15. An American Writer

Theodore Dreiser is a famous American writer and publicist. He was born in 1871 in the state of Indiana. He was the 12th child in the family. His mother came from the family of Czech immigrants and his father came to America from Germany and was a factory worker. Since his early childhood the boy knew what poverty was. In 1887 he moved to Chicago where he worked in restaurants washing dishes and cleaning. For a short period of time he studied at the University of Indiana. Working at the newspaper “Chicago Daily Globe” he started to publish his first sketches and stories.

His first novel “Sister Carrie” is a story about real life. One of his elder sisters, Emma, was the main character of the novel. The story about the girl, who became an actress at a high price of losing her best human qualities was considered to be immoral by critics. The feature of American literature that struck Dreiser most of all was the contradiction between the real life and the life described in literary works. That is why Dreiser’s works always depicted the life of common people, the cruelty of their existence in American society. His novel “An American Tragedy” was the sign of critical realism in the American literature of the 20th century. In his three novels “The Financier”, “The Titan”, and “The Stoic” Dreiser described the life of financier Cauperwood. He is not only a cruel American businessman, a person without “soul and heart”, but a very tragic figure. Having an extraordinary personality, he can’t fully realize himself in American society. His love of arts, his unusual talent stay deep inside him.

From the first pages I fell in love with this vigorous man full of life. In the first book it was represented to me by an ideal. it purposeful, true to the word, cunning, clever, beautiful. It isn't similar to other prudent bankers and bosses of the city. Frenk is able to love, appreciate beauty. The second book shows the main part his life, character is already created, it is necessary to operate only. The third book was some shock for me. It would not be desirable to believe that life каупервуда comes to an end, and comes to an end exactly so. but such is a plan of the author. it is necessary to show that everything isn't important in this world, except love and spiritual proximity. I read this book not once.

In 1928 Dreiser came to Russia, as he was always interested in the country and especially its literature. The works of Tolstoy and Dostoyevskyi influenced his creative work. Till nowadays Dreiser remains the largest master of realistic American literature of the 20th century.

16. Alan Alexander Milne— the English writer. Kilburn was born on January 18 1882 in the London area. He studied at the small private school his father, John Milne was which owner. Herbert Wells was one of his teachers. Milne married on Dorothy de Selinkurt, in 1920 they gave birth to the unique son — Christopher Robin Milne. For the son Milne also started to invent stories about Winnie-the-Pooh. Then Christopher Robin had new toys: a burro of News agency, a pig Piglet - all heroes of future book. But the most remarkable there was after all a Winnie-the-Pooh. The book made by the order and written at once, suddenly, for eleven days in a small summer lodge, made deafening success. In 1928 there was a continuation of stories about Winnie-the-Pooh. Before issue of books about Winnie-the-Pooh Milne already was the quite famous playwright, however Winnie-the-Pooh success got such scales that Milne's other works are now almost unknown.

Zakhoder's transfer contains directly Toy Store, at it it turned out to translate the English author's fairy tale in such a manner that we, taking in hands the book "Winnie-the-Pooh and All, All, All", we read native, instead of the foreign and unclear fairy tale. Though, undoubtedly, in it there were lines of the original. But meanwhile Zakhoder even in trifles tried to make the fairy tale clear to children. His heroes bear the names sounding diminutive ласкательно (Piglet, the Rabbit, Kroshka Ru), among the wood at it suddenly appear native to us a birch, a juniper and a pine. Zakhoder so feels children's language that its transfer contains truly children's words and puns («бумкать» instead of «to bang a nape», "iskpeditsiya" instead of "expedition"). Its text is supplied with a large quantity звукописи. Small songs of Milnovsky Down become vorchalka, gremelka, sopelka, and they contain various combinations of vowels to deaf concordants and a sound of "R", songs remind children's rhymings-schitalki which are easily remembered.

Zakhoder best of all than other translators transferred author's humour in spite of the fact that its option is retelling. The author writes: «…. First of all, it was necessary to understand heroes of the fairy tale. Who such these toys and animals where their fantastic charm why they cause in people – in particular roots, at me – love at first sight». With the same love and attention Zakhoder and treated book creation.

Zakhoder at the center put creation of the magic, kind fairy tale for children.