In class:

to read, to retell, to write, to translate, to ask, to answer, to have a dictation. At home:

usually, to speak Ukrainian, to do home tasks, to copy out new words, often, to read books.

Exercise 6. Pay attention to the suffixes, indicate the parts of speech of the words.

Scientist, presentation, clinical, journalist, medical, prescription, problematic, direction, scientific, biologist, biological, internal, external, abdominal, dictation.

III. Independent Work: From the History of Anatomy

Exersice 1. Read the text.

Some Notes from the History of Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy as an independent science dates from the 16^th century. Its founder was Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564) who dissected¹ numerous human corpses² and studied the structure of the human body. His studies were summarized in the outstanding scientific work The Structure of the Human Body which was highly praised³ by Academician LP. Pavlov.

Physiology as an independent science was founded in the 17"¹ century. Its foundation is connected with the name of William Harvey (1578-1657), the English physician⁴ who discovered blood circulation⁵.

In the 19^th and 20^th centuries great advances in various branches of medicine, physiology in particular, were wade. These advances are in large measure due to contributions⁶ of Russian scientists.

The first medical school in Russia was organized in the middle of the 17^th century. By that time there were Russian manuals containing information on medicine, and anatomy was studied from skeletons. Regular training of medical workers, some of whom subsequently became outstanding scientists, began in the 18^th century (during the reign of Peter I). Brilliant Russian scientist M. Lomonosov made a great contribution to the development of natural science and medicine in Russia. As a result of his efforts the first Russian University with a school of medicine was opened in Moscow. Lomonosov's works had a direct bearing on physiology.

In the 19^th century many Russian scientists worked in the fields of anatomy and physiology. The works of PA. Zagorsky, I. V. Buyalsky and M.I. Pyrohov influenced greatly the development of Russian anatomy.

P.A. Zagorsky (1764-1846), Professor of anatomy and physiology, studied the vascular⁷ system. He wrote a textbook of anatomy in Russian and his pupils were the first Russian anatomists. One of them was I.V. Buyalsky (1789-1866), the author of numerous works on anatomy and surgery. Buyalsky's most important contribution was that his works demonstrated the great importance of anatomy to practical surgery.

Brilliant Russian scientist M.I. Pyrohov (1810-1881) studied surgery, anatomy and other branches of medicine. He introduced a new method of anatomy by anatomical research⁸. He set out the fundamentals of topographic⁹ anatomy by this method. One of his best-known works on anatomy is the book called Surgical Anatomy of the Vascular Trunks and Fasciae. His work emphasizes¹⁰ the importance of anatomy to practical medicine, especially surgery.

Notes:

¹ dissect [di'sekt] розтинати

² corpse [ko:ps] труп

³ praise [preiz] схвалювати

⁴ physician [fi'zijsn] лікар

⁵ blood circulation - кровообіг

⁶ contribution [ksntri'bjuijh] внесок

⁷ vascular ['vaeskju:ta] судинний

⁸ research [ri's3:tf] дослідження

⁹ topographic [rops'graefik] топографічний

¹⁽¹ emphasize ['emfbsaiz] (тут) підкреслювати

Exercise 2. Find sentences about the development of Anatomy and Physiology.

Exercise 3. Collect information about the role of M. Lomonosov in the development of medicine.

Exercise 4. Find English equivalents in the text.

1. Постійна підготовка медпрацівників (деякі з них стали потім видатними вченими) почалася у XVIII столітті. 2. У розвиток анатомії в Росії великий внесок зробили роботи П.А. Загорського, І.В. Буяльського, М.І. Пирогова. 3. М.І. Пирогов вперше застосував цей метод анатомічного дослідження. 4. Виникнення фізіології пов'язане з іменем Вільяма Гарвея.

LESSON EIGHT

I	Speaking	Skeleton
II	Grammar	1. Слова-замінники іменника (§24). 2. Третя особа однини дієслова у Present Indefinite (§25). 3. Прислівники неозначеного часу (§26). 4. Спеціальне питання до підмета та його означення (§27)
	Suffixes	(adv.) -1у
III	Independent Work	Indoor Activities or Home Interests