Раздел 4 Конституционное право и государственное устройство Великобритании и сша (The Constitutional Law and State Structure of Great Britain and the usa)

1. Конституционная монархия в современном обществе. (The constitutional monarchy in modern society)

2. Три основные категории британской неписаной конституции (Three major categories of the British unwritten constitution)

3. Функции британского парламента (Functions of the British parliament)

4. Законотворческий процесс (Law-making process)

5. Кабинет министров в Великобритании. Премьер-министр – глава исполнительной власти. (The Cabinet. The Prime Minister is the head of the executive power)

6. Судебная система. (The Judicial system.)

7. Конституция США: основные положения (The Constitution of the USA: main provisions)

8. Билль о правах и свободах граждан США (“The Bill of rights”)

9. Декларация о независимости США (The declaration of Independence)

10. Система «сдержек и противовесов» (The system of checks and balances)

11. Сенат и палата представителей (The Senate and the House of Representatives.)

12. Функция законодательной ветви власти (The function of the legislative branch)

13. Обязанности членов конгресса (The duties of members of Congress)

14. Полномочия и обязанности президента США (The duties and powers of the president of the USA)

15. Администрация президента (The President’s administration)

Методические рекомендации по выполнению контрольных работ

Контрольные работы выполняются учащимися самостоятельно в письменной форме к началу сессии.

Каждая контрольная работа содержит комплекс грамматических упражнений по темам, предусмотренных учебной программой, текст и серию упражнений на понимание содержания прочитанного текста. Степень полноты и глубины понимания информации и терминологии из текста проверяется заданиями на письменный перевод. Это помогает студентам развить навыки письменного перевода и обогащает их лексический запас.

В основу текстового материала контрольных работ положены оригинальные источники с незначительной обработкой из профессионально-ориентированных книжных, справочных и периодических изданий, которые тесно связаны с тематикой лексических тем, изучаемых в рамках курса.

Перед каждой контрольной работой предлагаются грамматические темы, которые учащийся должен выучить и закрепить самостоятельно, для того чтобы выполнить контрольную работу.

Все задания выполняются письменно с последующим обсуждением в присутствии преподавателя.

Задание вначале переписывается в исходном варианте, а затем выполняется согласно инструкции.

Все задания выполняются с обязательным переводом на родной язык.

TEST I

I. Read the text and answer in writing the questions that follow. The State System of Belarus

1. The Republic of Belarus is a unitary democratic social law-governed state. In conformity with the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus the only source of state power is the people who exercise it directly and through representative bodies. Assuring the rights and freedoms of the citizens is the supreme objective of the state.

2. Belarus is a presidential republic. The President of the Republic of Belarus is the head of state, the guarantor of the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus, the rights and liberties of man and citizen. The Fundamental Law of the Republic of Belarus establishes the requirements to the candidate for Presidency: citizenship of the Republic of Belarus, not younger than 35 years of age, having the right to vote, and having permanent residence in the Republic of Belarus for at least ten years before the election.

3. The Constitution approved the principle of division of power into legislative, executive and judicial powers. The supreme representative and legislative body is Parliament, the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus. Parliament consists of two chambers, the Chamber of Representatives and the Council of the Republic. Sittings of the chambers are held separately. Each Chamber elects its own Chairman and Vice-Chairmen who run the sittings and manage the internal regulations in conformity with the Constitution.

4. The House of Representatives consists of 110 deputies elected on the basis of universal, free, equal and direct suffrage, by secret ballot. A deputy of the House of Representatives must be a citizen of the Republic of Belarus who has reached the age of 21. The House of Representatives appoints elections and accepts the dismissal of the President.

5. The Council of the Republic is the chamber of territorial representation. In each region and in the city of Minsk 8 members of the Council of the Republic are elected at sittings of deputies by secret ballot. Eight members of the Council of the Republic are appointed by the President of the Republic of Belarus. A deputy of the Council of the Republic must be a citizen of the Republic of Belarus who has reached the age of 30 and has lived in the territory of the corresponding region (oblast) or the city of Minsk no less than 5 years. The Council of the Republic may cancel the decisions of local Councils of Deputies, which run contrary to the legislation.

6. The Executive power in the Republic of Belarus belongs to the President of the Republic of Belarus and to the Government, i.e., the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus headed by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President with the consent of the House of Representatives. The Prime Minister holds personal responsibility for the Government’s activity. In its activity, the Government is accountable to the President and responsible to Parliament.

7. Local government and self-government are exercised by citizens through local Councils of Deputies, executive and administrative bodies, bodies of territorial civil self-government, local referendums, meetings and other forms of direct participation in state and public affairs. The local Councils of Deputies are representative bodies of state power in the territory of the respective territorial administrative units and the main bodies of self-management.

8. The judicial power in the Republic of Belarus belongs to courts. In administering justice judges are independent and obey the law only. Interference into the activity of judges engaged in judicature is prohibited and punishable by the law. Control over the constitutionality of regulatory acts in the state is exercised by the Constitutional Court.

9. Supervision over precise and uniform execution of laws by all bodies of state government, local representative and executive bodies and artificial and natural persons is executed by the Procurator General of the Republic of Belarus.

1. What chambers does Belarusian Parliament consist of?

2. How many deputies are there in the House of Representatives? In what way are they elected?

3. What are the main functions of the Government?

4. What are the main functions of Parliament?