Grammar Modal verbs. Must, have to, should

Ex. 1 Find examples of the modal verbs in the text. Copy out the sentences.

Ex.2 Fill in the following dialogue with the right modal verb from the box:

have to must should

Customs officer: Have you got only one suitcase?

Passenger: Yes, but I have got also hand luggage.

C.o.: Put your baggage on the belt, please. You’ll _____ open your traveling

bag. What’s this?

P.: It’s a picture. I bought it in a shop in the centre of Moscow.

C.o.: Do you know the Customs regulations on valuables?

P.: I’m not quite sure if I do. What _____ I do?

C.o.: First, you _____ have declared this picture in the declaration form.

P.: Oh, I’m sorry. I didn’t do that.

C.o.: Second, you _____ have the receipt with the statement “Allowed for

taking out of the Russian Federation” or a permission from the

Ministry of Culture. Do you have any?

P.: I’ve got only the receipt from but there is no statement on it.

C.o.: In this case I’ll _____ detain this picture, I’m sorry.

Ex.3 Express bewilderment (недоумение) in answer to request or command:

Model : Wait a minute. – Why should I wait?

1. Show me your currency.

2. Please, tell me the purpose of your visit.

3. Show me the permit for taking this icon out of the country.

4. Unpack your baggage.

5. Answer my questions.

6. Follow me.

7. Put your baggage on the belt.

Vocabulary

valuable / valuables to consider heritage antique craftsmanship original hand-made engravings handicrafts manuscripts archive unique rare mass production state ( adj.) body to keep the State Protection List register (n) to apply permission proof of ownership receipt auction to issue to confirm ground (n) obligatory to detain to accuse proprietor to create temporary Criminal Code administrative violation etc.

ценный / ценность рассматривать, считать наследие антикварная вещь мастерство оригинал, подлинник ручной работы гравюра ремесло, ручная работа рукопись архив единственный в своем роде редкий массового производства государственный организация, орган зд. вести (реестр, опись) Опись культурных ценностей, охраняемых государством зд. реестр обращаться разрешение доказательство права собственности квитанция, чек аукцион выдавать подтверждать основание, мотив обязательный изымать, задерживать обвинять владелец, собственник, хозяин создавать временный Уголовный кодекс административное правонарушение и другие = и др.

Unit 8 customs regulations on pets

Text

All birds and animals must be transported under humane and healthful conditions. A suitable cage, space, ventilation, protection from the elements as well as cleaning, feeding and watering must be provided by the owner or the carrier of the pet.

There are various import and export regulations, restrictions and formalities that must be complied with. In some countries animals are prohibited entry by law. Some countries require import permits which must be obtained well in advance of your pet’s arrival date in that country. In some countries there are quarantine terms for pets. For example, all pets visiting Great Britain had to spend six months in quarantine to keep the island free of rabies. But a few years ago Britain relaxed the requirements for pets from Europe, Australia, Japan, the USA and Canada. Now the animals can enter the country upon arrival provided they carry microchips, are vaccinated and undergo a full veterinary inspection.

As to Russia, there is no quarantine for dogs and cats and there is no need to apply for an import permit. If a person is planning to take his dog or cat out of the country, he must have a valid international pet passport and a veterinary health certificate from a licensed Russian vet., stating that the pet is healthy and fit to travel. The pet must be vaccinated against rabies and other infectious diseases at least 1 month prior to leaving Russia, but not more than 12 months before departure.

Besides the owner of the dog or cat must have a certificate from the breeding club stating that the animal presents no breeding value.

Stricter regulations are in effect for birds and exotic animals such as parrots, turtles, monkeys, snakes, etc. Normally, the export of such animals is prohibited. They can be carried across the border only with the permit of the State Committee on Environmental Protection. To obtain the permit a person will have to present the documents confirming that the animal was born on the territory of the Russian Federation or that it was purchased legally.

The unlawful import and export of animals is forbidden by law. It is considered as smuggling and is liable to prosecution.