book 1_2013

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43. Find words of similar meaning to the following words and word combinations (see Ex. 40).

to marinate

drink

light coffee

pancake

cookie

decaf

porridge

to have a bite

frankfurter

44. Translate into English.

1) ; 2)

; 3) ; 4)

, – ; 5)

; 6) ; 7) ; 8)

; 9) , ; 10) -

.

45. Do the following:

a)Name at least two kinds of:

1)fish; 2) vegetables; 3) meat dishes; 4) cereals; 6) dairy products;

7)fruit; 8) drinks; 9) pastry; 10) meat.

b)Fill in the chart with the words from the text denoting the dishes eaten at:

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in Ukraine

c)Name the dishes you usually have for: 1) breakfast; 2) lunch;

3)dinner; 4) supper.

d)Name the products or dishes you like to eat most. What spices do you usually take with your favourite dishes? (Consult Essential Vocabulary at the end of this unit to give a detailed answer).

46. Which of these fruit and vegetables grow in your region? If there are any others not listed here, name them (Consult Essential Vocabulary at the end of this unit).

Peach, plum, raspberry, cucumber, lemon, sweet corn, kiwi, onion, mango, carrot, banana, cabbage, pineapple, water melon, grapefruit, pumpkin, cherry, strawberry, asparagus, artichoke, pear, sweet potato, apricot, avocado, coconut, papaya, nectarine, Brussels sprouts, black currants, quince, egg-plant, zucchini, beans, pomegranate, peas.

Reading

Pre-Reading Activities

Answer the following questions:

1) Do you know what reputation Ukrainian cuisine has in the world? 2) Are there any Ukrainian traditional dishes that people of other nationalities consider disgusting? 3) What national Ukrainian dishes "represent" Ukraine in the world? 4) Does globalization process influence Ukrainian cuisine and everyday menu? 5) What dishes of other national cuisines are now available in Ukraine/your native place? Have you ever tried any? Which of them do you like/dislike?

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47. a) Read and translate the text:

Food, glorious food!

British cuisine still has a dreadful reputation in the world. According to American visitors, the most common meat dish in Britain is 'fillet of an old bedroom slipper'. They say that the English only eat porridge and beef and drown themselves in tea. Many people I have met in France believe that British people regularly eat jelly and 'pudding' every day. In fact, 'pudding' means simply 'dessert', not the strange brown substance that is an essential feature of the Christmas dinner table.

The very mention of some British specialities is enough to provoke expressions of disgust on the Continent1. 'Haggis'2, the pride of Scottish country cooking, puts the French off though, interestingly, the word haggis comes from French and means exactly: minced meat and vegetables. The fact that it is cooked in a sheep's stomach is surely ancient Scots' invention at a time when the 'boil-in-the-bag' technique had yet to be introduced. To be fair, when I was a lad, food was pretty conservative. The word vegetables hardly extended further than potatoes, carrots, parsnips and swede. Peas were usually of the frozen variety, while avocadoes, zucchinis and peppers were rather rare and considered positively exotic. Spaghetti came from a tin and was served on buttered toast. Lettuce was (and still is) commonly served as it is, though a bottle of factory-made salad cream was usually on hand. The word vinaigrette3 was never in our vocabulary, because using oil as a seasoning was decidedly un-British.

Cultural myths die hard, but a revolution is afoot in the British kitchen. Food has become fashionable, and the word foodie now refers to someone who is passionately interested in what's on the end of his fork. Although some traditional dishes such as roast beef and Yorkshire pudding, steak and kidney pie or fish and chips, remain popular, eating habits in Britain changed. Rice and pasta have made an alternative for potato eating and the consumption of meat has also fallen. Vegetable and salad oils have largely replaced the use of butter. Roast beef is still the national culinary pride and is served at

1

2

3 ,

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midday on Sunday with roasted potatoes, Yorkshire pudding, two vegetables, a good strong horseradish, gravy and mustard. Fish is still important to the English diet, we are after all an island. Many species swim in the cold offshore waters: sole, hake, cod (the most popular choice for fish and chips), mullet, oily fishes (mackerel, sardines, and herring) as well as lobster and oysters. Eel, also common, is cooked into a wonderful pie with lemon, parsley, and shallots, all topped with puff pastry.

Food in Britain draws on a wide variety of international gastronomy influences. Sun-dried tomatoes, extra-virgin olive oil and balsamic vinegar can now be found in British supermarkets, enlivening the taste of the unseasoned lettuce leaf. British bread, which traditionally comes sliced and in packets, is being challenged by continental newcomers such as ciabatta1. Our colonial past is reflected in our affection to the Indian food, with its pakoras2, birianis3 and thalis4. Far Eastern cuisine has given us foods like Chinese cabbage, lemongrass and shiitake mushrooms, not to mention sushi, sashimi and wasabi. British food really has gone global.

A new style of language has developed since British restaurants have started producing all those dishes. Places which previously had nothing more than steak and kidney pie with two 'veg' now offer 'seared tuna steak drizzled with chilli oil and served with a mango salsa'. Menus in elegant restaurants are almost poetical, with 'panfried breast of wild pigeon placed upon a bed of rocket5 in a pool of wild berry jus topped with frizzled pancetta6 and shaved parmigiano reggiano'. Nothing seems to be 'fried' nowadays: food has to be 'panfried' to pass muster. Meat can't just be 'grilled', it has to be 'chargrilled' to be taken seriously.

1 ,

2( ): , , ,

( )

3( ): , ,

4( ):

, (+ )

5 ( , )

6

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The British attitude to food, though it has changed greatly, remains one of our greatest peculiarities. For many British comfort food, that makes you feel good, is often nothing more refined than fish and chips, tinned baked beans on toast or Marmite soldiers1. Nothing will ever change that.

(Based on the article by Martyn Back, and http://www.learnenglish.de)

b) Practise reading and then learn the following words:

Cuisine – ( ); fillet of an old bedroom slipper – ; to drown – ; speciality – ; disgust – ; to put off –

; stomach – ; lad – , ; to extend – , ; parsnip – ; swede – ; zucchini – ; afoot – , ; passionately – ; consumption – ; horseradish – ; mullet – ; eel – ; shallot –

; puff pastry – ; vinegar – ; to enliven – ; unseasoned – ; affection –

; veg – (informal) vegetables; to sear – ; to drizzle – ; salsa – (

); jus – ; frizzle –

; to pass muster – ( .) ,

; refined – .

c) Compare the typical Ukrainian and British cuisine. List the main features peculiar to each of them.

48.Find in the text words similar in meaning to the following:

1)any of several variously shaped edible preparations made from a flour and water dough, such as spaghetti; 2) originating in a foreign country, especially one in the tropics; not native; 3) a spicy tomato-based sauce; 4) food that is enjoyable to eat and makes the eater feel better emotionally; 5) a hard dry cheese made from skimmed milk, used grated, especially on pasta dishes and soups; 6) a fruit-flavoured clear dessert set with gelatine; 7) a thick slice of pork,

1 , " " ,

, .

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veal, etc.; 8) a Japanese dish consisting of small cakes of cold rice with a topping of raw fish; 9) a style or manner of cooking; 10) something that enhances the flavour of food, such as salt or herbs.

49. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following Ukrainian phrases.

1) ; 2) ; 3)

; 4)

; 5) ; 6) ; 7)

; 8) ; 9)

; 10) .

50. Complete the sentences as in the text (Ex.47)

1) A new style of language has developed …; 2) … remain popular, eating habits in Britain changed; 3) Menus in elegant restaurants are almost poetical …; 4) … we are after all an island; 5) … a good strong horseradish, gravy and mustard; 6) Eel, also common, is cooked …; 7) British bread, which traditionally comes sliced …; 8) Far-Eastern cuisine …; 9) … British people regularly eat jelly …; 10) Cultural myths die hard ...

51. Complete the sentences according to the text. Make the right choice.

1.The British eat roast beef for dinner ____

a)every day; b) on Sundays; c) on week days.

2.____ puts the French off.

a)haggis; b) pudding; c) sushi.

3.____ came from a tin and was served on buttered toast.

a)mustard; b) jelly; c) spaghetti.

4.____ is still the national culinary pride.

a)pakoras; b) roast beef; c) breast of wild pigeon.

5.Rice and pasta have made an alternative for ____ eating.

a)potato; b) meat; c) fish.

6.____ is cooked into a wonderful pie with lemon, parsley, and shallots.

a)herring; b) lobster; c) eel.

7.Roast beef is served with roasted potatoes, Yorkshire pudding, two vegetables, a good strong horseradish, ____.

a)gravy and mustard; b) gravy and wasabi; c) gravy and salsa;

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8.Lettuce is commonly served as it is, though a bottle of ____ was usually on hand.

a)factory-made chilli oil; b) factory-made salad cream; c) factory-made balsamic vinegar.

9.Using ____ as a seasoning was decidedly un-British.

a)oil; b) vinegar; c) vinaigrette.

10.The British also drown themselves in ___.

a)the sea; b) sour cream; c) tea.

52.* Translate the following sentences into English.

1.

. 2. , , ,

, ,

. 3.

, . 4.

,

. 5.

. 6. ,

,

. 7.

, ,

. 8. ,

,

. 9.

, . 10.

.

Grammar revision: Plural of nouns

Mind!

Uncountable nouns denote things that we cannot count, but only measure. We can put them in containers and then count the containers. So, we can say: two packs/glasses of milk or some milk (note that milk has no -s(es)-ending).

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Expressions of quantity and words denoting containers A bag of: a bag of potatoes, oranges, dog food, potato chips;

A bar of: a bar of chocolate, a candy bar, a bar of soap;

A bottle of: a bottle (2 bottles) of milk, mineral water, grapefruit juice, red wine, beer, ketchup, soy sauce;

A bowl of: a bowl of breakfast cereal, cornflakes, salad, soup;

A box of: a box of spaghetti, corn flakes, crackers, cookies, chocolates, matches;

A bunch of: a bunch of parsley, carrots, radishes, flowers;

A can of: a can of green peas, olives, tomato soup, sardines, beer, hair spray;

A carton of: a carton of milk, fruit juice, eggs, cigarettes (10 packs of cigarettes);

A container of: a container of sour cream, yoghurt; A cup of: a (plastic) cup of coffee, tea, soup, yoghurt;

A dozen (of): a dozen eggs, oranges, hamburger rolls, (2 dozen eggs); A gallon of: a gallon of milk, spring water;

A glass of: a glass of milk, beer, wine;

A head of: a head of cabbage, cauliflower, (2 heads of garlic);

A jar of: a jar of coffee, mayonnaise, raspberry jam, pickles;

A loaf of: a loaf of bread, (2 loaves of rye bread);

A mug of: a mug of beer;

A package of: a package of hot dogs, chicken legs, sesame rolls, cookies, cottage cheese, popcorn, beans, candies;

A pack of: a pack of chewing gum, cigarettes, cards; (a six-pack of beer, a twelve-pack of mineral water), a twin pack;

A piece of: a piece of bread, cake, pie, (a piece/lump of sugar, 2 pieces of sugar);

A pint of: a pint of blueberries, cream, beer;

A pound of: a pound of meat, cheese, (3 pounds of ground beef, a half pound of butter, 2 pounds of tomatoes);

A quart of: a quart of milk, apple juice, (2 quarts of orange juice);

A roll of: a roll of toilet paper, paper towels, foil, film; A slice of: a slice of bread, pie, pizza, cheese, tomato; A teaspoon of: a teaspoon of coffee, sugar, salt;

A tube of: a tube of mustard, hand cream, shampoo, toothpaste

Weight: 1 ounce (oz.) = 28.35 grams; 1 pound (lb.) = 16 oz. = 453.6 grams (g); 2.2 pounds = 1 kilo

Liquids: 1 pint = 0.473 liter; 1 quart (qt.) = 2 pints = 0.946 liter; 1 gallon = 4 quarts = 3.785 liters

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53. a) Look through the names of foodstuffs.

Cereal; apples; cake; doughnuts; biscuits; rice; sugar; sausage; eggs; a lemon; oranges; pie; ice cream; mayonnaise; tomatoes; potatoes; ketchup; bananas; turkey; meat; margarine; salt; semolina; milk; bread; roll; cheese; pudding; coffee; beer, yoghurt, cutlet, muffins, chocolates, mineral water, water-melon, kefir, jelly, crepes, vermicelli, plums, croissant, tinned fish, stewed fruit, raspberry jam.

b)See what foods from the list you have got in your refrigerator today. Underline the names of these products in the list above.

c)Write the nouns denoting the name of each food in the

correct column:

d) What foodstuffs from the list come in these containers? Fill in the chart:

cereal,

54. Write the plural form of the following nouns:

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