Обьектный инфинитивный оборот

Сложное дополнение
Существительное в общем падеже или местоимение в объектном падеже (me, you, him, her, it, us, them)	+ Инфинитив

I want him to make this experiment.

Я хочу, чтобы он провел этот опыт.

We suppose Zinin to have discovered anilin.

Мы полагаем, что Зинин открыл анилин.

He wishes the work to be done at once.

Он желает, чтобы работа была сделана тотчас же.

Упражнения

I. Определите обьектный инфинитивный оборот в следующих предложениях и переведите их на русский язык.

I

1. We know Cryogenics to be science of producing low temperatures. 2. I knew this man to be an experienced worker. 3. We observe this object to be attracted by another one. 4.The study of tungsten showed tungsten to have the highest melting point. 5. In future we expect radiation chemistry to lead us to many discoveries. 6. The engineer believes the mechanic to finish repairing the engine ahead of time. 7. We think them to built the pipeline next month.

II

1. The ancients thought electricity to be invisible fluid. 2. We consider nuclear energy to be the prime source of heat energy. 3. The early discoveries in nuclear science showed the atomic nucleus to be a vast source of energy. 4. Maxwell found the speed of propagation of electromagnetic waves to be equal to the ratio of electromagnetic to electronic units of charge. 5. At some distance above the Earth, ultraviolet radiation from the Sun causes some of the molecules to dissociate from the molecular state to the atomic state.

II. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод конструкции «for + существительное + инфинитив». Помните, что эта конструкция переводится придаточным предложением с союзом «для того, чтобы».

Образец:

It is necessary for titanium to be welded by lasers.

Необходимо, чтобы титан сваривали лазером.

1. Eight minutes are required for light to travel from the Sun to the Earth. 2. Nearly a month is required for the Moon to circle the Earth. 3. For combustion to be rapid, the fuel and oxidant must be quickly mixed. 4. For the radar system to operate properly, the radar receiver must be turned to the magnetron frequency. 5. It is important for the model to be accurate but simple enough. 6. If oxygen is present on Mars, its amount is too minute (mainju:t) for our instruments to detect. 7. For the resistance of a conductor to be measured, it is necessary to have some fixed standard, say, the ohm. 8. For a body to be in equilibrium under the action of any number of forces, two conditions must be satisfied.

Субьектный инфинитивный оборот

Подлежащее + сказуемое в действительном + инфинитив или страдательном залоге

1. 100 elements are supposed to exist on the earth.

Полагают, что 100 элементов существует на Земле.

2. Electronic equipment is known to be in great demand.

Известно, что электронное оборудование пользуется большим спросом.

3. The development of project appears to be improving.

Оказывается, что разработка этого проекта улучшается.

Сказуемое субъективного оборота может быть выражено глаголами:

а) в страдательном залоге:

This value	is said	известно, что…
	is supposed	предполагают…
	is expected	ожидают…
	is assumed	допускают…
	is reported	сообщают…
	is considered	считают…
	is proved	доказано…
	is found	найдено…

b) в действительном залоге:

This value	seems	по-видимому…
	happens	оказывается…
	appears	по-видимому..
	proves	безусловно..
	is sure	непременно…
	is certain	вероятно…
	is likely	вероятно…
	is unlikely	маловероятно

Упражнения

I. Определите субъектный инфинитивный оборот, в сдедующих предложениях и переведите их на русский язык.

I

1. Light proves to travel in straight lines. 2. Light in tensity happens to be measurable. This property seems to refer to a restricted number of materials. 4. The property appears to have been mentioned frequently in the past. 5. They are likely to be familiar with this phenomenon. 6. This phenomenon does not appear to have been studied. 7. This reaction was not expected to start at lower temperatures.

II

1. Electronics equipment have been proved to save millions of man machine hours. 2. Electronics devices are known to control the stream of electrons. 3. Experiments with special constructions of semiconductor diodes are reported to have been carried out. 4.This equipment has been proved to do jobs better and more economically than other devices. 5.Vacuum tubes are considered to be indispensable in industrial control. 6. The word magnet comes from the name of the province of Magnesia in Asia, where the mineral seems to have been discovered.

II. Переведите предложения на русский язык с инфинитивом в различных функциях.

I

1. We use a thermometer to measure temperature. 2. The only way of getting knowledge is to learn. 3. To study geometry means to train logical thinking. 4. We want this method to be applied at their plant. 5. This method is reported to have been applied at their plant. 6. Lasers are known to have found an application in the printing industry. 7. This type of engine is said to have some advantages. 8. Science is known to have become the main source of the world’s progress. 9. Plastics are material to be widely used in industry. 10.The problem was to make a new plan.

II

1. He is known to have been working on this problem for many years. 2. The law to determine the ratio of stress to strain for elastic bodies is called Hooke’s law. 3. The energy to be produced by our atomic power stations will be millions kilowatts. 4. The problem to be discussed is connected with the laws of thermodynamics. 5. Cosmic rays have been found to belong to two energy groups, one much more penetrating than the other. 6. The fundamental functions of vacuum tubes are likely to be the cause of their numerous applications. 7. The future is expected to bring a great many uses for semiconductors. 8. The heat to melt the metal cannot be supplied instantaneously by the flame. 9. It is necessary for the two metals to have the same structure.

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