§ 28. The pronoun each is used as a noun pronoun and as an

adjective pronoun. In the former case it is singular in meaning

and takes a singular verb (a). In the latter case it is associated

with a singular countable noun and can be used when there are at

least two objects of the same description (b).

e.g. a) I told them what each was to do in case of an emergency, b)

For years I thought I remembered each detail of that day. I have

met him each time he has come to London. We examined each

specimen minutely. He gave each boy a present.

Each as an adjective pronoun is a synonym of every but there

is some difference in meaning between them. Every tends to gather

the separate items into a whole; each focuses attention on them

individually and so tends to disperse the unity, it takes the members

of a definite group one by one, without adding them up. In

other words, every refers to a number of individuals or things,

considered as a group; each refers to a number of individuals or

things, considered separately.

e.g. Every orange in the crate was wrapped in tissue paper. He carefully

unwrapped each orange before putting it on the scales.

As a result of its specific meaning, each may be followed by

an o^-phrase, which is not possible in the case of every.

e.g. Each of the men signed his name as he came in.

I'll send each of you some seeds in the autumn.

Each of the ten houses in the row had a garden.

§ 29. The pronoun other can be used as an adjective pronoun

and as a noun pronoun.

As an adjective pronoun, it is invariable. When it is preceded by

the indefinite article (an), they are written as one word another.

"The other + a singular noun" means 'the second of the two.'

e.g. The insurance offices were on the other side of the street.

He pulled on the other glove and said that, though it was

late, he would run along to his office.

I spent half my time teaching law and the other half in London

as a consultant to a big firm.

"Another + a singular noun"- means 'an additional one', 'a different

one'.

e.g. Young Martin had been sent on another errand to the grocer.

Richard stayed for another moment, shifting from one foot

to the other.

We went into another room. I

must find myself another job.

"The other + a plural noun" means 'the rest', 'the remaining'.

e.g. My mother said: "I don't want my boy to suffer in any way

at the side of the other boys in the form." When I returned

home I found my wife talking to our neighbour. The other

guests had gone.

"Other + a plural noun" means 'additional', 'different', 'remaining'.

e.g. I have no other friends but you.

"We can do as well as other people," my aunt said.

He said that he would ring Charles up as soon as he got

home. Then he talked of other things all the way. Some

children like milk chocolate, other children prefer plain

chocolate.

As a noun pronoun, other has the plural form others and the

genitive Case forms other's and others'.

Other used as a noun pronoun has the same meanings as when

it is used as an adjective pronoun (see above).

e.g. Simon set one foot slightly in front of the other, ready to

fight. - .

It was only another of her many disappointments.

If that cigar is too strong, try another.

That may be your opinion, but the others think differently. I

have talked to them. All superiors were '.aportant to Mr

Vesey, though some were

more important than others. One of his daughters is

married to a man who lives by his

pen. The other's husband is a doctor.

Note the idiomatic uses of other in the following sentences:

e.g. I don't want him to be other than he is.(= I don't want him

to be different.) She could invent no way of squeezing

another nine guineas

out of her budget. (= nine guineas more) Another fifty

yards farther on you can see Marcello's boat.

(= fifty yards more)

"I saw your wife the other day," I said. (= a few days ago)

And somehow or other he had acquired a wide acquaintance

with the less known parts of the city. (= in some way that •

cannot be accounted for) Some idiot or other has been throwing

stones at the dog.