A Word of Caution
Keep in mind that skimming is a specific skill with a specific use. Just as it is inefficient to read material that should be skimmed, it is just as poor to skim when you should be reading.
Students, for example, should not skim textbooks, except when reviewing. Skimming is not a substitute for reading.
Let's review then what we know about skimming:
1. It is a skill, not a short-cut.
2. It is properly used on material which is familiar to the reader.
3. It is used when the reader can be satisfied with 60% comprehension.
4. Skimming must be rapid - use a pencil or your finger to force the eyes along.
5. Practice to develop a suitable pattern of moving the guide.
6. Work to eliminate sub-vocalization.
7. Conduct a careful preview before skimming.
8. Do not try to read every word - snatch up individual words on the fly.
9. Seek out opportunities to skim.
10. Do not skim when you should be reading.
Задание 2. Переведите письменно текст.
II. Grammar
Задание 3. Прежде, чем выполнить грамматические упражнения, внимательно прочитайте и выучите теоретический материал по предложенной теме.
Прилагательное
Нередко перед именем существительным употребляется имя прилагательное (какой?), которое выполняет функцию определения. Если имя существительное имеет артикль, то имя прилагательное ставится между артиклем и существительным. Имена прилагательные в английском языке изменяются только по степеням сравнения.
Имя прилагательное (какой?) Степени сравнения прилагательных
|
Положительная (исходная) |
Сравнительная (с союзом “than”) |
Превосходная (с артиклем “the”) |
|
I. Односложные прилагательные: | ||
|
small large big* |
smaller (than) larger (than) bigger (than) |
the smallest the largest the biggest |
|
II. Многосложные прилагательные: | ||
|
interesting important beautiful |
more interesting (than) more important (than) more beautiful (than) |
the most interesting the most important the most beautiful |
|
III. Исключения: | ||
|
good bad much/ many little far |
better (than) worse (than) more (than) less (than) farther/ further (than) |
the best the worst the most the least the furthest/the farthest |
*Происходит удвоение конечной согласной, если перед ней стоит краткая гласная.
as…as… - для сравнения одинаковых характеристик в утвердительных предложениях:
e.g. This book is as interesting as that one.
not so… as – в отрицательных предложениях.
e.g. This book is not so interesting as that one.
Задание 4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя прилагательные в сравнительной или превосходной степени. Переведите письменно предложения на родной язык.
1. John’s room looks (comfortable), Mary’s room looks (comfortable), but Jack’s room looks (comfortable). 2. The Soviet Union is (large) country in the world. 3. This is (good) film of all the films I have seen this year. 4. The Moscow underground is (beautiful) underground in the world. 5. This exercise is (difficult) than that one. 6. This book is (easy) than the last one I read a month ago. 7. I think Edward is (lazy) pupil of the group. 8. Your theatre is as (good) as ours. 9. I am, maybe, (hungry) than you are. 10. Peter was late for his lessons, Jack was (late), but Nick was (late). 11. Kate speaks English (good) than her sister. 12. Today’s hometask is (easy) than yesterday’s one. 13. This ground is as (black) as coal. 14. She is as (brown) as a berry.
Задание 5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя прилагательные в сравнительной или превосходной степени.
1. His plan is (practical) than yours. 2. London is the (large) city in England. 3. Silver is (heavy) than copper. 4. This exercise is (good) than the last one. 5. Iron is (useful) of all metals. 6. The Dnipro is (wide) and (deep) than the Buh. 7. The 22nd of December is the (short) day in the year. 8. Her report is (bad) than yours.
Задание 6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя прилагательные в нужной форме.
1. This mountain is the (high) in Europe. 2. This piece of homework is as (bad) as your last one. 3. This piece of homework is (bad) than your last one. 4. Richard is not as (tall) as Tom. 5. Tom is (tall) than Richard. 6. Tom is the (tall) boy in the class. 7. Athens (Афіни) is (far) from London than Rome is. 8. Jack is (rich) than Richard, but I don’t think he is (happy) than Richard. 9. Our neighbors have (many) hens than we have, but they get (few) eggs.
Задание 6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя прилагательные в нужной форме.
1. Summer is the (warm) of the four season. 2. Winter in London is (foggy) than in Paris. 3. These are the (bad) cigarettes I have ever smoked. 4. I think I am the (bad) dancer in the world! You are not (bad) than I am. 5. Your work is much (good) than I thought. 6. London is (big) than Manchester. Manchester is (small) than London. 7. A train goes faster than a ship but not as (fast) as an airplane. Which is the (fast)? Which is the (slow)? 8. This is the (wonderful) and (beautiful) film I have ever seen.
Задание 7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя прилагательные в нужной форме.
1. He doesn’t look a day (old) than forty. 2. What (nice) present is there then a box of chocolates? 3. What (good) present is there than a box of cigarettes? 4. Jack and Peter are exactly as (old) as each other and exactly as (tall) as each other. 5. Susan is (old) than Mark; she is the (old) of the family. 6. Summer is (warm) than winter. 7. Robert and Paul are the (noisy) boys that I know. 8. Boys are always (noisy) than girl.
Задание 8. Выберите правильную форму прилагательного.
1. England is (less, smaller) than France. 2. I’ve got (less, smaller) time today than yesterday. 3. There’s (less, fewer) people at the stadium on weekdays than. At the weekend. 4. Don’t we spend (less, fewer) time at the stadium then in front of our tallies? 5. We’re going to do (larger, more) business with Brown and Co. in the near future. 6. (Larger and larger, more and more) companies in Greet Britain do business with Russian counterparts. 7. “Isn’t this exhibition a little (less, smaller, fewer) than the one we went to last Sunday?” “Yes, there are (less, smaller, fewer) pictures here, I think”.
Задание 9. Замените прилагательные в скобках на правильный вариант из числа предложенных.
1. Jimmy is (short) boy in his class
А — shorter, В — shortest , С — the shortest
2. Her eyes are (blue) as the sky
A — no blue, B — as blue, C — bluer
3. Polly is two years (old) than her brother
A — as old, B — oldest, C — older
4. Bul Polly is not so (tall) as her brother
A — tall, B — taller C — the tallest
5. This task is (difficult) than that one
A — as difficult, B — more difficult, C — the most difficult
6. Den’s dictation is (bad) than mine
A — much worse, B — worse, C — the worst
7. Lizzy is (young) in her family
A — the most young, B — the youngest, C — younger
8. Where is (near) post-office, please?
A — nearer, B — more near, C — the nearest
9. Ann’s wages are (little) than her husband's wages.
A — littler, B — more little, C — less
10. Pushkin is (famous) Russian poet.
A — more famous, B — the most famous, C – famouser
Задание 10. Прежде, чем выполнить грамматические упражнения, внимательно прочитайте и выучите теоретический материал по предложенной теме