I. Составьте из двух предложений одно так, чтобы it было его формальным подлежащим, то есть не переводилось,

Образец: We can't get there in time. It's impossible. - It's impossible to get there in time.

1. Joint ventures are to be governed by Russian law. It's obvious.

2. We should not produce goods which are not in demand, ft is not profitable. S.You can set up a one-person firm. It is not difficult.

4.One shouldn't be in debt before one starts business. It is unwise. 5.This business has flourished over the years. It is not surprising, 6. We could achieve this target. It is quite realistic.

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ц Переведите предложения учитывая особенности перевода усили-flieflbHOU конструкции.

1) It was Napoleon who first suggested that the tunnel be built under the e_ngiish Channel between France and Britain. 2) It's due to such system that the VVestern economy has achieved the results which we admire today. 3) It is thanks to this that the «young dragons» of Asia have performed an unprecedented economic leap. 4) Citibank lost money in the US during the Depression; it was the dividend from the Shanghai branch that kept it going. 5) It was the plunge in the world oil prices during the eighties that accounts for Indonesia's economic health these days. 6) It is for the first time in Russian history that the following fundamentals of economic relations are legally confirmed.

7) It was to break this tradition that the new law was passed. 8) It's not the size of a company that matters. 9) It's because people pay interest that the bank can afford to pay you interest when you deposit your money with it. 10) It's the money deposited in the banks by all their customers, large or small, which they tend out to business, to industry, even to government. Three quarters of all money loaned out by the banks goes to industry, because it's industry that produces goods and services which make up our basic wealth. 11) It's not just the racing that guests enjoy when they come to stay for Ascot. 12) For most of this century, it was common knowledge that success came with size.

111. Определите функцию «it». Предложения переведите.

a) 1) tf the foreign importer is a private company, it may try to contact its supplier directly. 2) Let's say a U.S.company has something to produce. It licences production to a big Japanese company. 3) According to marketing theory you first ascertain customer want or need and then create a product to satisfy it. 4) How do they do it year after year, growing more profitable? 5) The best time to fix (отремонтировать) something is before it is broken.

6) If it is necessary to pay very high prices for the essentials of life, people pay them. 7) It's easy to imagine the situation when you have adequate information. 8} It is not difficult to set up a one-person firm and it's not hard to survive for a while. («To survive» means to cope successfully with difficulties, though it is not so easy,) 9) It would have been impossible to pursue such a Policy without a ramified network of local banks. 10) Without insurance it is difficult to survive. 11) It is better to have a written agreement with the manufacturer. 12) In the United States, the use of consulting firms is a common practice; it is customary to invite qualified specialists to solve complex problems.

13. I find it strange that she does not want to travel. -She finds it boring.- She finds it boring to stay at home.

14. New technology wilt make it possible to enter new markets effectively. ' 5) If an agent is a stockist, it will make it easier to develop new markets.

16) It appears that the two leaders are holding secret talks. 17) It became Apparent that this was an illusion. 18) It should be said that in real life the situation

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does not occur very often. 19) tt proved to be impossible to change the situation radically.20) It was planned to double national income and the industrial output. 21 )(t has been already noted that by 1914 Britain had fallen behind the USA and Germany in electrical engineering. 22) It has been estimated that the total material loss exceeded 3000 million pounds.

23) It takes much time and effort to prepare for such an exam. 24) How long does it take to get there? 25) It will take over a year to (earn how to run a business. 26) Some sceptics think that it would take years to fulfil these plans. 27} It has taken me six months to (earn how to operate the machine.

b) 1) The nation was tired of hearing the government's promises which it failed to fulfil. 2) Our business was more vulnerable than it looked. 3} Production within the framework of the given enterprise might be unprofitable but it was necessary for the national economy as a whole. 4) It will be difficult to say how reasonable this concept is untill there are concrete mechanisms to define it. 5) Under such a system it would not be profitable to produce low quality goods. 6) It was most essential that they had arranged a rational division of labour. 7) Irq the previous years it was the east that has been responsible for the entire increase in oil and gas output.

8) It would have been possible to discuss this situation half a year ago, when there was no securities market. 9) Today it is clear that the Central Bank have been able to set up an effective mechanism for attracting capital for the needs of the budget. 10) If you have a bank branch near your home, you may find it convenient to go there to draw your money out. 11) It will take longer than ten years to reach the desired level of European integration. 12) When it was time to repay, bank sent its clients a notification. 13) It was planned to reduce maintenance costs. 14) It has been estimated that the construction of this industrial complex would take 15 years.

c) 1) It's a question of finding the right market for a product. People have to expect it, want it, even demand it. 2) It is a sad story because it involves an outflow rather than inflow of capital into the country. 3) Most companies that deal with products, however, think it wise to select a trade name and try to make it known. It is wise to pick a short, easy-to-remember name. 4) When a subcontractor firm accepts the first contract, it gives up its freedom. It is told what to make, when to put it on line, and how much it will get for it on delivery. 5) It is much more wise to allow cash to circulate, either to invest it or to have it in the bank where it makes interest. 6) It was IBM who set the standard for the PC which others later imitated. 7) It is no secret that the gasoline crisis in the capital was due to a sharp reduction in the supplies of crude oil to the refinery- 8) It has been estimated that the North Sea field will supply over 10 per cent of the UK's requirements of oil. 9) Emphasis was laid on technical innovations.

It resulted in a stream of new materials and new techniques. 10) It is important to note that there may be no «one best way»of using these facilities. 11) The EC _wgs founded in 1957 by six European countries. It took another 29 years for 6 more countries to join the original six. 12) The end of the cofd war, it had been assumed, removed a big cause of international disturbance. 13) When it is said that in America all the cultivated land is privately owned, meant are not farmers but landowners.