Beginner one-piece

INTRODUCTORY TEXT

All food is made up of nutrients which our bodies use. Different foods contain different nutrients. Before we cut down on fat, sugar and salt, we have to know a bit more about the kind of food these things might be in. The biggest problem comes when these things are hidden in other foods: biscuits, crisps, sausages, meat pies, soft drinks and so on.

The best way is to get into the habit of checking the ingredients and nutritional value on the sides of packets although this isn’t always easy to do. But we all know that to eat much fat is bad for our health. The matter is that there are different kinds of fat, good and bad ones. Bad fats are the saturated fats, found in animal productions, like red meat, butter and cheese. Friendly fats are the unprocessed fats found naturally in foods like nuts and seeds, olives, avocados and oily fish, including tuna.

One more thing to know is that when food is cooked, its structure changes. It can change the vitamin and nutrient contents of food. More and more people feel strongly about the way, their food is produced. Nowadays so much of the basic food we eat – meat, fish, fruit and vegetables – is grown using chemicals and additives.

Although fertilizers and pesticides have greatly increased the quantity of food and helped to improve its appearance, there is a growing concern about the effects of these chemicals in the food chain. This concern has led to a growth in the demand for organically grown products because modified food, which is cheaper that ordinary one, can cause cancer and other health problems.

The food we eat, depends on lots of things. Taste is a big factor. Culture, religion and health are also essential in food we eat. Advertising and social factors influence the consumers a lot because income is an important fact. That is why, money, rather than a lack of knowledge about healthy eating, is at the heart of the problem.

So, there are three main messages to follow for balanced eating: 1) we should eat less fat, particularly saturated fat; 2) we are to cut down on sugar and salt; 3) we must eat more fresh fruit and vegetables.

1. Comprehension questions.

1. What is all food made up of?

2. Where are fats hidden and what are their kinds?

3. What intensifiers are used to grow food nowadays? 4. What can be the results of eating modified food?

5. What are three main messages to follow for balanced eating?

VOCABUALARY PRACTICE

1. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

Pasta, hot dog, rice, fish and chips, potato, meat, pizza

1.………… is the most popular food in Japan.

2.………… and ………… are very popular in Britain.

3.Chips are made of ………… .

4.Most Italian people love ………… .

5.Hamburgers are made of ………… .

6.A ………… a sausage inside a piece of bread.

5. Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passage.

Recipe, menu, fast food, take-away, eat out, waiter, dish, snack, bill, tip, cookery books, ingredients

I’m a terrible cook. I’ve tried hard but it’s no use. I’ve got lots of ………, I choose a

…………I want to cook, I read the ………… , I prepare all the necessary ………… and follow the instructions. But the result is terrible, and I just have a sandwich or some other quick

…………. So I often ………… .

I don’t like grand restaurants. It’s not the expense, it’s just that I don’t feel at ease in them. First the ……… gives me a ……… which I can’t understand because it’s complicated and

has lots of foreign words. At the end of the meal when I pay the ……… I never know how much to leave as a ……… . I prefer ……… places, like hamburger shops where you pay at once and sit down and eat straightaway. And I like ………… where you buy a meal in a special container and take it home.

6. Use the following words and phrases to fill in the gaps.

Nuts, a piece of cake, as nice as a pie, full of beans, not my cup of tea

1.I think our teacher is …………… . S/he is very kind and patient.

2.I don’t enjoy learning English pronunciation. It’s …………… .

3.I think that learning English grammar is ………….. . it’s very easy.

4.I know someone who is completely …………… . S/he is mad!

5.I’m always …………… . I’m very energetic and full of life!

7.Read the following dialogues.

A:I’m calling the waiter.

B:What’s the matter?

A:This steak has too much fat.

B:What do you want the waiter to do?

A:Bring me a better steak.

B:I wouldn’t do that.

A:Why not?

B:They will drop the new steak on the floor, step on it, and then spit on it.

A:You’re crazy.

B:Then the waiter will give you a big smile as he brings you the new steak.

A:Where do you get these crazy ideas?

B:I used to cook in a restaurant!

*****

A:Let’s leave.

B:But we just got here.

A:Did you see the waiter’s hands?

B:No.

A:He had dirty fingernails.

B:Really?

A:His nails were black!

B:That’s disgusting.

A:And he poured water into our glasses.

B:Yuck! No water for me.

A:I wonder if the cooks? Nails are dirty, too.

B:Who cares? Let’s get out of here.

8.Read the story about the lady fond of junk food.

Burger Queen

She’s 109 years old and she eats only junk food.

Yesterday was Mary Alston’s birthday. She is 109 years old, and she is one of the oldest people in the world. And she only eats junk food.

Mrs. Alston had a party with six generations of her family. Her daughter, Jenny Morgan, who is 85, said, ‘My mother loves chocolate, and eats only popcorn, pizzas and burgers. She never eats fresh food. She says she doesn’t like it.’

Mrs. Alston lives in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. She was born on a farm in Pennsylvania, and worked as a teacher. In 1915 she married James Henry Alston. He died in 1983.

Her granddaughter, Annie, who is 65, said, ‘Grandma gets up every day at six o’clock, and goes to the hairdresser every Friday.’

Annie asked her grandmother what she wanted to eat on her birthday. Mary said, ‘I’d like a cheeseburger and fries!’

a. Match the questions and answers. Complete the sentences.

9.We all love food – but we don’t all like the same things! Read these amazing food facts from around the world and see how different we are.

Amazing food facts!

People in China eat 134,800,000,000 kgs of rice a year – more than in any other country in the world.

In Tibet, people don’t have sugar in their tea, they have butter and salt!

In McDonald’s restaurants in India they don’t sell beef. All the meat in their burgers is chicken or lamb. They also sell vegetarian burgers.

People in Ireland drink about 150 liters of beer a year. In Germany, people drink about 130 liters a year.

American people eat about 10 kg of chocolate every year, but the Japanese eat only 3 kg a year.

The Royal Dragon restaurant in Bangkok, Thailand, has space for 5,000 customers at one time. There are 1,200 waiters and cooks, and over 1,000 items on the menu.

The Solo per Due restaurant in Vacone, in central Italy, has only got one table – for two people!

a.Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)?

1.Chinese people eat a lot of rice.

2.Tea in Tibet is different to tea in the UK.

3.You can buy beef in every McDonald’s restaurant in the world.

4.Japanese people eat a lot of chocolate.

5.The menu at the Royal Dragon restaurant is very big.

6.It is easy to have dinner at the Solo per Due restaurant.

10. Writing options. Try to make a story on the offered topics.

1.Are there any foods that you wouldn’t eat as a child that you eat now? Do you think that we eat better now than we did in the past?

2.Do you cook? If yes, what food do you cook the most often?

3.Do you like food from other countries? If yes, which do you like the most?

4.Do you like to eat at fast food restaurants? Do you think fast food, soda and sweets should be sold in school cafeterias?

5.Why can’t people stop eating? Why do you think obesity has become a world wide problem?

6.Have you ever had very bad customer service in a restaurant? Has the waiter / waitress ever mixed up your order / overcharged you / been very rude? Have you every complained to a manager about a waiter / waitress or refused to pay for your meal?

7.What are some foods that are considered unhealthy? Do you agree with genetically modified food we eat?

8.What do you usually like to drink when you go out?

9.What is the most unusual thing you’ve ever eaten? What foods have you tasted which you will never forget for the rest of your life?

HUMOUR TIME

A friend got some vinegar in his ear, now he suffers from pickled hearing.

*****

Waiter, there’s a strange film on my soup.

Well, what do you expect for one Dollar, Star Wars?

*****

Customer: Waiter, what’s this fly doing in my ice-cream? Waiter: Looks like he’s learning to ski.

*****

Which vegetable goes best with jacket potatoes? Button mushrooms.

*****

Customer: How often do you change the tablecloths in this establishment? Waiter: I don’t know, sir, I’ve only worked here for six months.

LESSON 9

At the Doctor’s

Commit to be fit. Alert today, alive tomorrow.

Cigarettes are killers that travel in packs. Sometimes I get the feeling the aspirin companies are sponsoring my headaches.

People nowadays are more health-conscious than they used to be. They understand that good health is above wealth.

To be healthy we should avoid different bad habits that can affect our health. Smoking and drinking are the worst ones as they can shorten our lives dramatically. Smoking, for example, causes a number of heart and lung diseases, such as pneumonia, emphysema and cancer. Besides, it makes your teeth yellow and skin unhealthy. Fortunately, in recent years smoking has received a lot of bad publicity, and fewer people smoke nowadays. Some companies don’t employ people who are smokers and smoking has been banned in most public places.

If we eat too much, we’ll become obese, and obesity leads to serious health problems. A lot of people like drinking coca cola and coffee, and enjoy pizzas and hamburgers. But what is tasty is not always healthy.

In recent years eating habits have undergone a change. People think of eating less fat and more fiber. Fat is believed to be one of the major causes of obesity and heart disease. High fiber and low fat foods can now be found in all shops and supermarkets. Salads, beans, and fruit have taken the place of steak and ice cream. The fashion for health food is growing all the time.

In chase of losing weight some people refuse to eat meat as they consider it harmful. They say a vegetarian diet reduces the risk of cancer because vegetarians live longer than others. But meat, actually, is an excellent source of good nutrition. It’s wrong to put down a food simply

because excessive amounts can cause health problems. Consumed in moderate amounts, meat is perfectly good for our health.

Other way to stay healthy and to keep fit is by going in for sports. Among the benefits of regular exercise are a healthier heart, stronger bones, quicker reaction and more resistance to various illnesses. Besides, you can eat and drink as much as you want because you are burning it all off.

Regularity in life promotes our health. Sleeping eight or nine hours, getting up early, regular meals, a healthy diet and going in for sports is really a good way to live.

1. Comprehension questions.

1.Why are people more health-conscious nowadays?

2.What bad habits should we avoid to be healthy?

3.How can people become obese?

4.What change have eating habits undergone in recent years?

5.What’s the role of meat in healthy eating?

6.How does sport help people to stay healthier?

2. Complete the following sentences.

1.They understand that good health is above ……………………………………………… .

2.Smoking causes a number of heart and lung diseases, such as ………………………….. .

3.Some companies don’t employ people who are …………….. and smoking has been

…………………… places.

4.Fat is believed to be one of the major causes of ……………………………… disease.

5.Consumed in ……………………, meat is perfectly good for our health.

6.…………………………… promotes our health.

VOCABUALARY PRACTICE

1. Write the missing letters to fill in the following symptoms.

1.I feel ill. I think I’m running a high t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

2.I’ve got the flu. I have a h _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and s _ _ _ t _ _ _ _ _ . My nose is c _ _ _ _ ed.

3.I’ve caught a cold. I’ve got a bad c _ _ _ _ and my b _ _ _ hurts.

4.I have food poisoning. I’ve got a s _ _ _ _ _ _ a _ _ e and I feel d _ _ _y.

5.My arm h _ _ _ _. I think I’ve broken it.

2.Put these health problems in three columns. Do you think they are not serious, more serious or very serious?

4. What does the doctor or nurse use the following things for?

5. Match the health problem with doctor’s recommendations.

7. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word.

1.I hit my hand on the desk and it really …………………………………………………… .

2.They say she died of heart ……………………………………………………………….. .

3.She had some apples that weren’t ready to eat and now she’s got stomach – …………… .

4.I’ve got this terrible …………. in my neck from sleeping in the wrong position.

5.He died of ………….. cancer even though he never smoked a cigarette in his life.

6.I went to the doctor and she gave me a ……………. for some tablets.

7.Pollution makes her …………… worse and it’s difficult for her to breathe.

8.There are different forms of hepatitis; one is a more serious …………….. than the other.

9.I hurt ……………. when I fell off the chair.

10.My back ……………… from sitting at the computer all day.

8.Read the following dialogues.

A:What did the doctor say?

B:He thinks I have too much stress.

A:Stress causes your stomachaches?

B:Stress causes different problems with different people.

A:So what did he tell you to do?

B:He said I need to think positive.

A:He didn’t give you any medication?

B:I hate medication. It makes me feel different.

A:So how do you think positive?

B:I think about nice things.

A:Like what?

B:Like a day at the beach, with my toes in the sand.

*****

A:I hate brushing my teeth.

B:It’s such a chore.