III. Independent Work: From the History of Medicine

Exercise 1. Read the text and translate it.

From the History of Medicine

The search for health is as old as the history of mankind.

In Babylon it was a custom to show the sick in the streets, so that passers-by could say how to treat the sick from their own experience. It was not allowed to pass a sick man in silence.

A papyrus was found dating back to 1600 B.C. about surgery and treatment of wounds. Then another papyrus was found with about 900 prescriptions, some of these prescriptions are used by doctors today. People learn much from Egyptian manuscripts and from embalmed bodies. Examination of some of these bodies showed many interesting facts. For example people of those times knew such diseases as rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis and appendicitis.

Notes:

search [S3:tf] пошук custom ['kAstsm] звичай passers-by [ pa:sszbai] перехожі

Papyrus [pa paisres] папірус B.C. ['bi:'si:] (Before Christ) до нашої ери manuscript ['meenjuskript] манускрипт, рукопис embalmed [im'ba:md] забальзамований

Exercise 2. Answer the questions.

1. What was the custom in Babylon?

2. What did passers-by have to do when they passed a sick man?

3. What papyrus was found dating back to 1600 B.C.?

4. What did people learn from Egyptian manuscripts and embalmed bodies?

Exercise 3. Name all the diseases you know.

Exercise 4. What famous names in the history of medicine do you know? The text below will give you some more information.

Clinical medicine and health protection greatly developed in Roman times. The name of Galen is widely known. Galen worked first as a surgeon at a school for gladiators. He went to Rome when he had much practice, but he continued to experiment on living animals, especially apes and pigs.

The Roman army had a well-organized service of surgeons. The gladiators school was an ideal school for training in surgery.

Notes:

protection [pro'tekjn] охорона Roman ['гзотзп] римський

surgeon ['s3:03sn] хірург

gladiator ['gleedieitg] гладіатор аре [eip] людиноподібна мавпа

service ['s3:vis] служба

training ['treinirj] тренування; підготовка; навчання

develop [di'vebp] розвивати

organize ['o:ganaiz] організовувати

Galen ['geilin] Гален (давньогрецький лікар, анатом,

фізіолог)

LESSON TWENTY-TWO

I	Speaking	Things for Nursing
II	Grammar Suffixes Prefixes	1. Дієслово у Past Perfect (§66). 2. Складнопідрядні додаткові речення (§67).(n.) -ness post-, pre-, re-, extra-
III	Independent Work	Medicine

I. Speaking: Things for Nursing

Exercise 1. Phonetic reading. Read and translate the following words and word combinations.

A headache: to have a headache, to have a bad headache, to complain of a headache, to suffer from a headache.

A sore throat: to have a sore throat, to suffer from a sore throat, to gargle the throat. A pulse: to feel one's pulse, his pulse is normal, her pulse was abnormal. To catch (caught, caught): to catch a cold, to catch a bad cold, she caught a severe cold. To sneeze: to be sneezing, he's sneezing, why are you sneezing?

To cause [ko:z] - викликати, спричиняти: to cause pain, to cause a complication, to cause a serious complication, what caused these complications?

Cough: to cough, to be coughing, I'm coughing, to have a bad (dry) cough.

Fever [fi:v9]: a bad fever, to keep the fever down, to have a bad fever, I am feverish.

Exercise 2. Read and learn the following words, air-ring fesrirj] надувний круг для профілактики пролежнів e.g. She gave him an air-ring, bedpan ['bedpasn] підкладне судно e.g. The bedpan is under the bed. compress ['kDmpres] компрес dressing ['dresirj] пов'язка bandage ['basndicfj] бинт: бинтувати

e.g. The nurse puts on a dressing with bandages and applies warm compresses on the bruised places.

cups [kAps] банки

e.g. His mother applied cups on his chest.

dropping bottle/medicine bottle пляшечка з кришкою-дозатором enema ['enima] клізма

e.g. The patient needs a cleansing (очисну) enema.

feeding cup - напувальник

e.g. Give the patient some tea using a feeding cup.

hot-water bag (bottle) - грілка

ice bag - міхур з льодом

e.g. Put an ice bag on the head and a hot-water bottle on the feet.

wheelchair ['wi:l_rtfE3] крісло на колесах (для хворих); крісло-каталка pipette - піпетка

e.g. You can put these drops into your eyes with a pipette, mustard plaster ['ma:st3d pla:st3] гірчичник sticking plaster - лейкопластир soap - мило; милити

e.g. You must soap your hands with the green soap.

syringe ['sirinctj] шприц

e.g. Give me a single-use syringe, please.

scissors ['si:zsz] ножиці

e.g. Cut the bandage with scissors.

thermometer [бз'тзотйз] термометр

basin ['beisn] таз, миска

sponge [spAnchj] губка

stretcher ['stretfs] ноші

Exercise 3. Learn the following word combinations.

bed patient - лежачий хворий

to give smth to smb - дати щось комусь

to take smth away from smb - забрати щось у когось

to apply a cold (warm, hot) compress on - покласти холодний (теплий, гарячий) компрес на to put drops (in) - крапати краплі

to give a warm (cleansing, medicinal) enema - зробити теплу (очисну, лікувальну) клізму to fill an ice bag with ice наповнити міхур льодом to change ice in the ice bag - замінити лід у міхурі

to take a patient in a wheelchair to the ward - відвезти хворого у кріслі-каталці в палату a bar of soap - брусок мила

to put (read, shake) a thermometer - поставити (подивитись показники, збити) термометр

to take a thermometer out - забрати термометр

to bring a basin for washing - принести миску для вмивання

to wash with a sponge - обмити губкою

to be on a stretcher - бути на ношах

to carry a patient on a stretcher - нести хворого на ношах

Exercise 4. Choose the correct sentence.

1. The nurse gives injections. The nurse makes injections. The nurse does injections.

2. I apply cups and mustard plasters on the back. I give cups and mustard plasters on the back.

I take cups and mustard plasters on the back

3. They carry a patient on a wheeled bed. They bring a patient on a wheeled bed. They take a patient on a wheeled bed.

4. She puts a thermometer and reads it. She takes a thermometer out and reads it. She shakes a thermometer and reads it.

Exercise 6. Read and act out the dialogs.

Exercise 5. Make up correct sentences using the table.

You	apply	the patient 10 drops.
I	applies	the patient on a stretcher.
The nurse	give	cups and mustard plasters.
The doctor	gives	him in a wheelchair.
The patient	take	an injection with a syringe.
	takes	an ice bag with ice.
	drops	her a medicinal enema.
	fills	a bandage with scissors.
	cuts	the thermometer.
	shakes	his face and hands.
	carry	water in a hot-water bag.
	change	a thermometer out.
	washes	a cold compress on the bruise.
	make	on a stretcher.
	is	a single syringe.

N.: Good morning! P.: Good morning!

N.: It's time to take your temperature. Put the thermometer under your armpit. P.: Left or right?

N.: It doesn't matter. (In 3 minutes.) Give me your thermometer, please. I want to read it.

P.: What's the temperature today?

N.: It's normal. Thirty-six point six. That' all right.

P.: Thank you.

N.: Please, let me take the hot-water bag. P.: Don't change water in it, please.

N.: But the doctor said that water had to be cold all the time. P.: But my liver hurts me very much.

N.: I'll put an ice bag on your right side, the ice will relieve the pain. P.: Thank you.

Exercise 7. Complete the text. Translate the endings of the sentences into English. Retell the text.

The work of a nurse в лікарні дуже важка. The nurse must виконувати всі вказівки лікаря. She must доглядати хворих удень і вночі. In the morning the nurse міряє температуру пацієнтам, дає необхідні ліки, робить ін'єкції. She takes special care of лежачих хворих. She helps to wash їхнє обличчя і руки губкою. She changes their простирадла і shakes the pillows. When doctors come, the nurse розповідає їм про стан пацієнтів. She helps the doctors to оглядати пацієнтів і записує нові призначення лікаря. During all day the nurse is busy, she змінює пов'язки, робить ін'єкції, закапує очі (вуха) пацієнтів піпеткою, робить бинтові пов'язки, ставить банки, компреси і гірчичники, робить клізми, ставить міхури з льодом і

грілки, приносить і забирає судна у лежачих хворих, допомагає годувати лежачих хворих напувальником.

In the evening the nurse знову міряє температуру пацієнтів і записує її в їх температурні листи, виконує всі вказівки лікарів.

At work the nurse watches over her patients' health with great attention. She is responsible for їх життя.

Exercise 8. Answer the questions.

1. What are the means of nursing?

2. What things for nursing do you know?

3. What are the necessary nursing things for bed patients?

4. What things for dressings can you name?

5. How do nurses transport bed patients?

Exercise 9. Communicative situations.

1. You are a ward nurse. What are your duties in the morning?

2. Name all the things for nursing. Explain what they are used for.