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ɭɱɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɚª © ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɦɟɬɨɞɵɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢª©Ɇɢɪɨɜɚɹɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚª.
Ɇɧɨɝɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ©ȺɉɄɢɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɟ
ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɨª ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤɚɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɸɬ
ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɠɢɡɧɢɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɢɥɨɝɢɫɬɢɤɚɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɬɪɭɞɚɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚ
ɧɚɪɨɞɨɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɟɦɨɝɪɚɮɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɨɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɦɚɪɤɟɬɢɧɝ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬ
ɰɟɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɗɬɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ
ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɜɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ
ɦɧɨɝɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɧɚɭɤɚɦ
ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟ
ɦɧɨɝɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɞɟɬɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɟɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ Ɍɚɤ ɩɨ
ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟ ©ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ ɜ
ɚɝɪɨɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɟ ɢ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɦ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟª Ɉɛɥɚɫɬɢ
ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ©ȺɉɄɢɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɟɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɨªɜɈɛɥɚɫɬɢɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ
© ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɹɦɢª ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɜ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɯ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ
ȼɚɠɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɨɣ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ
©ɉɥɚɧ ɢ ɪɵɧɨɤª ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɚɥɫɹ ɜ ɞɨɪɟɮɨɪɦɟɧɧɵɣ
ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ
ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ȿɋ ɋɚɜɱɟɧɤɨ ȺɎ
ɋɟɪɤɨɜ ɂȽ ɍɲɚɱɟɜ ɢ ɞɪ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵȻɟɥɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹɨɛɥ
ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɸɬɫɹɢɷɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ– ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚɪɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɧɚɩɨɥɟɢɧɚɡɚɜɨɞɟ
ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɟ ©ɩɪɚɜɚ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɬɜɚª ɨɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɪɵɧɤɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɫɵɪɶɹ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɢ
ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ
Ʉ Ɇɚɪɤɫ ɩɢɫɚɥ ɩɥɚɬɶɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɩɥɚɬɶɟɦ
ɬɨɝɞɚ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɨɧɨ ɩɪɨɞɚɧɨ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɢɥɫɹ ɤɪɭɝɨɨɛɨɪɨɬ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɚ ɜ
ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɟ– ɷɬɨɨɛɪɚɡɩɥɚɬɶɹ
31
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ:
1. ɉɚɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ȼȺɄ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ
Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɭɤɢɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ȼɵɫɲɚɹ
ȺɬɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹɄɨɦɢɫɫɢɹɲɢɮɪɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɆ
2. ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ
ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ – Ɇ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɨ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ
ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɎȽȻɇɍ ©Ɋɨɫɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɝɪɨɬɟɯª
2013.
3. Ʉɨɫɨɥɚɩɨɜɚ Ɇȼ ɋɜɨɛɨɞɢɧ ȼȺ Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɣ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɢɤ – Ɇ
©ȾɚɲɤɨɜɢɄª
Ʉɢɪɨɜɚɂȼ
ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɣɩɨɞɯɨɞɤɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ
ȽȻɈɍȼɉɈɆɈ©Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬªɝ Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜ
Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ ɇɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ
ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɟɪɟɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɨɹɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɣ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɍɫɬɨɹɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɧɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬ
ɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ
ɨɫɩɚɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɦ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɩɟɪɟɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɢɹ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯɬɟɨɪɢɣɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɢɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɜɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɢɬɟɪɦɢɧɚ
©ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹª
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ
ɋɥɨɠɢɜɲɢɣɫɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɸ
ɧɚɭɤɢ ɜ ɭɡɤɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɤɚɤ ɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɯ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɯ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ >@ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ
ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɵɡɨɜɵ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɝɨ
ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɤ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɸ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɚ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɢ ɤ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɢ©ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢª
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹɦɟɬɨɞ ɪɟɬɪɨɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ
ɩɟɪɜɵɣɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɤɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢɛɵɥɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɜȾɪɟɜɧɟɦȿɝɢɩɬɟȼVI-
9 ɜɜ ɞɨ ɧɷ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹɚɧɬɢɱɧɵɯ
ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɭɱɧɚɹ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹ
Ɉɫɨɛɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɢɬ
Ƚɟɪɚɤɥɢɬɭ ɋɨɤɪɚɬɭ ɉɥɚɬɨɧɭ ɢ Ⱥɪɢɫɬɨɬɟɥɸɋ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ
ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɤ
ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢɌɚɤ ɜ ;9,-;9,, ɜɜɎȻɷɤɨɧ Ⱦɟɤɚɪɬ Ⱦɠ Ʌɨɤɤɫɬɚɥɢ
32
ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɸɫɬɨɱɤɢɡɪɟɧɢɹɷɦɩɢɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɩɵɬɚɧɨ
ɧɟɦɟɰɤɚɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɹ ɭɠɟ ɜ ;9,,,-;,; ɜɜ ɜɵɹɜɢɥɚ
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ȼ XIX ɜ Ʉ Ɇɚɪɤɫ ɫɬɚɥ
ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɢɤɨ-ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ
ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɢ
ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ȼ ɏɏ ɜ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɟɪɟɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɤ
ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɤ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ
ɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɢ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɬɵɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɢ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɚɤɰɟɧɬɨɜɜ
ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɨɬ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɢɯ
ɭɦɨɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɣɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ
ȼɨɫɶɦɢɞɟɫɹɬɵɟɝɨɞɵ ɏɏ ɜɨɡɧɚɦɟɧɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɤɪɢɡɢɫɨɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ
ɨɧɚ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɇɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ
ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɣ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɛɟɡ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɂɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ
ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢɦɨɠɧɨɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɢɬɶɜɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɝɪɭɩɩɫɨɞɧɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ
ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ > @ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ - ɤɚɤ ɧɚɭɱɧɚɹ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹ > @ ɬɪɟɬɢɣ
ɩɨɞɯɨɞɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɸɤɚɤɧɟɤɢɣɜɢɞɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ>@
ȼɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɬɪɢɭɪɨɜɧɹ
1. Ɏɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɭɸ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɸ – ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɵ
ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɢ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɢ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɢɤɢ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɢ
ɛɨɪɶɛɵɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣɡɚɤɨɧɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɜɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ
ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢ
ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɫɬɢ ɇɚ ɷɬɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ
ɢɫɬɨɪɢɡɦɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɫɬɶɩɥɸɪɚɥɢɡɦɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɢɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɫɬɶ
2. Ɉɛɳɟɧɚɭɱɧɭɸɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɸ – ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ
ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜɢɦɟɬɨɞɨɜɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹɜɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɧɚɭɤɚɯɄɨɛɳɟɧɚɭɱɧɵɦ
ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɢɧɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɞɟɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɫɢɧɬɟɡ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ
ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɢɤɚ
ɑɚɫɬɧɭɸ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɸ – ɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ȼɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɨ-ɧɚɭɱɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ
ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɚɭɤɚɯ
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞ
ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹɑɚɫɬɧɨ-ɧɚɭɱɧɵɟɦɟɬɨɞɵɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹɬɨɥɶɤɨɜɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɧɚɭɤɟ
33
ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɜɫɟɛɹ
1. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ
ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵɧɨɪɦɵɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
2. Ʌɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɟɬɨɞɵɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ
3. ȼɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɮɚɡɵɫɬɚɞɢɢɷɬɚɩɵ
Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɢ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ ȼ
ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ
ɂɯɦɨɠɧɨɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɢɬɶɜɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɝɪɭɩɩ
1. ɉɨɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭ
1.1. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɬ ɡɚɤɨɧɵ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ
ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ
1.2. Ɏɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɨɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɫ
ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɢɫɬɢɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ
ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ
2. ɉɨɜɢɞɭɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
2.1. Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
2.2. Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
2.3. Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹɭɱɟɛɧɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
2.4. Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
2.5. Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹɢɝɪɨɜɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
2.6. Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɣɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
2.7. Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
2.8. Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹɪɟɥɢɝɢɨɡɧɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
3. ɉɨɝɥɭɛɢɧɟɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ
3.1. Ⱦɟɫɤɪɢɩɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ - ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɨ
ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ
ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɫɵɥɤɚɯ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɯɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ
3.2. ɇɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɚɹɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ- ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ
ɢ ɷɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ
ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɨɛɴɟɦɥɸɳɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ
ɧɨɜɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ proin ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ
ɇɗɌɂɊɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ– ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ proin ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɞ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ proin ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɬɶ
34
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɢɤɢ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ
ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜɢɦɟɬɨɞɨɜɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹɰɟɥɢɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɧɚɭɤɢ
ɢɢɥɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɧɚɛɚɡɟproinɝɥɚɜɧɵɦɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɵɦ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ proin ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚɨɬɜɟɱɚɬɶɧɚɜɨɩɪɨɫ- ɤɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨɜ
ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ" Ɉɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɜ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɟɯ
ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ
1. Ʉɬɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ proin)
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ"
2. Ʉɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨproinɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ"
3. Ʉɚɤɢɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ proin ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ"
ɇɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɬɪɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɢ ɭɱɟɧɵɟ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɂɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɬɭɪɨɜɧɹɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
- ɧɚɦɚɤɪɨɭɪɨɜɧɟ– ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
- ɧɚɦɟɡɨɭɪɨɜɧɟ– ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɜɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
- ɧɚɦɢɤɪɨɭɪɨɜɧɟ– ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟɦ
- ɧɚɩɢɤɨɭɪɨɜɧɟ– ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨɦ
Ⱦɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ
ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɭɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɠɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ
ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ
Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬ
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞ ɢɥɢ
ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɨɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɥɢ
ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɞ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɪɹɞɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜɜɧɟɲɧɟɣɫɪɟɞɵɚɬɚɤɠɟɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ
ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚɝɪɭɩɩɵɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɨɜ
ɐɟɥɶɸ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ
ɫɬɚɜɹɬ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ-ɥɢɛɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɇɗɌɂɊ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɨɫɢɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ
ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɝɪɚɞɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɬɪɟɦɫɬɟɩɟɧɹɦ
35
- ɧɚɢɜɵɫɲɚɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ summusproin) – ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ
ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦɢ
- ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɧɚɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ DYHUDJHproin) – ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ ɧɟ ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚ ɧɨ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɯɭɥɭɱɲɢɬɶɟɺɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ
- ɧɢɡɲɚɹɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶORZproin) – ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣɧɟ
ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚ ɢ ɧɟ ɜɥɟɤɭɳɢɯ ɟɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɡ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ
ɧɚɛɨɪɨɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ
ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ
- ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ – ɛɚɡɢɫ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ
ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɢɧɨɪɦɵɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
- ɦɨɞɟɥɢ – ɨɛɳɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɛɚɡɢɪɭɸɳɚɹɫɹɧɚɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯ
- ɦɟɬɨɞɵ – ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɩɨ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɸ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ
ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ
- ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ– ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ
- ɪɟɫɭɪɫɵ – ɧɚɛɨɪ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɦɨɝɭɬɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶɫɹɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɟɦɟɬɨɞɵ
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɣ
ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɤ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ proin ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬ
ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɢ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɦɭ
ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
1. ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɣ ɷɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ – Ɇ Ȼɨɥɶɲɚɹ
ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɚɹɷɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɹ
2. Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɉɂ Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-
ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɉɂɈɛɪɚɡɰɨɜíɋɉɛɉɢɬɟɪ/-
289ɫ
3. Ɉɫɧɨɜɵɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɢɧɚɭɤɢ ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟɩɨɫɨɛɢɟɞɥɹɚɫɩɢɪɚɧɬɨɜ
ȼɉ Ʉɨɯɚɧɨɜɫɤɢɣɢɞɪ– ɂɡɞ-ɟ– ɊɨɫɬɨɜɧȾɎɟɧɢɤɫ– 367c.
4. Ɂɚɝɜɹɡɢɧɫɤɢɣ ȼɂ ɢ ɞɪ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɟ
ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɜɵɫɲɢɯɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ – Ɇ
ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣɰɟɧɬɪ©Ⱥɤɚɞɟɦɢɹª– 243c.
36
5. Ʉɧɹɡɟɜɚ ȼȼ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ – Ɇ
ȼɭɡɨɜɫɤɚɹɤɧɢɝɚ– 393c.
6. Ɇɢɠɟɪɢɤɨɜ ȼȺ ɋɥɨɜɚɪɶ-ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɟ – Ɇ
Ɍɐɋɮɟɪɚ– 204c.
7. Ȼɨɝɨɜɢɡ Ⱥȼ ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɟɜɚ ȿȼ ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜɨɣ
ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ-ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɤɚɤ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɟ Ɇɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵ Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ
ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢɋ-31
8. Ɋɚɝɭɥɢɧɚ ɘ ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɡɧɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ
ɉɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ʋ ɋ-82.
9. Veselovsky M.Y., Gnezdova J.V., Menshikova M.A., Izmailova
M.A., Romanova J.A. FORMATION OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRICES IN THE
VARIOUS INDUSTRIES. International Journal of Applied Engineering
Research. 2015. Ɍʋɋ. 41172.
10.Veselovsky M.Ya., Menshikova M.A. IMPROVEMENT OF
STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR RUSSIAN TIMBER INDUSTRY
BUSINESSES. World Applied Sciences Journal. Ɍ ʋ ɋ
733-737.
11.ɅɟɜɢɰɤɚɹȺȺɈɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨɷɬɚɩɚ
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɪɟɥɢɝɢɨɡɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɍɱɟɧɵɟ
ɡɚɩɢɫɤɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ
Ɍ ʋ 4 ɋ-30.
12.Ȼɭɬɤɨ Ƚɉ Ɇɟɧɶɲɢɤɨɜɚ ɆȺ Ʌɟɜɢɰɤɚɹ ȺȺ
ɂɇɇɈȼȺɐɂɈɇɇɈȿ ɊȺɁȼɂɌɂȿ ȼ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɌȿɅɖɇɈɃ
ɋɂɋɌȿɆȿ ȼ ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɟ ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ ,, Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ
ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɢɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ-ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢɋ-48.
13.ɅɟɜɢɰɤɚɹȺȺɊɟɥɢɝɢɨɡɧɨɟɢɫɜɟɬɫɤɨɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɜɊɨɫɫɢɢ
ɢɫɬɨɪɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ȼ ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɟ Ⱥɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢɡ ɫɟɦɟɣ
ɦɢɝɪɚɧɬɨɜɜɫɨɰɢɨɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɭɸɫɪɟɞɭɫɬɨɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɝɚɩɨɥɢɫɚ. ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤ
ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨ-ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ
Ɇɨɫɤɜɚɋ-128.
37
ɄɭɱɟɪɊɚɞɦɢɥɚȼɚɫɢɥɶɟɜɧɚɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɤɚɤɭɪɫɚɤɚɮɟɞɪɵȾɢɡɚɣɧɚ
ɇɚɭɱɧɵɣɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɏɪɢɫɬɨɮɨɪɨɜɚɂɪɢɧɚȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪɨɜɧɚɞɧɷ
ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɡɚɜɟɞɭɸɳɢɣɤɚɮɟɞɪɵɞɢɡɚɣɧɚ
Ɋɨɥɶɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɢɥɹɜɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢɢɩɪɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢɛɪɟɧɞɚ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ
ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɆɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɣɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ
©ɌɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬªɝɄɨɪɨɥɟɜɆɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɚɹɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ
Kucher Radmila, 2rd year studentof the Department of design
Scientific adviser: Khristoforova Irina, Doctor of Economics,
professor, Headof the Department of design
THE ROLE OF CORPORATE IDENTITY IN SHAPING AND
PROMOTING THE BRAND OF THE EDUCATIONAL
ORGANIZATION
State Educational Institution of Higher Education
Moscow Region «University of technology», Korolev, Moscow region
Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ ȼ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɢ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ
ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ
ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɬɢɥɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɫɬɪɵɦ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ
ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɥɹ - ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ
Ɇɧɨɝɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɟ ɭɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɟɦɭ
ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹɱɬɨɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɢɯɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɢ
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɭɛɵɬɤɚɦ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɭɩɭɳɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɵɝɨɞɵ Ɏɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɵ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬ
ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɷɬɢɤɟɬ Ɏɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ - ɷɬɨ
ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɟɬɶ ɜ ɝɥɚɡɚɯ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ
ɥɸɞɟɣ ɂ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɟ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ - ɷɬɨ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɫ
ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɟɦ
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ Ɋɵɧɨɤ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɥɨɝɨɬɢɩ
ɦɚɪɤɟɬɢɧɝɨɜɵɟɭɫɥɭɝɢɞɢɡɚɣɧ
Annotation: Nowadays in modern market economy and competitive
environment there are a lot of companies even in one country. That's why
it's very significant to all of them to develop their own corporate identity
because it's complicated and continuous process. A lot of companies don't
pay attention to this process so they lose their ability to compete and miss
profits. Corporate identity determines aims of organization, helps to form
corporate etiquette. Corporate identity is a comprehension of how
38
organization looks like for other people. And the last but not least,
corporate identity - is a communication with consumer.
Keywords: The market of educational services, logo, marketing
services, design.
1. ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɥɹ
Ɏɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ - ɷɬɨ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɰɜɟɬɨɜɵɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɫɥɨɜɟɫɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɢɡɚɣɧɟɪɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɜɢɡɭɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɢ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɟɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɭɫɥɭɝ
ɜɫɟɣ ɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɨɬ ɮɢɪɦɵ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɟɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ
ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ
Ɏɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɧɭɠɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ
ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɞɪ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬ
ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɭɡɧɚɜɚɟɦɵɦ ɢ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ
ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɟɦɵɦɂɡ-ɡɚɯɨɪɨɲɟɣɭɡɧɚɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɢɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɩɨɬɪɚɱɟɧɧɵɯɧɚɪɟɤɥɚɦɧɵɟ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɢɢɇɚɥɢɱɢɟɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɫɬɢɥɹɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɪɟɤɥɚɦɵ
ɂɦɟɧɧɨɱɟɪɟɡ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣɫɬɢɥɶɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɭɡɧɚɜɚɧɢɟɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ
ɢɧɨɣ ɮɢɪɦɵ ɧɚ ɪɵɧɤɟ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ
ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɬɨɜɚɪɵ ɢɥɢ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɟ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ
ɮɢɪɦɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɢɯ ɨɬ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɜ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɟɫɥɢ ɭ
ɮɢɪɦɵɧɟɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣɫɬɢɥɶɬɨɢɨɩɨɡɧɚɬɶɟɟɧɚɪɵɧɤɟ
ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɛɵ ɞɟɧɟɝ ɧɢ ɬɪɚɬɢɥɨɫɶ ɧɚ ɪɟɤɥɚɦɭ Ȼɟɡ
ɰɜɟɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɜɟɫɧɨɝɨ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɪɟɤɥɚɦɚ ɮɢɪɦɵ
ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɚ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɢ ɫɚɦ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɨɛɪɟɱɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ
ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɟɦɤɚɤɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɟɞɚɧɧɨɣɮɢɪɦɟ
ɐɟɥɶ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɥɹ - ɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɣ
ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɷɦɨɰɢɢɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟɫɨɰɟɧɤɨɣɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɟɟ
ɛɟɡɭɩɪɟɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɸɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɢ ɫɚɦɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟɨɫɨɛɨɣɭɡɧɚɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɶɸ
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɥɹ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭɟɬ
ɜɵɫɨɤɨɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɢ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɛ
ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɟɝɨɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɚɜɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɜɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɢɢɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɨɧ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɧɚɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹ
ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ - ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɸ
ɛɟɡ ɨɫɨɛɵɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɭɡɧɚɬɶ ɧɭɠɧɵɣ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɮɢɪɦɭ ɭɫɥɭɝɭ ɩɨ
ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢɷɬɨɫɜɨɟɝɨɪɨɞɚ©ɥɢɰɨªɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɟɫɬɚɬɭɫɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢɜ
ɪɹɞɭɟɣɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɯɢɜɬɨɠɟɜɪɟɦɹɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɟɟɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ
ɟɟɫɬɢɥɶ
39
Ⱦɨɜɟɪɢɟ - ɟɫɥɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɶ ɨɞɧɚɠɞɵ ɭɛɟɞɢɥɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ
ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɬɶɫɹɧɚ ɜɫɸ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɭɸɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɸɮɢɪɦɵɄɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ
ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɢɥɹɫɚɦɨɩɨɫɟɛɟɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬɞɨɜɟɪɢɟ
Ɋɟɤɥɚɦɚ - ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɥɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬ
ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɤɥɚɦɵ ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɫɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɥɹ ɮɢɪɦɵ ɫɚɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɪɟɤɥɚɦɨɣ
Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ.
Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɢɥɹ
ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ Ⱦɨɜɟɪɢɟ Ɋɟɤɥɚɦɚ
Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ - Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɢɥɹ
2. ɂɫɬɨɪɢɹɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ
ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɮɢɪɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɜ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɣɪɵɧɨɱɧɨ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɟɳɟ ɫɞɪɟɜɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɜɪɟɦɟɧ ɗɬɢ ɵɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɛɵɥɢ
ɜɧɚɱɚɥɟɩɪɢɦɢɬɢɜɧɵ. Ɍɚɤɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɟɢɫɤɭɫɧɵ ɪɟɦɟɫɥɟɧɧɢɤɢɩɨɦɟɱɚɥɢ
ɫɜɨɸ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɸ ɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɦɤɥɟɣ ɨɦ ɉɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɢ ɨɫɜɟɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɨ
ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɪɟɩɭɬɚɰɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɪɟɦɟɫɥɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ
ɫɬɪɟɦɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢɬɨɜɚɪɵɫ ɢɬɚɤɢɦ ɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ
ȼ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɟ XIX ɜɟɤɚ ɜ ɋɒȺ ɢ ɯɫɬɪɚɧɚ Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ
ɜɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɪɚɫɬɭɳɟɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɹɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢ ɟɞɢɧɨɝɨ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɢɦɨɝɥ
ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ
ɣɰɟɥɟɜɨ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɉɪɢ ɦɷɬɨ
ɩɟɪɜɨɨɱɟɪɟɞɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ
,ɫɚɦɨɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɛɹ ɢɡ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɦɚɫɫɵ
ɯɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɜ>@
ɗɜɨɥɸɰɢɹɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣɩɪɨɲɥɚ ɚɡ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ
ɩɨɥɜɟɤɚɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɬɚɩɵ
ɂɞɟɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɦɚɪɤɟɬɢɧɝɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɫɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɤɸɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɦɚɪɤɢ Ɏɢɪɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ
ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɦɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɣ ɢɞɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ʉɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ
ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬɢɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɸɬ ɸɫɜɨ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
ɇɚɫɦɟɧɭ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɦɚɪɤɢ ɬɩɪɢɯɨɞɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟɢɦɢɞɠɚȼɨɝɥɚɜɭ ɭɝɥɚ
ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɹɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢ ɫɬɚɜɢɬɫɹ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɹ.
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