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1. The ________ Song Contest is watched by million viewers from Portugal or Finland, from Greece to Iceland, and in other countries.

2. The _______ organisation, which has the aim of relieving hunger throughout the world, was founded in Oxford.

3. The International Police Commission, with headquarters in Paris, is usually referred to as __________.

4. If you get up late at the week-end, you might decide to have ________ in the middle of the morning.

5. The British and French governments have taken the first steps towards building a _______ to link the two countries.

6. After driving all day, we looked for a cheap, clean _________ to stop at for the night.

7. In the past a university degree from _______ was a great advantage to anyone wanting a career in the diplomatic service.

8. There’s a certain kind of Swiss watch called a ________.

9. She can’t afford a proper flat. She rents a __________.

EXERCISE 21. Comment on the type of word-formation in the following pairs of words.

Full-fill, hot-heat, strong-strength, long-length, wide-width, breath-breathe, live-life, bath-bathe, import, v. – import, n., perfect, adj. – perfect, v., abstract, adj. – abstract, v., comment, v. – comment, n., to baby-sit – baby-sitter, to barkeep – barkeeper, beggar – to beg, burglar – to burgle, butler – to butle, to blood-transfuse – blood-transfusion, weekly – weekly paper, finals – final examinations, friendly – friendly match, movies – movie-theatre.

Exercise 22. Sound imitation/onomatopoeia. Match each sound with an item in the column below.

creak rustle bang

screech thud tick

sizzle purr jingle

whistle

sack of potatoes falling from a great height

bacon frying in the pan

a loose floorboard or door that needs oiling

leaves in the breeze

a clock

keys in a pocket

a bomb

wind through the trees

a well-tuned Rolls Royce engine

tyres when one brakes suddenly

EXERCISE 23. Instructions as above.

plop grate hum

splash pop jangle

click tinkle rattle

hiss

kettle boiling

wine glasses or little bells

knives being scraped together

a sugar lump dropped into the tea

something heavy dropping into the sea

something’s loose under the car bonnet

the quiet, background sound of a fridge

the old jailer’s keys

champagne corks coming out

a light being switched on

EXERCISE 24. Instructions as above.

crackle squeak swish

squeal crash whine

roar crack drip

patter

the high-pitched sound of a factory machine

rain on the roof

wood burning on the fire

a tap that can’t be turned right off

a whip or a bone breaking

curtains in a draught

little pigs or again tyres after braking

lions or a powerful engine

mice or the chair leg moving on the floor

a car going into a wall

EXERCISE 25. Define the type of word-building by which the italicized words were made.

1. Three teams of celebs battle it out to become champion spellers and win a jackpot for charity.

2. Bent over a magazine, my Dad was busy with circlingthelonely-hearts ads.

3. George Best, the footballinglegend, who had turned into a drunk, was given a livertransplant. After the $80,000op, Best vowed that he had put the booze behind him.

4. May I take the libof sayingsomethingto you?

5. This enterprise is a certif you have a bit of capital.

6. “You’ve had that phone20 minutes and not said a word!” – “Sir, I’m talking to my wife”.

7. Any prowill tell you that the worst thing possible is tooverrehearse.

8. Alarms erupted overhead at earsplitting decibel levels.

9. The hallway seemed never-ending.

10. Palmingthe soap, she peered out of the shattered window at theeighteen-wheeler idling below.

11. ‘Hold on,’ said a young woman in the front row. “I’m a bio major and I’ve never seen this Divine Proportion in nature.’

12. He had forgotten that the seemingly innocuous request of all European hotels to see a passport at check-in was more than a quaint formality – it was the law .

13. The dreamlikequality of the evening was settling around him again.

14. His dark hair was slicked back with oil, accentuating an arrow-like widow’s peak that divided his jutting brow and preceeded him like the prow of a battleship.

15. Discretion was apparently not part of the vocabulary of a 15-euro-per-hour watchman.

16. Sir Leigh Teabing had suffered from polio as a child and now wore leg braces and walked with crutches.

17. I can’t go into the specifics on the phone, but we have a situation here that could potentially be extremely unfortunate for the bank.

18. ‘To this day, most churchgoers attend services on Sunday morning with no idea that they are there on account of the pagan sun god’s weekly tribute – Sunday.’

19. Aringarosa had a chartered turbo prop awaiting him here for the short flight to France.

20. This woodedvalley was probablycrisscrossedby dozens ofunmappedroads.

21. He sounded apprehensive, like a father about to give the birds-and-the-bees lecture to his children.

22. He turned his eyes now to the dimly lit front recesses of the spacious interior. ‘Everyone comfy?’

23. Stepping across the threshold into Westminster Abbey, Langdon felt the outside world evaporate with a sudden hush. No rumble of traffic. No hiss of rain. Just a deafening silence, which seemed to reverberate back and forth as if the building were whispering to itself.

24. The creaking of a heavy door behind them made them turn.

25. Leigh Teabing did not feel his finger pull the trigger, but the Medusa discharged with a thundering crash.

26. Statuesque Brooke Shields has the last word on that spat with Tom Cruise, who criticised her for treating her postnatal depression with antidepressants.

27. Your son is hypersensitive to light, the dermatologist explained.

28. After all, although a lot of people pooh-poohed it, it’s what brought Patrick and me together.