Типы коммерческих предприятий
There are three main type of businesses:
sole proprietorship, when you go into business alone;
Partnership is an association of two or more people;
Corporation is a group of people authorized to act as an individual.
Sole proprietorship gives the opportunity to be boss, run the business, make the decisions and keep the profits, to start and stop your business whenever you like.
There are some disadvantages of sole proprietorship: you do everything by yourself and have unlimited liability.
Unlimited liability means that you are responsible for all your business debts by your personal assets.
Partnership is an association of two more people. Any business may have the form of partnership: medicine, law, accounting and so on. The main plus of it is more capital, more skills and ideas, you don't need to do everything yourself. But you have unlimited liability, there is more paperwork.
A corporation is a group of persons authorized to act as an individual for business purposes. Owners of corporations are stockholders.
To form a corporation one should apple for a corporate charter. Then owners elect the Board of Directors and choose the officers.
The main advantage of corporation is limited liability. It means that if your corporation does not pay its debts, the creditors cannot get their money from your personal assets. Corporation also is legally separated from its owners.
There are some types of corporation
Public limited corporation.
Private Limited Corporation.
The governmental corporations are non-profit and they do not issue stocks.
Татарстан
Tatarstan was established in May, 1920 on the territory of the former Kazan Province as the Tatar Soviet Socialist Republic. On August 30, 1990 it became the sovereign Republic of Tatarstan.
Tatarstan has an overall area of 67,8 sq.km, its total population exceeds 3,7 million people. It is situated in the Middle Volga region between Central Russia and the Urals.
The territory of Tatarstan if divided into several economic regions.
In the Old Industrial Northwest region with the Kazan - Zelenodolsk as the centre machine-building, instrument-making, chemical and light industry are developed.
In new economic region with Naberezhniye Chelny - Nizhnekamsk automobile and chemical industry and power engineering are developed.
The southeast oil-extracting region.
The north, Central, South and Southwest parts are known as agricultural regions.
Agriculture is one of the important parts in the economy of Republic. About 67% of the Republic's territories are cultivated. More than 15% of economically active population engaged in agriculture sector. Main grain crops are spring wheat, rye, barley, oats. Fodder crops cover 36% of the sowing area.
The main part of foreign trade turnover of Tatarstan belongs to European countries and also Asia. Tatarstan exports oil, petrochemical products, KamAZ trucks and so on.
Казань
Kazan is one of the oldest cities on the Volga River, it is a city of more than one million people (It is situated exactly halfway along the Volga). The first mention of Kazan dates bank to the 12th century, it was founded in 1177 by Bulgars.
Kazan is known as scientific and cultural centre because of its university and other higher educational establishments, due to the quantity of theatres, cinemas, and other great scientists.
Kazan University made great contribution to the science due to the efforts of Lobachevski, Bechterev, Arbusov, Mislavski and other great scientists.
As Kazan is the cultural centre many signers and performers from our country and abroad take part in festivals of the city.
There are great number of sport objects in Kazan, such as Palace of Sport, Ice Palace, Central Stadium and so on. To the list of sightseeing can be included the Kazan Kremlin, with its Spassky Tower and Syumbike Tower, there is also huge number of different monument for Vachitov, for example.