Here are some answers. What are the questions?
- •VI. Rearrange these series of words to form sentences.
- •VII. Put in “little”, “a little”, “few”, “a few”.
- •VIII. Give Russian equivalents to the following English phrases.
- •IX. Give short answers to the following questions.
- •X. Study these sentences with Participle I and II. Define the function of the Participle. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XI. Are these statements true or false?
- •XII. Make up a plan of the text in the form of special questions. Retell the text using your plan.
- •I. Answer the questions.
- •II. Choose the correct word corresponding to the definitions below.
- •VIII. Correcting mistakes.
- •IX. Make up a plan of the text. Retell the text according to your plan.
- •I. Vocabulary.
- •II. Answer the questions.
- •III. Choose the correct word corresponding to the definitions below.
- •IV. Restate the following sentences according to the pattern.
- •V. Rearrange these series of words to form sentences (or questions).
- •VI. Paraphrase the following sentences. Remember that
- •Instead of we can say
- •VII. Here are some answers. What are the questions?
- •VIII. Check your comprehension.
- •IX. Give English equivalents of the following phrases. Use them in sentences of your own.
- •X. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XI. Correcting mistakes.
- •I. What is missing? Find the missing adverbs in the reading.
- •II. Vocabulary.
- •III. Answer the questions.
- •IV. Change the following statements to questions supplying short answers.
- •V. Choose the correct word corresponding to the definitions below.
- •VI. Restate the following sentences according to the pattern.
- •VII. For or since?
- •VIII. Rearrange these series of words to form sentences ( or questions).
- •IX. Form the comparative and superlative of the following adjectives.
- •X. Give Russian equivalents of the following phrases.
- •XI. Here are some answers. What are the questions?
- •XII. Check your comprehension.
- •Give English equivalents of the following phrases. Use them in sentences of your own.
- •XIV. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XV. Correcting mistakes.
- •I. Vocabulary.
- •II. Answer the questions.
- •III. Change the following statements to questions supplying short answers.
- •IV. Choose the correct word corresponding to the definitions below.
- •V. Restate the following sentences according to the pattern.
- •VI. Rearrange these series of words to form sentences (or questions).
- •VII. Give Russian equivalents of the following phrases.
- •VIII. Using prepositions.
- •IX. Here are some answers. What are the questions?
- •X. Check your comprehension.
- •XI. Give English equivalents of the following phrases. Use them in sentences of your own.
- •XII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XIII. Correcting mistakes.
- •Add 'few', 'a few', 'little', 'a little', as appropriate.
- •I. What is missing? Find the missing adjectives in the reading.
- •II. Vocabulary.
- •III. Oral questions.
- •IV. Choose the correct word corresponding to the definitions below.
- •V. Restate the following sentences according to the pattern.
- •VI. Rearrange these series of words to form sentences (or questions).
- •VII. Give Russian equivalents of the following phrases.
- •VIII. Use 'no' / 'none' or 'not any'.
- •IX. Here are some answers. What are the questions?
- •X. Add 'it', 'them', ‘one', 'ones', 'some' or 'any' — or nothing.
- •XI. Check your comprehension.
- •XII. Give English equivalents of the following phrases. Use them in sentences of your own.
- •XIII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XIV. Correcting mistakes.
- •Learning activities
- •I. Group the words according to the root.
- •II. Arrange the following in pairs of synonyms.
- •III. Find the Russian equivalents of the English words arrange in pairs.
- •IV. Fill in articles where necessary. Explain the use of articles in these sentences.
- •V. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Infinitive. Define the function of the Infinitive.
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Memorize the expressions from the text, use them in translating the Russian sentences into English.
- •VIII. Read and translate the text with a dictionary:
- •IX. Write a dictation.
- •X. Give the key words to the text. Give the summary.
- •I .Arrange, the words to form a sentence.
- •II. Answer these questions in short simple sentences. Your answers must follow each other so that all your sentences will form a complete paragraph. Your paragraph will be a precis of the piece.
- •III. Explain the meaning of the italicized words and phrases as they are used in the passage.
- •IV. Join the following sentences using the connecting words in brackets. Omit the words in italics.
- •VI. Study the form of the sentences.
- •VII. Explain the meaning of "since" in these sentences.
- •VIII. Write all kinds of questions (general, special, alternative, disjunctive) to the following sentences.
- •IX. Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •X. Translate into English.
- •A white-eyed fly
- •Learning activities
- •I. Find synonyms for the following words in the text.
- •II. What is the meaning of the following words in the text?
- •III. Pay attention to the combination/translate them into Russian.
- •IV. Find the Russian equivalents of the English words arrange in pairs.
- •V. Fill in the missing words. Compare your variants with those in the text.
- •VI. Analyse the constructions Complex Subject with the Infinitive and Complex Object with the Infinitive. Translate the sentences.
- •VII. Translate the sentences into English, using words and expressions from the text.
- •VIII. Here are the answers. What are the questions?
- •IX. Write a dictation.
- •X. Give the key words (phrases) to the text. Give the summary.
- •XI. Translate without a dictionary. Guess the meaning of unknown words from the context. Give the main idea of each paragraph:
- •Improvement of plants
- •Learning activities
- •I. Form nouns from the verbs below, according to the model
- •II. Find synonyms for the following words in the text.
- •III. Find the Russian equivalents of the English words, arrange in pairs
- •IV. What is the meaning of the following words (in the text)?
- •V. Read and translate the following sentences bearing in mind the various meanings of the words in bold type:
- •VII. Memorize the following phrases. Translate the sentences into English, using the phrases below.
- •IX. Translate into English.
- •X. Ask 10 special questions to the text in written form.
- •XI. Give the key words to the text. Give the summary.
- •XII. Translate the text without a dictionary:
- •XIII. Translate the text in writing with a dictionary paying attention to infinitive constructions (you are given 30 min.)
- •Food factors
- •Learning activities.
- •I. Read and translate the following attributive word combinations.
- •II. Arrange the following words in pairs of
- •Synonyms
- •Antonyms
- •III. What is the meaning of the following words in the text?
- •IV. What parts of speech are the following words in the text?
- •V. Find the Russian equivalents of the English words arrange in pairs.
- •VI. Write questions to the following sentences beginning with the words in brackets.
- •VII. Analyse the “-ing” and “-ed” forms in the sentences, state their functions.
- •VIII. Translate the following into Russian.
- •IX . Answer the questions:
- •X. Translate the sentences using words and expressions from the text.
- •XI. Translate the text without a dictionary. Guess the meaning of the unfamiliar words.
- •XII. Read the following passages and present their summary in Russian to your class-mates. Work in pairs.
- •Learning activities.
- •I. Give Russian equivalents to these words:
- •II. Use the words from Ex. I in the correct form to complete the sentences:
- •Find pairs of synonyms.
- •IV. Find English equivalents to the following word and combinations in the text:
- •V. Read and translate the sentences with the emphatic construction It is (was) … who(that) …
- •VI. Write as many questions as possible to the following sentences.
- •VII. Read the sentences containing non-finite forms of the verb (Infinitive, Gerund, and Participle). Define their functions. Translate into Russian.
- •VIII. Study the following sentences. Define forms of the Subjunctive Mood. Translate into Russian.
- •IX. Answer the questions:
- •X. Write out the sentences expressing the main idea of the text. Give the title to the text.
- •Antarctica: the world park?
- •Iceberg-a source of fresh water
- •Cold? Britain Is Actually Getting Hotter
- •The day of the dinosaur
- •The microscope
- •The basis of life in the sea
- •Yosemite
- •America's Last Great Wilderness
- •Список литературы:
Learning activities
I. Group the words according to the root.
Science, production, to change, special, division, nature, to resemble, organism, important, to grow, active, known, subdivision, resemblance, growth, reproduction, natural, activity, to know, a change, scientific, to organize, importance, to specialize,
scientist, to divide, organization, unimportant, overgrowth, to produce, naturalist, specialist, to act, knowledge, scientifically, to subdivide, product, unnatural, speciality, producer, specialization, actively.
II. Choose Russian equivalents for English words.
to have much in common
both...and
to take place
from a number of different facts
as well as
with the aid of
according to
to be of first importance
9. to deal with
a. иметь дело с
b. с различных точек зрения
c. и...и
d. иметь много общего
е. быть первостепенной важности
f. при помощи
g. происходить, иметь место
h. так же как и
i. в соответствии
III. What is the meaning of the following words in the text?
study — 1) изучение, 2) кабинет, 3) изучать.
thing — 1) вещь, 2) дело, 3) существо.
plant — 1) сажать, 2) завод, 3) растение.
point — 1) острие, 2) точка, 3) вопрос.
cell — 1) элемент, 2) клетка, 3) тюремная камера.
body — 1) тело, 2) труп, 3) главная часть.
subject — 1) подлежащее, 2) предмет, 3) тема.
field — 1) поле, 2) месторождение, 3) область.
order — 1) порядок, 2) орден, 3) приказ, 4) отряд.
IV. Find in the text synonyms for these words.
a study, a living thing, minute, to name, breathing, a part, with the help of, brunch, likeness, use.
V. Choose in the right-hand column the correct definition for each term in the left-hand column.
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VI. Define the tense of the predicate and put the sentences into interrogative and negative forms.
Example: He is studying Biology.
Is he studying Biology?
He isn’t studying Biology.
He has solved this difficult problem.
He is a good biologist.
My teacher developed a new plant.
These scientists work at a very interesting problem.
They began to investigate this problem last year.
Animals and plants live under different conditions.
Life exists in many places on the earth.
Some animals can exist under the immense pressure of the deep seas.
Biologists have solved many mysteries of the body.
Students of the biological faculty study different subjects.
VII. Ask tag-questions and give short answers.
Example: Biology is the science of life, isn’t it? – Yes, it is.
Plants and animals have much in common.
Protoplasm is essentially similar in all plants and animals.
The same natural laws apply to organisms.
Physiology deals with functions.
Biology gives us an understanding of nature.
Plants and animals make human life possible.
Medicines are derived largely from plants.
Wood has always been a building material of first importance.
VIII. Arrange the items of this plan logically.
Special phases of Biology
Subdivisions of Biology
Role of plants and animals in human life
Fields of knowledge to which Biology is essential
Likeness of plants and animals
IX. Answer the questions:
What are the two main subdivisions of Biology?
What is there in common between plants and animals?
What are special phases of Biology?
What do they deal with?
X. Translate into English.
Биология изучает жизненные процессы как у животных, так и у растений. Эти два больших подразделения называются ботаникой и зоологией. Как растения, так и животные не могут жить без воздуха, воды, пищи и света. Одинаковые жизненные процессы имеют место как у животных, так и растений. Эти процессы называются дыханием, пищеварением, ростом и размножением.
XI. Tell about the subject of Biology.
XII. Translate the text without a dictionary.
Biology is the science of life and people who are engaged in it are called biologists. They study the secrets of living things. Their discoveries are of great value to all mankind.
Biology tells us about our body: how it is constructed and how it functions. It gives us important information about other living things and how their lives affect mankind. Knowledge of biology will help you to keep healthy.
Biologists have made a great contribution to science. They have increased our food supply, they have developed new and better varieties of plants and animals. Scientific methods of farming have given us much more food. Biologists control many diseases. Vaccines, penicillin and sulfa are products of the biological laboratory.
Biologists have solved many mysteries of the body. They have discovered how blood circulates, how food is digested and many other secrets of life. They are now working in different fields of biology and their studies may lead to a solution of many problems.
TEXT 2.
Read and translate the following words:
Protoplasm, microscope, descent, research, liquid, membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, protein, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, rare, strontium, mercury tissue, mixture.