Auditory Association Area

In one hemisphere (usually the left),

the auditory association areas lies in the center of Wernicke’s area

This functional area is involved in recognizing and

understanding spoken words

Auditory Association Area

Damage to Wernicke’s area interferes with the ability to comprehend speech

Vestibular (equilibrium) Cortex

The cortex is responsible for conscious aware­ ness of the sense of balance; specifically the position of the head in space

Recent studies have placed this region in the posterior insula deep in the lateral sulcus

Olfactory Area

The primary olfactory cortex lie on the medial aspects of the cerebrum in a small region called the piriform lobe of which the hook­like uncus is the dominant feature

Olfactory Area

The olfactory nerves (Cranial nerve I) from the nasal cavity transmit impulses that are ultimately relayed to the olfactory cortex

The outcome is conscious awareness of smells

Olfactory Area

The olfactory cortex is part of a brain area called the rhinencephalon (nose brain) which includes all parts of the cerebrum that directly receive olfactory signals

Olfactory Area

The piriform lobe, the olfactory tract, the olfactory bulb, and some nearby structures are all components of the rhinencephalon

Olfactory Area

The rhinencephalon connects to the brain area that is involved in emotions, the limbic system, which explains why smells often trigger emotions

Olfactory Area

Part of the frontal lobe, the orbitofrontal cortex, is involved in higher­order processing of smells

Consciously identifying and recalling specific odors and telling different smells apart