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Ɉɬɜɟɬɵɢɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɤɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɦɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦɢɡɚɞɚɧɢɹɦ
ɞɥɹɫɚɦɨɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ
ɜ ɛ ɚɝ ɚɜɤ
ɜ
n
u
n
n
ɚɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧ
SfoOLP
n
n
ɛɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɜɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
Ɋɹɞɦɨɠɟɬɤɚɤɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɬɚɤɢɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɧɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ
ɧɟɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
f
ɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯɪɹɞɨɜ
n
ɛɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯɪɹɞɨɜ
f
n
f
u
n
n
n
f
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n
ɜɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯɪɹɞɨɜ
n
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ɟɫɥɢ
f
uu
n
n
f
u
¦
n
ɬɨ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɨɜ
OLP
u
fonn
ɝ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɟɫɥɢ
ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɪɹɞɨɜ ɟɫɥɢ
ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɪɹɞɚ ɬ ɟ
f
n
f
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɨ
u
n
¦
n
f
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ
u
n
¦
n
u
OLP
fonn
uuu
n
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ
n
ɛɟɫɤɨɧɟɱɟɧ
SfoOLP
n
n
f
n
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n
nn
u
n
uu
n
nn
f
OLP
ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɪɹɞɚ
f
fonn
u
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ
¦
u
n
n
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɪɹɞɨɜ ɟɭɤɚɡɚɬɶɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɫɯɨɞɢ
ɦɨɫɬɢɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɟɫɥɢ
f
u
n
v
n
n
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n
±ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɟɫɥɢ
n
f
ɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɨ
f
f
v
n
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nn
f
n
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɬɨ
n
f
¦
n
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɢ
u
n
n
f
u
f
u
n
n
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nv
nn
f
v
n
f
n
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɢ
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n
nn
ɠɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯɪɹɞɨɜ
ɡ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɟɫɥɢ
f
ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɪɹɞɨɜ
f
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɨɝɞɚ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɪɹɞɨɜ
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɩɪɢɷɬɨɦ
f
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n
nn
nn
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nn
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɢ
f
n
u
n
vu
f
±ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
¦
n
n
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɟɫɥɢ
f
v
n
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nn
f
f
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nn
f
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɨɝɞɚ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɭ
n
f
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ
¦
n
n
f
n
nn
ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɢ
f
¦
n
n
u
n
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f
±ɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
f
vu
nn
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɧɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹɪɹɞɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɛ
f
ɪɚɫ
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n
nn
f
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¦
nv
f
n
n
n
nn
ɝ
ɛ ɞɥɹ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɹɞɨɜɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ
ɧɟɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɦɨɧɨɬɨɧɧɨɭɛɵɜɚ
xf
ɸɳɟɣ
ɚ
ȼɫɟ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɜɟɪɧɵ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɪɹɞ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
f
±ɪɚɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɫɹɪɹɞ
¦
n
n
ɜɟ
nn
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ Ɋɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
Ɋɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
Ɋɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ Ɋɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ Ɋɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ Ɋɚɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
n
a
nn
n
ɢ
Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɹɞɥɹɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɱɧɵɯɪɚɛɨɬ
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɥɢɪɹɞɟɫɥɢɟɝɨɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɚɹɫɭɦɦɚɪɚɜɧɚ
f
§
ɇɚɣɬɢɫɭɦɦɭɪɹɞɚ
¦
n
¨
¨
©
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
·
¸
nn
¸
¹
S
n
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n
n
ɚ
f
¦
n
nn(
ɛ
f
¦
n
OQ
nn
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɥɢɪɹɞɟɫɥɢɟɝɨɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɚɹɫɭɦɦɚɪɚɜɧɚ
ɇɚɣɬɢɫɭɦɦɭɪɹɞɚ
f
¦
n
nn
n
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɚ
f
¦
n
n
nn
ɛ
f
¦
n
n
n
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɥɢɪɹɞɟɫɥɢɟɝɨɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɚɹɫɭɦɦɚɪɚɜɧɚ
ɇɚɣɬɢɫɭɦɦɭɪɹɞɚ
f
¦
n
§
¨
¨
©
·
¸
nn
¸
¹
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɚ
f
¦
n
nn
ɛ
f
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n
n
n
n
ɜ
ɜ
ɜ
S
S
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n
f
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n
n
f
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n
§
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e
n
nn
n
n
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n
n
n
·
¸
n
¹
n
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n
n
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɥɢɪɹɞɟɫɥɢɟɝɨɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɚɹɫɭɦɦɚɪɚɜɧɚ
ɇɚɣɬɢɫɭɦɦɭɪɹɞɚ
f
¦
n
nn
n
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
n
f
¦
n
e
n
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n
n
n
ɛ
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f
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¦
n
§
¨
¨
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¸
nn
¸
¹
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
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n
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n
n
n
nS
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n
n
n
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f
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n
n
n
ɛ
f
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n
nn
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
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ɇɚɣɬɢɫɭɦɦɭɪɹɞɚ
f
¦
n
nn
n
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ɚ
f
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n
nn(
ɛ
f
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n
nnn
f
ɜ
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n
S
n
f
ɜ
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n
n
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n
n
OQ
n
OQ
nn
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɥɢɪɹɞɟɫɥɢɟɝɨɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɚɹɫɭɦɦɚɪɚɜɧɚ
ɇɚɣɬɢɫɭɦɦɭɪɹɞɚ
f
¦
n
§
¨
¨
©
·
¸
nn
¸
¹
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n
S
n
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n
ɚ
f
¦
n
n
n
n
ɛ
f
¦
n
n
n
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɥɢɪɹɞɟɫɥɢɟɝɨɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɚɹɫɭɦɦɚɪɚɜɧɚ
ɇɚɣɬɢɫɭɦɦɭɪɹɞɚ
f
¦
n
nn
n
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɚ
f
¦
n
n
n
n
ɛ
f
¦
n
OQ
nn
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɥɢɪɹɞɟɫɥɢɟɝɨɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɚɹɫɭɦɦɚɪɚɜɧɚ
f
ɇɚɣɬɢɫɭɦɦɭɪɹɞɚ
¦
n
§
¨
¨
©
·
¸
nn
¸
¹
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɜ
ɜ
S
S
f
¦
n
n
f
¦
n
n
DUFWJ
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
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n
ɚ
f
¦
n
n
n
H
ɛ
f
¦
n
n
§
¨
n
©
ɜ
f
¦
n
nn
n
·
¸
¹
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
ɋɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɥɢɪɹɞɟɫɥɢɟɝɨɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɚɹɫɭɦɦɚɪɚɜɧɚ
ɇɚɣɬɢɫɭɦɦɭɪɹɞɚ
f
¦
n
nn
n
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
n
S
n
"
n
ɚ
f
¦
n
ɛ
f
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n
n
n
n
n
n
·
§
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¸
n
¹
ɜ
f
¦
n
n
n
Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
ɑɢɫɥɨɜɵɟɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟɪɹɞɵɢɦɟɸɬɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɟɟɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɩɪɢɪɟɲɟ
ɧɢɢɡɚɞɚɱ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɢɚɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟ
ɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱɚɯ Ɋɚɡɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɪɹɞɵ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟɜɪɹɞɵ
Ɍɟɣɥɨɪɚɢ Ɏɭɪɶɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɧɟɡɚɦɟɧɢɦɵɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɢɲɢɪɨɤɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ
ɫɹ ɇɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɪɹɞɨɜ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɪɹɞɚ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɦ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɪɹɞɨɜ
ɧɚɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɂɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬ ɠɟɥɚɸɳɢɦ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ
©Ɍɟɨɪɢɹɪɹɞɨɜªɢɥɭɱɲɟ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɬɶ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɇɚɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɯɩɪɨɞɟ
ɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɫɬɪɟɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɯɨ
ɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯɪɹɞɨɜɈɫɨɛɨɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɪɚɡɨɛɪɚɧɵɪɹɞɵɫɧɟɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɱɥɟɧɚɦɢɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵɜɫɟɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɛɚɡɨɜɵɟɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢɬɚɤɢɯɪɹɞɨɜ
ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
k
k
x
ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɌɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɟɣ
o
ɩɪɢ
ɩɪɢ
ɩɪɢ
ɩɪɢ
ɩɪɢ
aVLQ
aWJ
aDUFVLQ
aDUFWJ
x
x
aFRV
x
e
x
a
ɩɪɢ
ɩɪɢ
ɩɪɢ
k
ɩɪɢ
ɩɪɢ
a
a
aOQ
x
k
x
ɩɪɢ
a
OQa ɩɪɢ
aORJ
a
a
n
nn
Ɏɨɪɦɭɥɚɋɬɢɪɥɢɧɝɚ
o
o
o
o
xo
o
o
x
a
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