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Файл:Computers and Automation. Professional Vocabulary Building. Study Guide
.pdf
Career prospects
Read the text and speak about your plans for the future
How are computers used in automation?
Computers are used in industrial automation to control and manage
various manufacturing processes. Industrial automation involves the use
of various hardware and software technologies to automate tasks in a factory,
and computers play a crucial role in this process.
For example, robots can be programmed using computer software
to perform tasks such as assembling parts, painting cars, and packing products. Computer systems can also monitor and control the entire production
process, including managing the movement of materials and finished goods,
monitoring machine performance, and detecting and fixing problems before
they become serious.
In addition, computers can be used to optimize manufacturing processes by analyzing data from sensors, production equipment, and other
sources. This helps to improve efficiency, reduce waste, and increase productivity. Overall, the use of computers in industrial automation helps to make
manufacturing processes more efficient, reliable, and safe.
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U n i t 2 . C O M P U T E R S C I E N C E
https://leverageedublog.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/blog/
wp-content/uploads/2020/06/22210327/BE-Computer-Science.png
Study the glossary
• Computer science: the study of computers and how they work.
• Computers: electronic devices used to store, process, and retrieve
information.
• Problem-solving: using computers to solve problems.
• Information processing: storing and processing information with
computers.
• New technologies: creating new technologies with computers.
• Computer programs: software used to help people do their work
more efficiently.
• Computer systems: computer hardware and software used to store
and process information.
• Computer security: measures taken to protect sensitive information
from being accessed by unauthorized users.
• Daily lives: routines, the ways people typically work, act and think.
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• Communication: the process of verbal and nonverbal interacting
between people.
• Artificial intelligence: the development of intelligent machines that
can learn, reason, and act autonomously.
• Computer game: a computer program providing the game process
with partners or serving as a partner.
• Areas of computer science: different branches of computer science,
including programming, artificial intelligence, computer networks, databases, and human-computer interaction.
• Collaborating: working together with other professionals.
• Programming: writing instructions that can be executed by a computer.
• Neural networks: a type of machine learning algorithm that is mod-
eled like the structure and function of the human brain.
• Career goals: the areas of computer science that align with one’s
career goals.
Computer science is the study of computers and how they work.
Computer science is related to the study of computer technology, its design
and application. It involves understanding how to use computers to solve
problems, store and process information, and create new technologies.
For example, computer scientists might study how to create computer programs that can help people do their work more efficiently, or how
to design computer systems that can protect important information from being accessed by unauthorized users. They also study how to make computers
faster, more powerful, and more secure.
Computer science studies the methods and processes of collecting,
storing, processing, transmitting, analyzing and evaluating information using
computer technologies. Computer science covers computation, information
theory and automation. There are many different areas of computer science,
including programming, artificial intelligence, neural networks, databases,
and human-computer interaction. Each of these areas requires a different set
of skills and knowledge, and computer scientists must choose the right area
to focus on according to their interests and career goals.
In conclusion, computer science is a fascinating field that helps us
understand how computers work and how we can use them to solve problems
and create new technologies. Whether you’re interested in making computers
better, more efficient, or more secure, or in designing new technologies that
change the way we live and work, computer science has something for you.
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Vocabulary exercises
Ex. 1. Answer the questions:
1. What is computer science?
2. What is involved in the study of computer science?
3. What are some examples of what computer scientists might
study?
4. Why is computer science an important field?
5. What are the different areas of computer science?
6. What skills and knowledge are required for each area of computer
science?
7. How do computer scientists choose which area to focus on?
8. What impact do computers have on our daily lives?
9. What is the goal of computer science?
10. Why is computer science a fascinating field?
Ex. 2. Fill in the blanks with the following words: efficiently, many,
artificial intelligence, study, programming, human-computer interaction,
computers.
Computer science is the ________ of computers and how they work.
Computer scientists study how to create computer programs to do work more
__________. Computer science has a big impact on _________ aspects of
our daily lives. There are many areas in computer science, including
________, _________, and __________. In conclusion, computer science is
a fascinating field that helps us understand how_________ work.
Ex. 3. True or false:
1. Computer science is only about programming.
2. Computer science encompasses many areas such as programming,
artificial intelligence, computer networks, databases, and human-computer
interaction.
3. With computer science, you can make your ideas come to life and
make the world a better place.
4. There are few possibilities for what you can create with a computer.
5. With a computer you are able to create your own video game, design a website, or even make a robot.
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Ex. 4. Read and practice the dialogue:
Person A: Hey, have you heard about computer science?
Person B: Yeah, my older brother told me about it. He said it’s all
about coding and building things with computers.
Person A: That’s right! It’s so cool. I want to learn more about it.
Person B: Me too! I heard that you can create your own video games
and websites with computer science.
Person A: Yeah, and you can even use it to solve problems and make
the world a better place.
Person B: That’s amazing! How do you get started with computer
science?
Person A: Well, first you have to learn how to code. There are many
different programming languages you can learn, like Python, Java, and Scratch.
Person B: Scratch? What’s that?
Person A: It’s a language that’s used to make games and animations.
It’s a great place to start because it’s easy to use and there’s a lot of resources
available to help you learn.
Person B: That sounds awesome! I can’t wait to start learning com-
puter science.
Person A: Me too! Let’s find some resources and start learning to-
gether.
Person B: Definitely! I’m sure we’ll be building amazing things
in no time!
Ex. 5. Translate from Russian into English:
Информатика (Computer Science) – это наука, которая изучает
обработку информации в компьютерах и других информационных технологиях. Она включает в себя использование компьютеров и других
устройств для хранения, обработки и передачи информации. Информатика важна, потому что помогает нам общаться, учиться новым вещам
и выполнять задачи быстрее и эффективнее. Это область, которая постоянно меняется и развивается, поэтому всегда есть новые
и захватывающие темы для изучения.
Ex. 6. Choose the correct answer:
1. What is computer science?
a) the study of animals and their habitats;
b) the study of computers and how they work;
c) the study of human behavior.
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2. What do computer scientists study?
a) how to create paintings;
b) how to protect important information from being accessed by
unauthorized users;
c) how to build machines.
3. What is one example of what computer scientists might study?
a) how to create food products;
b) how to make computers slower;
c) how to create computer programs that can help people do their
work more efficiently.
4. What areas does computer science cover?
a) architecture and construction;
b) computation, information theory, and automation;
c) anatomy and physiology.
5. What are some different areas of computer science?
a) physics and chemistry;
b) programming, artificial intelligence, and neural networks;
c) geology and meteorology.
6. Why do computer scientists need to choose the right area to focus on?
a) to be famous;
b) to impress their friends;
c) according to their interests and career goals.
7. What is the importance of computer science?
a) to study the ocean;
b) to understand how to use computers to solve problems and create
new technologies;
c) to learn about the history of art.
Career prospects
Read the text and speak about your plans for the future
What are the duties of a computer scientist?
Computer scientists typically have a range of duties depending on
their specific field of expertise and the industry they work in. Some common
duties of computer scientists may include:
1. Conducting research: computer scientists often research new technologies, methods, and systems to improve existing systems or develop new
ones.
2. Developing algorithms and software: they may design and write
software programs or develop new algorithms to solve complex problems.
3. Testing and debugging: computer scientists also test and debug
software, finding and resolving issues before releasing it to the public.
4. Analyzing data: they analyze data to develop insights and trends
that can be used to improve processes or products.
5. Managing projects: computer scientists often lead or manage
teams working on complex projects, ensuring that the project meets its goals
and deadlines.
6. Collaborating with other professionals: they work with other professionals, such as engineers, programmers, and designers, to develop and
implement new technologies and systems.
7. Teaching and mentoring: computer scientists may also teach and
mentor students, helping to develop the next generation of computer scientists.
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U n i t 3 . C O M P U T E R E N G I N E E R I N G
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/f9/b6/96/f9b696472b36ad353303666475ccc
572.jpg
Study the glossary
• Computer engineering: the study of how computers and technology
work and how to improve them.
• Computers electronics: devices used for storing, processing, and
sharing information.
• Technology: the application of scientific knowledge for practical
purposes, especially in industry.
• Designing: creating a plan or outline for a product.
• Building: constructing a product based on a plan or drawing.
• Testing: evaluating a product to see if it works properly.
• Computer software: programs and applications used to perform
specific tasks on a computer.
• Computer hardware: physical components of a computer, such as
the computer monitor, chip and keyboard.
• Efficient: the ability to complete tasks quickly and with a minimum
of waste.
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• Field: a specific area of study or work.
• Creative thinking: the ability to come up with new and original ideas.
• Technical skills: knowledge and expertise in a specific field, such
as technology.
• Math: a subject that involves the study of numbers, quantities,
and shapes.
• Science: a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge
in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.
• Impact: a significant effect or influence on something.
Computer engineering is the study of how computers and technology
work and how to make them better. It involves designing, building, and testing computers and computer systems. Computer engineering covers
computer networks, electrical engineering, electronics, mobile computing,
software programming. By creating new technologies, computer engineers
can help us solve problems and make our lives more efficient.
Computer engineers might work on creating new computer software
or improving existing software. They might also design and build computer
hardware, such as computer chips or computer keyboards.
Computer engineering is an important and exciting field that combines both creative thinking and technical skills. If you’re interested in
computer engineering, you’ll need to be good at math and science, and enjoy
working with computers and technology.
In conclusion, computer engineering is a great field for individuals
who are interested in computers and technology and want to help make the
world a better place. If you’re interested in computer engineering, you’ll
have the opportunity to use your creativity and technical skills to make a positive impact on the world.
Vocabulary exercises
Ex. 1. Answer the questions:
1. What is computer engineering?
2. What does computer engineering involve?
3. What are some examples of computer engineers’ work?
4. Why is computer engineering important?
5. What kind of personality and skills are required for computer en-
gineering?
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6. What is the significance of computer engineering for individuals
interested in technology and making the world a better place?
Ex. 2. Match the words to their definitions:
1. Computer software
a) The study of numbers and equations
2. Computer engineering
b) The branch of knowledge concerned with
the natural world
3. Design
c) The study of how computers and technology work and how to make them better
4. Computer hardware
d) Special abilities and practices for processes and technologies
5. Test
e) The process of creating a plan for a product
6. Build
f) The physical components of a compute
7. Creative thinking
g) The programs and data used by a computer
8. Science
h) The ability to think imaginatively and
originally
9. Math
i) The act of constructing or making something
10. Technical skills
j) The process of evaluating the quality and
reliability of a product
Ex. 3. Fill the blanks with the following words: technical skills, field,
engineering, solve, computers and technology, study, engineer.
Computer engineering is a _________ of engineering that involves
creating and improving computers and computer systems. Computer engineers use their creativity and _________to make computers work better,
faster, and more efficiently. They make computers that can help
us _________ problems, like finding information for a project, or sending
emails to friends and family. Being a computer _________is a really good
job because it combines using your brain to think creatively and using your
hands to build and design things. So, if you’re interested in _________, and
you enjoy learning new things and solving problems, computer _________
might be a great field for you to explore!
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