4. Use the texts and consult a collocations dictionary to complete the word maps below with collocations for the words ‘pollution’, ‘harm’ and ‘waste’.

Example: collocations for the word ‘pollution’

noun + noun collocations: air pollution

pollution level

verb + noun collocations: cut pollution

A.

B.

C.

5. Fill in the gaps in the text with suitable words: Top 5 Environmental Issues in Australia

1. ____________________ Of all of the environmental issues facing Australia, the loss of our nation's old growth forests are by far the most troubling. At the same time, the issue of unchecked 2._______________ is probably the one issue that we as Australian citizens can most easily 3._____________ by pressuring our government to take the necessary steps to 4.___________ the 5._______________ of our nation's natural 6._______________ in its tracks. Coal Energy In Australia, coal mining continues to be one of the most 7. ____________________ environmental issues in our country. While many environmentalists point out the contributions that coal burning makes to global 8. ________________, it is difficult to ignore the fact that coal based energy is currently a major part of Australia's energy infrastructure. Air Quality  Like most of the modern world, air quality in urban areas is affected by a variety of influences to include automobile 9. __________, industrial 10. ___________ and byproducts of the production of herbicides and pesticides.  Climate 11. _______________  Recent studies have shown that our planet's environment is warming at a much more alarming rate than scientists had initially predicted, and the dangers that 12.______________ sea levels pose to the Australian coast could prove to be 13._______________- if current global 14.______________ trends continue.  Water Security  The continent of Australia is second only to Antartica in terms of scarcity of water, and irrigation and other water conservation issues have plagued our nation since it was founded. But increased pressures on the water 15.___________- by population growth and potential climate 16. _________- have tipped the scales to critical mass. It is time for the nation to recognise the 17. __________ effects of unchecked irrigation.

/Adapted from http://society.ezineseeker.com/top-5-environmental-issues-in-australia-14918fd5f7.html/

Speaking Describing an Ecological Issue

Complete the graph for each ecological problem mentioned in the text. Be ready to comment on the causes of the problems, their effects and possible solutions.

Writing Survey

‘Public opinion on environmental action and environmental policy’

1. Discuss the following questions with your partner:

1. What is the level of pollution in your city?

2. What is done to reduce pollution at the governmental level? By local authorities?

3. What is your attitude to the measures taken? How efficient are they?

4. What are you ready to sacrifice to decrease the level of pollution in your native city? Will other people follow your example?

2. Analyse the findings of the report gathered together from two national telephone surveys and prepare an oral presentation of your analysis.

Sex Household income

<$20,000	16%
$20,000 - $29,999	12%
$30,000 - $39,999	7 %
$40,000 - $49,999	9 %
$50,000+	42%
$75,000+	24%

Male 48%

Female 52%

Age

18-24	13%
25-34	18%
35-49	26%
50-64	24%
65+	16 %

3. Write a report based on the survey from Task 2.

Grammar revision Means of Expressing Future

1. Check what you already know about means of expressing future in English. Put the verb in brackets in the right future form (will, shall, going to or present continuous). Sometimes more than one form is possible.

1. A It's freezing in here!

В ___________ I ___________ the window? (close)

2. The sky is really clear! I'm sure it ___________ a lovely day tomorrow. (be)

3. A Do you think it ___________ while we're in London? (rain)

В I don't know, but I ___________ my umbrella just in case. I've already put it in my case. (take)

4. A ___________ we ___________ lunch in the garden? (have)

В I'm not sure if it's warm enough. What do you think?

A I think it's fine. I ___________ the table outside. (lay)

5. A What time ___________ you ___________? (leave)

В Soon, in about ten minutes. It's very foggy, but don't worry. I ___________ (drive) really slowly, I promise. And I'm sure there ___________ too much traffic. (not be)

2. Compare your answers with a partner.

Grammar presentation Future perfect and future continuous

1. What can you see in the photo? Why may you not be able to see this in the future?

2. Read some of the predictions scientists are making about climate change and complete them with a word from the list below.

become closed down doubled having (x2) melted risen (x3) suffering