VII. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Как долго профессор читает лекцию? – Он читает лекцию уже два часа.
2. Что ты будешь делать завтра в 10 часов утра? – Я буду работать над курсовой по операционным системам.
3. Когда вы пришли, компьютер уже загрузил программу.
4. Б. Паскаль построил вычислительную машину в 1642 году в возрасте 19 лет.
5. Персональный компьютер помогает выполнять сложные вычисления, создает большие банки данных, обучает студентов по многим предметам.
6. К 12 часам я сдам экзамен по информатике и буду свободен.
7. Компьютер прекращает работу, если в программе есть ошибка.
8. Что ты читал, когда я видел тебя вчера в читальном зале? – Яготовился к экзамену по языкам программирования.
Section CReading
I. What purpose are cd-roMs mainly used for? Look through paragraph 1 to prove your idea.
II. Skim paragraph 2 and describe how the process of writing is performed in magneto-optical disks.
III. Study the following words and word combinations and make sure you know their translations. Use a specialized dictionary in case of any difficulties.
CD-ROM (compact disk read-only memory)
stamping machine
to track
pit
photocell
reference work
multimedia format
WORM (write-once read-many)
laser beam
IV. Give the translation of the following abbreviations and translate them into Russian.
ROM, SRAM, VSLI, EAROM, RAM, ALU, DRAM, EPROM
V. State the type of word-building of the following words and translate them into Russian.
rewritten, digitally, rewritable, relatively, combination, impossible, magnetization
VI. Read the text attentively and name the differences between optical and magneto-optical disks.
|
5
10
15
20
|
In one type of optical disk, the CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory), digital data is stored as a pattern of tiny pits on a compact disc by the heat of a high-power laser beam or by a stamping machine. Once the information is stored, it can be read but cannot be rewritten. For reading, the digitally coded data are tracked by a low-power optical laser scanner; variations in the intensity of laser light reflected from the pits are detected by a photocell that converts them into electric signals. Because they are not rewritable, CD-ROMs are used to distribute relatively static data, for example in encyclopedias and other reference works, and their large capacity makes them ideal for combinations of text with audio and graphics or other multimedia formats. WORM (write-once read-many) is a variation of CD-ROM that allows a user to write information on each disk only once, with subsequent erasure impossible.
In magneto-optical disks, which can be erased and rewritten, information is written into or read from the disk by means of the magnetic properties of spots on its surface. In reading, spots with different directions of magnetization give different polarization in the reflected light of a low-power laser beam. In the writing process, which erases all previous information, every spot on the disk is heated by a strong laser beam and is then cooled under a magnetic field. Thus every spot is magnetized in one direction; in other words, every spot stores 0. Then, reversing the direction of the magnetic field, only desired spots are magnetized in the opposite direction by a strong laser beam, storing 1.
|
