VI Comprehensive skills.
Read and remember:
1. measuring and control instruments – вимірювальні прилади
2. strength of materials – опір матеріалів
3. machine parts – деталі машин
4. device – прилад, інструмент
5. design bureau – конструктoрське бюро
6. term paper – курсовий проект
7. graduation paper – дипломна робота
8. research work – дослідна робота
9. theoretical investigation – теоретичне дослідження
10. skilled – досвідчений, кваліфікований
11. pure and applied sciences – точні та прикладні науки.
2. Listen to the text “My future speciality” and try to understand it.
3. True or False statements:
I study at the faculty of design.
The students of our department are specializing in humanities.
Engineering is a complex consisting of inter-linked industries.
As future engineers we get thorough knowledge of pure and applied sciences.
Studying is combined with practical training.
The Infinitive
|
Форми інфінітива |
Active |
Passive |
|
Indefinite |
to write to come |
to be written |
|
Continuous |
to be writing to be coming |
-
|
|
Perfect |
to have been written to have come |
to have been written |
|
Perfect Continuous |
to have been writing to have been coming |
- |
Якщо дієслово не вживається в пасивному стані, або у формі Continuous, то кількість форм інфінітива відповідно менша.
The functions of The Infinitive
|
A Subject (підмет) |
To come in time to the appointed place for an interview is important for every job applicant. |
|
A Predicate (присудок) |
To work well means to do one’s duty. |
|
A Part of a Compound Verbal Predicate (частина складного присудка) |
You must mention your computer skills in interview. Hubert began to describe his responsibilities and duties at his previous jobs. |
|
An Object (додаток) |
The obtained data enabled Nancy to prepare a report. |
|
An Attribute (означення) |
Nora had a plan to make a good impression on the interviewer. |
|
An Adverbial Modifier (обставина) |
The task was too complex to solve it the same day. |
Предикативні інфінітивні звороти
The Objective Infinitive Construction (Complex Object).
We know these devices to work by electric impulses.
They want him to test this plane.
Такі звороти перекладаються підрядними реченнями, в яких іменна частина (іменник або займенник) виконує роль підмета, а інфінітив – присудка.
|
t to know to report to suppose to expect to consider to assume to think to believe to seem to appear to prove to happen to be likely to be unlikely to be sure to be certain |
is said, was said is known, was known is reported, was reported is supposed, was supposed is expected, was expected is considered, was considered is assumed, was assumed is thought, was thought is believed, was believed seems, seemed appears, appeared proves, proved happens, happened is likely, was likely is unlikely, was unlikely is sure, was sure is certain, was certain |
говорять, говорили відомо повідомляти, повідомляли передбачають, передбачали очікують, очікували вважають, вважали вважати думають, думали вважать, вважали здаватись з’являтись здається, здавалось траплятися можливо неможливо безумовно бути впевненим |
o
say
The Subjective Infinitive Construction (Complex Subject)
The computer is known to perform complicated calculations.
Glass is said to have been invented 2,000 years ago.
В таких реченнях присудок перекладається неособовою формою дієслова, а інфінітивний зворот – підрядним реченням, в якому іменник (займенник) виконує роль підмета, а інфінітив – присудка.
Дієслова, що вживаються у звороті “The Subjective Infinitive Construction”
|
to assume to believe to consider to choose to expect to find to hold to know to maintain to suppose to think |
вважати вірити вважати умовно вважати очікувати знаходити вважати знати стверджувати передбачати, вважати думати |
to show to prove to desire to require to wish to want to feel to hear to see to watch to observe |
показувати доказувати бажати вимагати бажати хотіти відчувати чути бачити дивитися спостерігати |