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ɉɪɢɦɟɪ Ⱦɥɹɪɹɞɚ
FRV
FRV
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ
FRV
ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɨɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ
ɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɈɱɟɜɢɞɧɨɱɬɨɨɛɳɢɣɱɥɟɧɪɹɞɚɢɦɟɟɬɜɢɞ
u
n
FRV
n
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɦɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
OLPOLP
n
fofo
FRV
OLP
n
ɬɚɤɠɟɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧ
fo
nnFRV
nnFRVOLP
ɧɟɢɦɟɟɬɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɡɧɚɱɢɬ
fo
u
n
n
Ɍɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹɢɪɹɞ
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
Ɉɬɜɟɬɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɧɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
FRV
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ Ⱦɥɹɪɹɞɚ
FRV
FRV
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ
ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɨɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ
FRV
n
ɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɅɟɝɤɨɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶɱɬɨɨɛɳɢɣɱɥɟɧɪɹɞɚɢɦɟɟɬɜɢɞ
u
n
n
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɦɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
FRV
n
fofo
n
FRV
dd n
ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ
OLPOLP
u
n
n
FRV n ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɣɬɚɤɤɚɤ
n
ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɛɟɫɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦɚɥɨɣɩɪɢ fon ɬɚɤɤɚɤ
n
OLP
fonn
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ª
«
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¼
ɉɨɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭɛɟɫɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦɚɥɵɯɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɛɟɫɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦɚɥɨɣ
>
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¹
©
ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɧɚ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɭɸ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɦɚɥɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɨɣ
ɡɧɚɱɢɬ
FRV
n
OLPOLP
u
n
fofo
n
n
n
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɹɞ ɦɨ
ɠɟɬɤɚɤɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɬɚɤɢɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ
Ɉɬɜɟɬɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪȾɥɹɪɹɞɚ
f
¦
n
§
¨
©
n
n
·
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ
¸
n
¹
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɚɢɫɞɟɥɚɬɶɜɵɜɨɞɨɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɟɫɥɢɷɬɨɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɦɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɬɟɨɪɟɦɵ
n
n
§
OLPOLP
u
n
n
¨
fofo
n
©
·
¸
n
¹
ɂɦɟɟɦɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ
n
n
§
OLP
¨
fo
n
n
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§
OLP
¨
fo
©
n
f
ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɞɥɹɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɛɭɞɟɦɢɫ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɜɬɨɪɨɣɡɚɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɩɪɟɞɟɥ
·
¸
¹
n
·
¸
¹
n
fo
n
OLP
n
f
>@
·
§
OLP
¸
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n
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n
§
¨
fo
©
n
ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɦɩɪɟɨɛɪɚ
e
n
·
¸
nn
¹
ɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɞɨɜɢɞɚɜɬɨɪɨɝɨɡɚɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɚ
n
n
n
§
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fo
n
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OLP
n
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¹
n
OLP
n
fo
n
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OLP
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f
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fo
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n
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OLP
n
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n
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fo
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Ɍɚɤɤɚɤ
n
fo
OLP
z
eu
n
ɬɨɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɜɵɩɨɥ
ɧɹɟɬɫɹɧɨɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɩɨ
ɬɟɨɪɟɦɟɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
Ɉɬɜɟɬɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɧɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪȾɥɹɪɹɞɚ
f
¦
n
§
¨
©
n
n
·
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ
¸
n
¹
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɚɢɫɞɟɥɚɬɶɜɵɜɨɞɨɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɟɫɥɢɷɬɨɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɦɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɬɟɨɪɟɦɵ
n
·
n
n
u
n
n
§
OLPOLP
¨
fofo
n
©
·
OLP
¸
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¹
Ɉɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
§
¸
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n
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OLP
fo
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y
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ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɫ
¸
¹
n
·
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¨
fo
©
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ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɸɬɫɹɢɧɟɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɸɬɫɹɤ
ɧɭɥɸ
f
·
§
¨
©
¸
¹
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɇɨ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤɨɧɨ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹ
ɟɬɫɹɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɦɬɨɨɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɚɧɢɱɟɝɨɫɤɚɡɚɬɶɧɟɥɶɡɹ
Ɉɬɜɟɬɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ
Ɂɚɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ.ɉɪɢɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɢɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɜɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɭ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞ ɫɬɟ
ɩɟɧɶɸɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɥɢɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɢɡɧɚɦɟɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɫɬɚɪɲɭɸɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɬɨɟɫɬɶɧɚ
n
ɂ
ɞɚɥɶɲɟ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɟɥ ɭɠɟ ɫ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ Ɂɚɦɟɬɢɦ ɱɬɨ
ɟɫɥɢɛɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɩɨɞɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɫɬɪɟɦɢɥɨɫɶ ɤɟɞɢɧɢɰɟɩɪɢ
ɬɨɟɫɬɶɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɚɫɶɛɵɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ
f
ɬɨɬɚɤɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɬɶɛɵɥɨɛɵɧɟɥɶɡɹ
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ
fon
f
ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬɫɹɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɞɨɜɬɨɪɨɝɨɡɚɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɚ
±
ɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
Ɂɚɞɚɱɢɞɥɹɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ
Ɂɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɨɛɳɢɣ ɱɥɟɧ ɪɹɞɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɫɯɨ
eee
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɢɫɞɟ
ɥɚɬɶɜɵɜɨɞɨɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɚɟɫɥɢɷɬɨɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ
f
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n
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ɋɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯɪɹɞɨɜ
ɋɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ ȿɫɥɢ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɨɣɪɹɞ
f
ɪɹɞ
ɝɞɟɫ ±ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɚɹɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɚɹɬɚɤɠɟɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɢɢɦɟɟɬɫɭɦɦɭcS.
cu
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n
n
ɋɜɨɣɫɬɜɨȿɫɥɢɱɢɫɥɨɜɨɣɪɹɞ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɚɹɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɚɹ
ɬɚɤɠɟɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ.
zc
ɋɜɨɣɫɬɜɨȿɫɥɢɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɟɪɹɞɵ
S ɢS ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɬɨ ɪɹɞɵ
SS r
ɋɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ ȿɫɥɢ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɪɹɞ
ɬɨɪɹɞɵ
¦
n
f
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ.
r
vu
nn
¦
n
f
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɪɚɜɧɚS ɬɨ
u
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n
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ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɬɨɪɹɞ
u
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n
ɬɚɤɠɟɫɯɨɞɹɬɫɹɢɢɦɟɸɬɫɭɦɦɵ
vu
nn
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɚ ɪɹɞ
n
ɫɯɨɞɹɬɫɹɢɢɦɟɸɬɫɭɦɦɵ
v
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n
f
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ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
v
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ɝɞɟɫ ±
n
Ɂɚɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ. Ɂɚɦɟɬɢɦ ɱɬɨ ɟɫɥɢɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɟ ɪɹɞɵ
ɬɨɪɹɞɵ
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n
f
ɦɨɝɭɬɤɚɤɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ. ɍɛɟɞɢɦɫɹɜ ɷɬɨɦ
r
vu
nn
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f
n
f
ɢ
u
n
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ
v
¦
n
n
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɯɧɢɠɟɫɦɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ
ɋɜɨɣɫɬɜɨɈɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɟɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɚɱɥɟɧɨɜɪɹɞɚɢɥɢɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɚɱɥɟɧɨɜɪɹɞɚɧɟɜɥɢɹɟɬɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɢɥɢɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɷɬɨɝɨ
ɪɹɞɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɊɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɪɹɞɵ
S
f
n
f
u
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n
n
ɢ
f
n
f
v
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n
n
Ɉɱɟɜɢɞɧɨɱɬɨɪɹɞ
f
f
vu
nn
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nn
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɩɨɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɦɭɭɫɥɨɜɢɸɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɚ
u
n
n
OLPOLP z
fofo n
Ɋɹɞ
f
f
vu
nn
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nn
ɬɚɤɠɟɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɩɨɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɦɭɭɫɥɨɜɢɸɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɚ
u
n
n
fofo n
OLPOLP z
ȼɵɜɨɞɪɹɞɵɨɛɳɢɟɱɥɟɧɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɭɦɦɭɢɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶɨɛ
ɳɢɯɱɥɟɧɨɜɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹɪɹɞɨɜɬɚɤɠɟɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɊɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɪɹɞɵ
f
n
f
u
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n
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ɢ
f
n
f
v
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n
n
Ʌɟɝɤɨɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹɱɬɨɪɹɞ
f
vu
nn
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nn
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɬɚɤɤɚɤɢɦɟɟɬɫɭɦɦɭ
f
ȼɵɜɨɞɪɹɞɨɛɳɢɣɱɥɟɧɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɨɛɨɣɫɭɦɦɭ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɱɥɟ
ɧɨɜɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹɪɹɞɨɜɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɊɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɪɹɞɵɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɞɚɧɧɵɯɪɹɞɨɜ
ɛɭɞɟɬɞɨɤɚɡɚɧɚɞɚɥɶɲɟ
f
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n
f
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n
n
ɢ
n
ȼɩɪɢɦɟɪɟɛɵɥɨɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɱɬɨɪɹɞ
f
f
vu
nn
§
¨
©
f
·
¸
¹
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nnn
nnnn
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ȼɵɜɨɞ ɪɹɞ ɨɛɳɢɣ ɱɥɟɧ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɳɢɯ
ɱɥɟɧɨɜɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹɪɹɞɨɜɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
f
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɪɹɞɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
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n
n
n
nn
nn
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟɉɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɦɨɛɳɢɣɱɥɟɧɪɹɞɚ
f
n
n
n
nn
Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦɪɹɞ
f
§
¨
¨
©
n
f
¦
n
n
nnnn
nn
ȼɩɪɢɦɟɪɟɛɵɥɨɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɱɬɨ ɪɹɞ
ɫɬɜɭɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯɪɹɞɨɜɬɚɤɠɟɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɪɹɞ
f
Ɍɟɩɟɪɶɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦɪɹɞ
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n
n
nn
nn
nn
f
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nn
n
f
§
¨
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©
n
f
·
§
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©
nn
¸
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¸
¹
n
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɬɨɝɞɚɩɨɫɜɨɣ
·
¸
nn
¹
·
¸
n
¹
f
Ɋɹɞ
ɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɪɹɞ ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɫɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ Ɂɧɚɱɢɬ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɪɹɞ
q
f
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n
¸
n
©
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Ɍɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɪɹɞ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɫ
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n
n
ɬɚɤɠɟɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
f
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n
§
¨
©
nn
·
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɩɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯ
¸
n
¹
q
ɪɹɞɨɜɢɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɣɪɹɞɬɚɤɠɟɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
Ɂɚɦɟɬɢɦɱɬɨɞɥɹɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɪɹɞɚɦɨɠɧɨɞɚɠɟɩɨɫɱɢɬɚɬɶɫɭɦɦɭɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ
f
ɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɢ ɂɡ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɪɹɞ
ɫɭɦɦɭ
ɚɪɹɞ
S
Ɍɨɝɞɚɪɹɞ
Ɉɬɜɟɬɪɹɞɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
f
¦
n
f
ɢɦɟɟɬɫɭɦɦɭ
n
¦
n
n
nn
n
nn
S
S
ɢɦɟɟɬɫɭɦɦɭ
b
q
SSS
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n
Ɍɚɤ ɤɚɤ
ɢɦɟɟɬ
nn
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ
f
¦
n
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
a
n
f
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b
n
ɥɢɬɶɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɪɹɞɨɜɟɫɥɢɷɬɨɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ
ɚ
ɝ
f
ɛ
a
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n
¦
n
n
f
ɞ
b
n
f
b
n
ɜ
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n
f
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n
ɟ
ba
nn
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟ
n
f
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a
n
n
f
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n
ab
nn
ɠ
N
f
ɡ
a
n
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n
f
ɢ
b
n
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n
f
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n
b
n
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f
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ɤ
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a
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n
f
ɧ
a
n
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n
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ
f
ɚ
ɛ
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɬɨɝɞɚɩɨɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭɪɹɞ
a
n
¦
n
f
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɪɹɞ
b
n
¦
n
ɠɟɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
f
ɜ
a
fonn
ɞɥɹɥɸɛɨɝɨ t n
zna
Ɍɚɤ ɤɚɤ
f
§
¨
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¨
©
n
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ Ɂɧɚɱɢɬ ɩɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɦɭ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɸ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
a
n
¦
n
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɨɜ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ
OLP
OLP z
·
ɬɚɤɠɟɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
¸
¸
a
n
¹
ȿɫɥɢɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬɧɨɦɟɪ
f
§
ɢ
¨
¦
¨
©
n
·
ɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ
¸
¸
a
n
¹
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ɥ
¸
¸
b
n
¹
n
ɬɨ ɪɹɞ
fonn
a
f
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n
§
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¨
a
©
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ɦ
¸
b
n
¸
n
¹
f
a
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n
n
f
ɬɚɤɠɟɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
a
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f
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɉɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɪɹɞ
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a
n
n
ɬɚɤɨɣɱɬɨ
t nNnn
n
n
f
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ɬɚɤ
b
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¼
¹
ɟɫɥɢ
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f
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n
a
n
OLP
n
fo
a
n
na
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n
ª
«
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ɬɨɪɹɞɵ
f
ɝ
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɨɝɞɚ ɪɹɞ
b
n
¦
n
ɞɢɬɫɹ
f
ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɟɫɥɢ
f
n
f
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b
n
n
n
ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɢɫ
ȿɫɥɢɠɟɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ
f
f
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b
n
nn
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɫɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɪɹɞ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɫɦɩɪɢɦɟɪ
q
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɸ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢ
b
n
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n
n
f
b
n
ɦɨɫɬɢɪɹɞɨɜ
n
Ɍɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɩɨɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢɪɹɞ
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ
f
ɞ
¦
f
n
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɩɨɭɫɥɨɜɢɸ
a
n
¦
n
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɩɨɭɫɥɨɜɢɸɬɨɝɞɚ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɪɹɞ
b
n
ɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɩɨɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭɪɹɞ
f
ɦɨɠɟɬɤɚɤɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɬɚɤɢɪɚɫɯɨ
¦
b
n
n
f
n
ɬɨ ɨɧ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɫɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɚ
f
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɫɦɩɪɢɦɟɪɬɨ
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nn
OLPOLP z
u
n
fofo n
f
¦
n
f
ɦɨɠɟɬɤɚɤɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɬɚɤɢ
¦
b
n
n
f
¦
n
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ba
nn
ɬɚɤɠɟɪɚɫ
b
n
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