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ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɸ ɬɨɝɞɚ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɪɹɞ
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ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
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ɦɨɠɟɬɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɦɨɠɟɬɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ
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ɦɨɠɟɬɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɦɨɠɟɬɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ
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ɧɵ
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ɜɫɟɱɥɟɧɵɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɧɟɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ
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ɋɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɫɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɧɢɠɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɯɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɧɟɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɪɹɞɨɜɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɸɬɫɹɬɚɤɠɟɧɟɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɪɹɞɵɌɚɤɤɚɤɩɨ
ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯɪɹɞɨɜɭɦɧɨɠɟɧɢɟɜɫɟɯɱɥɟɧɨɜɪɹɞɚɧɚ
െɧɟɦɟɧɹɟɬ
ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɬɨ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɜɵɧɟɫɬɢ
ɬɟɥɶɧɵɢ
െɡɚɡɧɚɤɫɭɦɦɵɢɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɧɟɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɪɹɞ
Ɍɟɨɪɟɦɚɩɪɢɡɧɚɤ Ⱦɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚȿɫɥɢ ɭ ɪɹɞɚ
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ɱɥɟɧɵɪɹɞɚɩɨɥɨɠɢ
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ɬɨ ɪɹɞ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɜ
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ɫɥɭɱɚɟɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɚɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɟɞɢɧɢɰɟɨɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɚɧɢɱɟɝɨɫɤɚɡɚɬɶɧɟɥɶɡɹ
ɉɪɢɡɧɚɤȾɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚɭɞɨɛɧɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɩɪɢɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɟɫɥɢ
ɨɛɳɢɣɱɥɟɧɪɹɞɚɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɮɚɤɬɨɪɢɚɥɢɥɢ
nɭɸɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ
ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚȾɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚɜɞɪɭɝɨɦɜɢɞɟ
Ɍɟɨɪɟɦɚȿɫɥɢɭɪɹɞɚ
ɚ
ɟɫɥɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɱɢɫɥɨ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹɧɟɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɨ
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ɢɧɨɦɟɪm ɬɚɤɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ mn t
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ɬɨɪɹɞɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
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ɟɫɥɢɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬɧɨɦɟɪ m ɬɚɤɨɣ ɱɬɨɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ mn t ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹɧɟ
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ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɨ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɪɹɞɚ
ɬɨɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
t
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f
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n
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɹɞ ɛɭɞɟɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭ
ȾɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚɌɚɤɤɚɤ
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n
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fo
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u
ɢ
n
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Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɦɟɧɶɲɟɟɞɢɧɢɰɵɡɧɚɱɢɬɪɹɞɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
Ɉɬɜɟɬɪɹɞɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
f
n
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n
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ɉɪɢɦɟɪɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɪɹɞɚ
ɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɌɚɤɤɚɤ
u
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fo
n
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u
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Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɛɨɥɶɲɟɟɞɢɧɢɰɵɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
Ɉɬɜɟɬɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
f
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɪɹɞɚ
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ɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɂɡɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚȾɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚɜɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨɣɮɨɪɦɟɬɟɨɪɟɦɚɧɢɱɟɝɨ
u
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ɧɟɥɶɡɹɫɤɚɡɚɬɶɨɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɪɹɞɚɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ
fo
n
ȼɬɨɠɟɜɪɟɦɹ
OLP
u
n
ɭɞɨɛɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤ Ⱦɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ
ɥɟɝɤɨɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɶɱɬɨ
u
n
u
n
n
n
n
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nnn
nn
n
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q
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u
n
fo
n
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a
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fo
n
n
f
n
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n
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u
n
OLPOLP
n
fo
n
u
n
fo
n
nn
OLP
n
n
nn
n
n
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n
f
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n
§
OLP
¨
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©
n
n
n
n
·
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nn
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ɉɪɢɦɟɪɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɪɹɞɚ
f
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n
n
n
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɪɹɞ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ Ɏɨɪɦɭɥɚ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɱɥɟɧɚ
D
ɪɹɞɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɱɢɫɟɥ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɢɦɟɟɬ ©ɮɚɤɬɨɪɢɚɥɶ
ɧɵɣªɜɢɞɩɨɷɬɨɦɭɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɛɭɞɟɦɩɨɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭȾɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚ
ɂɡɜɢɞɚɪɹɞɚɨɱɟɜɢɞɧɨɱɬɨ
n
u
n
± n ɵɣɱɥɟɧɪɹɞɚ
n
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nɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɟɣɤɚɠɞɵɣɢɡɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬɫɹɩɨɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ
ɧɢɟ
ɤɪɟɬɧɨɦɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ
nɟɫɥɢ
n
ɬɨ
ɟɫɥɢ
n
ɬɨ
n ɩɪɢɤɨɧ
ɢɬɚɤɞɚ
ɥɟɟ
Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ɡɧɚɦɟɧɚɬɟɥɶ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ n ɝɨ ɱɥɟɧɚ ɪɹɞɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ
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ɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɯ n ɨɬɞɨn
n
Ɉɱɟɜɢɞɧɨ ɱɬɨ
ɡɧɚɦɟɧɚɬɟɥɟ
n
n ɵɣ ɱɥɟɧ ɪɹɞɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɢ ɜ ɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɟ ɢ ɜ
ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɶ
u
n
nn
nn
ȼɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɦȾɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɦɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɩɪɟɞɟɥɚ
OLP
n
OLP
n
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n
fo
§
¨
¨
fofo
©
n
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OLP
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nn
n
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n
u
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ɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɭɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɚ
n
aP
DD
a ɩɪɢ fo
nn
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OLP
n
n
OLP
nn
n
f
fofo
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ɛɟɪɚɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɣɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
Ɉɬɜɟɬɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
f
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Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ Ɋɹɞ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɨɛɳɢɣ ɱɥɟɧ ɪɹɞɚ
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n
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u
n
fo
n
u
n
§
n
¨
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n
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n
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n
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fo
n
eu
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¸
n
¹
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f
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n
n
n
u
n
n
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ɥɚɦɛɟɪɚ
N
OLPOLP
OLP
n
§
n
¨
¨
n
©
§
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fo
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n
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¸
n
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u
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n
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§
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n
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fofo
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nn
n
ɬɨɩɨɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭȾɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
OLP
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n
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¸
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¸
n
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f
n
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n
n
n
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Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟɂɦɟɟɦɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɪɹɞɭɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɨɛɳɢɣɱɥɟɧɪɹɞɚɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ
n ɭɸɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɩɨɷɬɨɦɭɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɛɭɞɟɦɩɨɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭȾɚɥɚɦɛɟɪɚ
u
fo
n
u
n
OLP
n
n
fo
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Ɂɚɦɟɬɢɦɱɬɨ
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n
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fo
n
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n
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n
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±ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɚɹɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɬɚɤ
ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɩɨɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭɛɟɫɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦɚ
n
n
n
n
n
·
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¸
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n
¹
nn
n
nn
n
§
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¨
n
fo
n
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nn
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¹
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