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Nutrition

1. The nutrition science investigates the metabolicand physiological responses of the body to diet. The advances in the fields ofmolecular biology,biochemistry, andgenetics, made a great contribution to the further development of the nutrition science.

2. Nutrition begins with food. It is the process by which the human bodynourishes itself by transforming food into energy and body tissues. The science of nutrition concerns everything the body does with food to carry out its functions. Food provides essential substances called nutrients. The body needs these nutrients to help it make energy; growth and maintenance.

3.The human bodycontainschemical compounds, such aswater,carbohydrates(sugar, starch, andfiber),amino acids(inproteins),fatty acids(inlipids), andnucleic acids. These compounds in turn¹ consist of elementssuch ascarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,phosphorus,calcium,iron,zinc,magnesium,manganese, and so on. All of these chemical compounds and elements occur in various forms and combinations, both in thehuman bodyand in the plant and animal organisms.

4. Protein is an important component of every cell in the body and the body uses protein to build and repair tissues. Protein is also an essential building block of bones, muscles, skin, and blood. The protein requirement for each individual differs; there is an opinion that physically active people require more protein. The best-known role of proteins in the cell is to catalyzechemical reactions. The proteins to be used for life support serve as a fuel and are particularly important understarvationconditions. Amino acids are an important dietary source ofnitrogen.

5. Nitrogen is a common element in the atmosphereand it exists in a state that is not usable by most living organisms², certain fungi and bacteria are able to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form plants can adsorb and utilize. Nitrogen is needed by animals to build proteins.

6. In other words³ the human body consists of elements and compounds ingested, digested, absorbed, and circulated through the bloodstreamto feed thecellsof the body. One key in understanding nutrition is to know that the foods in our diet provide the energy and nutrition for every single function in our bodies. Another key point in understanding nutrition is to know that foods which are natural are better accepted, absorbed and used by our bodies. Many common health problems can be prevented or alleviated with ahealthy diet.

7. Proper nutrition is very important for the maintenance of health and general wellbeing. The consumption of whole-plant foods results in a more favorable balance of essential nutrients per Calorie, in better management of cell growth, maintenance, and cell division, as well as better regulation of appetite and blood sugar.

8. People try to get more knowledge about healthy way and quality of life and various sources provide them with the information concerning some interesting theories and practices.

Пояснения к тексту

1. in turn – в свою очередь

2. to exist in a state that is not usable by living organisms – существовать в состоянии недоступном для живых организмов

3. in other words – другими словами

Задание 1. Определите основную идею текста:

The text deals with…

Варианты ответов:

а) the author’s interest in the development of the nutrition science;

b) the concept of proper nutrition;

c) the information about chemical compoundsof the human body;

d) the problems of understanding nutrition

Задание 2. Ответьте на вопросы в соответствии с содержанием текста:

a) What is the process of nutrition?

b) What does the science of nutrition concern with?

c) What chemical compounds does human body contain?

d) What functions does protein carry out?

e) What are the key points in the understanding nutrition?

Задание 3. Переведите 7-ой и 8-ой абзацы текста, определяя в каждом предложении подлежащее и сказуемое.

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