- •U n I t 2
- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •2. Read the following words. Mind the difference in pronunciation.
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •II. Give the corresponding nouns to the following verbs:
- •VII. Give the characteristic of Ukraine’s economy today
- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Comments
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •2. Name the word-building elements (suffixes, prefixes) and
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •II. Substitute the words in bold type by their synonyms:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •IV. Say whether these statements are true or false and if they are
- •V. Match each term in Column a with its definition in Column b:
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Match each branch of industry with its production:
- •IX. Give the characteristic of Ukraine’s industry using
- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Define the parts of speech of the following words:
- •II. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for the following words and
- •V. Memorize the meanings of the word «agriculture» and its derivatives. Translate the sentences paying attention
- •VI. Complete the following sentences:
- •Communicative situations
- •Grammar exercises The Present Indefinite Tense
- •I. Put the following sentences into the singular:
- •IV. Use always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely and never
- •XIII. Replace the Infinitives in brackets by the Present Indefinite.
- •The Pronoun: Personal and Possessive
- •XIV. Choose the correct pronouns in italics:
- •XVI. Choose the correct pronouns in italics:
- •XVII. Paraphrase the following sentences:
- •XVIII. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •Exercises for individual work
- •I. Insert the auxiliary verbs:
- •II. Ask questions indicated in brackets:
- •III. Translate the pronouns in brackets into English:
- •IV. Replace the italicized nouns by the personal pronouns:
- •V. Insert possessive pronouns:
U n I t 2
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TOPIC: ECONOMY of UKRAINE TEXT A TEXT B TEXT C TEXT D GRAMMAR: The Present Indefinite Tense The Pronoun: Personal and Possessive Word Order in the Simple Declarative Sentence |
Reading drills
1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
a) stress the first syllable:
nation, wide, territory, country, former, chemical, agriculture, function, decade, aggregate, national, system, link, management, product, cycle, clearly, border, gross, monetary, credit, break, crisis, index, negative, rate, sign, branch, reason, price, power, carrier, government, stimulus;
b) stress the second syllable:
declare, formation, inflation, confirm, industrial, potential, traditional, financial, political, domestic, republic, dynamic, metallurgy, machine-building, production, productive, economy, co-operate, technology, inherit, dependence, suffice, emergence, development, appear, reform, reorganize, restore, effective;
c) stress the third syllable:
independent, referendum, economic, predetermine, realization;
d) stress the fourth syllable:
stabilization, privatization.
2. Read the following words. Mind the difference in pronunciation.
Translate the words:
a) produce — to produce; transport — to transport; object — to object; process — to process; decrease — to decrease; increase — to increase; progress — to progress; record — to record; import — to import; export — to export;
b) formation — to form; graduate — to graduate; finance — to finance; unity — to unite; tax — taxation — to tax; privatization — to privatize.
Text A
On August 24, 1991 the Verkhovna Rada declared the formation of the Independent Ukrainian State and on December 1991, a nation-wide referendum confirmed the formation of a new large European state.
As to its territory Ukraine is the second largest country in Europe. As to its industrial potential, this is one of the most developed republics of the former Soviet Union with highly developed metallurgy, machine-building, chemical production and agriculture.
The economy of the Soviet Union was functioning for decades as an aggregate national economic system linked by united management, co-operated links1 and applied technologies. This has predetermined the inherited dependence2 of Ukraine on economic ties with former republics of the former Soviet Union. It will suffice to point out that 2/3 of the country’s gross domestic product3 did not have a closed productive cycle4 in Ukraine.
Clearly the emergence5 of political and economic borders in a formerly united economy, the emergence of the national monetary-credit and financial systems6, breaking of the system of traditional economic links have brought the economy of the country to a crisis. Almost all the indices of the economic development have negative dynamics. But the rates of decrease of production are slown down7 and first signs of stabilization appear in a number of branches of economy.
One of the main reasons of inflation are prices for power carriers8 imported from Russia. These prices have increased by hundreds times during the last years. The government of Ukraine sees the way out of the crisis in realization of the programme of economic reforms which would make it possible to reorganize the economy, to change its structure, to carry out9 privatization and to restore stimuli to a highly effective work.