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ɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɦɧɨɝɨɩɨɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ.

Ɇɨɞɭɥɶ ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɨɜ (ɚɧɝɥ. Brɚnɫh Ɋrediɫtiɨn Unit) – ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɟɟ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɜ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɧ-

ɜɟɣɟɪɧɭɸ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɭ, ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɬɜɥɟɧɢɣ (ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ, ɛɭɞɟɬ ɥɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ) ɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ. ɉɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɜɟɬɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɭ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɡ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ, ɞɨ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ.

ɉɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɢɡɦ ɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɹɞɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ – ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɜ ɛɟɡ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɉɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɹɞɟɪ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɡɚ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɭ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢ

ɦɟɧɶɲɟɦ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ, ɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɩɨɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɹɞɪɚ ɞɚɟɬ

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ.

Ɇɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɞɜɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ – ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɟ

ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɟ.

ɉɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ ɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ:

1. Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ

ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜ (eɚx/ɚx/ɚh/ɚl, ebx/bx/bh/bl, edx/dx/dh/dl, eɫx/ɫx/ɫ

h/ɫl, ebɪ/bɪ,

esi/si, edi/di, esɪ/sɪ).

2. ɋɟɝɦɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜ ɫɟɝɦɟɧ-

ɬɨɜ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ (cs, ds, ss, es, fs, gs).

3. Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ ɫɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ,

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɬɢɩ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɨɣ (st(0)-st(7)).

4. ɐɟɥɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ MMX-ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ (mmx0-mmx7). MMX

(Multimedia Extensiɨns – ɦɭɥɶɬɢɦɟɞɢɣɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ) – ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɟ

ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɛɨɪɚ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ-

ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɤɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɞɟɤɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ) ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɚɭɞɢɨ-, ɜɢ-

ɧɵɟ ɞɟɨɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɡɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɦɚɲɢɧɧɭɸ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ.

ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ Pentium MMX ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ «ɨɛɵɱɧɨɝɨ» Pentium ɩɨ ɲɟɫɬɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɦ:

4.1. Ⱦɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɨ 57 ɧɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

4.2. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧ ɜ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɚ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɤɷɲ (16 Ʉɛɚɣɬ ɞɥɹ ɤɨ-

ɦɚɧɞ ɢ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɠɟ – ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ).

4.3. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɛɭɮɟɪɚ

ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ (Branch Tɚrget Buffer – BTB), ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɨɜ (Brɚnɫh Ɋrediɫtiɨn).

4.4. Ɉɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪɚ (Pipeline).

4.5. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɛɭɮɟɪɨɜ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ (Write Buffers).

4.6. ȼɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɟ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ.

ɇɚɛɨɪ ɢɡ 57 ɧɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟɦ; ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɹɬɶ – ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ, ɱɟɦ ɫɨɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɤɷɲ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɛɭɮɟɪɨɜ ɢ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɜɟɣɟɪ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɭɫɤɨɪɹɸɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɥɸɛɵɯ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ (ɞɨ 60 %) ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ, ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ

ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɸ MMX ɜ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

5. Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ MMX-ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɨɣ (xmm0-xmm7).

6. Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ – ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ ɫɨ-

ɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ, ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɷɬɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ:

6.1. Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪ ɮɥɚɝɨɜ (eflags/flɚgs).

6.2. Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪ – ɭɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ (eip/iɪ).

Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɧɵɟ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ.

Ʉɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɵɣ ɛɥɨɤ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɨ. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɬɪɢ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɤɨɞɚ, ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɬɟɤɚ. ɋɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɫɬɚɪɵɯ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚɯ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɚɞɪɟɫɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ.

əɡɵɤ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɦ ɦɚɲɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ. ɉɨ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ, ɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɚɹ ɧɚ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɟ, ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ.

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɧɚ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɟ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɥɨɤɨɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɶ ɢɡ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ. Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ,

ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɨɤɭ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.

%include "win32n.inc"

extern MessageBoxA

import MessageBoxA user32.dll

extern ExitProcess

import ExitProcess kernel32.dll

SECTION code use32 class=code

..start:

push UINT MB_OK

push LPCTSTR window_title

push LPCTSTR banner

push HWND NULL

call [MessageBoxA]

push UINT NULL

call [ExitProcess]

SECTION data use32 class=data

banner: db "Hello, world!", 0xD, 0xA, 0

window_title: db "Hello", 0

ɉɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɚ ɛɵɜɚɸɬ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ:

1. Ʉɨɦɚɧɞɵ (ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ), ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚɧɚ-

ɥɨɝɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ. ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɰɢɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɚ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ.

2. Ɇɚɤɪɨɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ – ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟ- ɧɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɡɚɦɟɳɚɟɦɵɟ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɰɢɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ.

3. Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ, ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɬɨɪɭ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɚ ɧɚ ɜɵ- ɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ

ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ. ɍ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜ ɧɟɬ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɦɚɲɢɧɧɨɦ

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ.

4. ɋɬɪɨɤɢ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɟɜ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɥɸɛɵɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɛɭɤɜɵ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɥɮɚɜɢɬɚ. Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɪɨɱɢɯ ɹɡɵɤɚɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɢɝɧɨɪɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ.

Ⱦɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ:

1. ȼɫɟ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɢɟ ɛɭɤɜɵ Ⱥ-Z, ɚ-z. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɡɚɝɥɚɜɧɵɟ ɢ ɩɪɨɩɢɫɧɵɟ ɛɭɤɜɵ ɫɱɢɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɵɦɢ.

2. ɐɢɮɪɵ ɨɬ 0 ɞɨ 9.

3. Ɂɧɚɤɢ ?, @, $, _, &.

4. Ɋɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɢ: , . [ ] ( ) < > { } + / * % ! " " ? \ = # ^.

ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɶ ɢɡ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ. ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɛɭɤɜɵ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɥɮɚɜɢɬɚ, ɰɢɮɪɵ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɤɢ – _, ?, $, @. ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɦ ɰɢɮɪɵ. Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɨ 255 ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ, ɯɨɬɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɬɨɪ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɥɢɲɶ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ 32, ɚ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɝɚɟɬ.

ɉɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɚ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɥɟɤɫɟɦ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɦɵɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɞɥɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɬɨɪɚ.

.type_process ; ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɬɢɩɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ

.model ; ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ

include lib ; ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ inc

includelib lib ; ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ lib

.DATA ; ɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢpɭɟɦɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

; ɢɦɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɢ ɨɤɧɚ

.DATA? ; ɧɟɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢpɭɟɦɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

; ɞɟɫɤɪɢɩɬɨɪ ɩpɨɝpɚɦɦɵ

.CODE ; ɡɞɟɫɶ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɞ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

Ʌɟɤɫɟɦɚɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ:

1. ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ – ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ, ɢɫ-

ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɤɚɤ ɤɨɞɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ, ɢɦɟɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɬɨɤ.

2. ɐɟɩɨɱɤɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ – ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ, ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ

ɨɞɢɧɚɪɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɞɜɨɣɧɵɟ ɤɚɜɵɱɤɢ.

3. ɐɟɥɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɫɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ: ɞɜɨɢɱɧɨɣ, ɞɟɫɹɬɢɱɧɨɣ, ɲɟɫɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɟɪɢɱɧɨɣ. Ɉɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɟɥ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɢɯ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ ɧɚ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦ:

1) ɞɟɫɹɬɢɱɧɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɨɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɤɢɯ-ɥɢɛɨ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, 25 ɢɥɢ 139;

2) ɞɥɹ ɨɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɞɜɨɢɱɧɵɯ ɱɢɫɟɥ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɧɭɥɟɣ ɢ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ, ɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɟ «b», ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, 10010101 b;

3) ɲɟɫɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɢɪɢɱɧɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɢ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ:

ɚ) ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬ ɢɡ ɰɢɮɪ, ɫɬɪɨɱɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɩɢɫɧɵɯ ɛɭɤɜ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɥɮɚɜɢɬɚ;

ɛ) ɭ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɪɚɫɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɲɟɫɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɟɪɢɱɧɵɯ ɱɢɫɟɥ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɢɡ ɨɞɧɢɯ ɰɢɮɪ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɛɭɤɜɵ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɥɮɚɜɢɬɚ. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɫɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɲɟɫɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɟɪɢɱɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɲɟɫɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɟɪɢɱɧɵɯ ɰɢɮɪ, ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɱɢɫɥɨ, ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɭɸ ɛɭɤɜɭ «h». ɗɬɨ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ. ȿɫɥɢ ɲɟɫɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɟɪɢɱɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɛɭɤɜɵ, ɬɨ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɢɦ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɞɭɳɢɣ ɧɭɥɶ: 0 efl5 h.

3. Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ

Ɏɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ, ɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɩɨ ɲɢɧɟ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ, ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ. ɇɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɧɢɠɧɟɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɦɚɫɫɢɜ ɛɢɬɨɜ. Ⱦɥɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɬ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɭ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɫ ɩɚɦɹɬɶɸ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɛɢɬɨɜ ɫɥɨɠɧɨ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɸɳɟɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨ

ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɫɥɟ-

ɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɚɣɬɨɜ. Ʉɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɭɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɞɪɟɫ (ɧɨɦɟɪ), ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ. Ⱦɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɪɚɡɪɹɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɲɢɧɵ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɦɹɬɶɸ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɵɣ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɚɦɚ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɞɪɟɫ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɧɚ ɚɞɪɟɫɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɟ. ȼ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɢɬɨɝɟ ɷɬɨɬ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ:

–

ɤɨɦɩɚɤɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɜ ɦɚɲɢɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɟ;

–

ɝɢɛɤɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɰɢɢ;

–

ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɚɞɪɟɫɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɜ ɦɧɨɝɨɡɚɞɚɱɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ;

–

ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ ɜɢɪɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ.

Ɇɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɞɜɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ:

–

ɋɟɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ – ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɵɟ

ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ (ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɵ), ɢ ɨɧɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɯ.

–

ɋɬɪɚɧɢɱɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ – ɧɚɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɧɚɞ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ.

ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɥɨɤɨɜ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ, ɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɜɢɪɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ, ɱɟɦ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ.

Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬ ɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ:

1. Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜ (ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ) ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟ-

ɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɜ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɧɧɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ.

2. Ɂɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɫɟ ɚɪɯɢ-

ɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɢɞɟɢ, ɡɚɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɜ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ i80286. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ

ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ, ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ, ɱɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɜ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ.

3. Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɜɢɪɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ 8086 – ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɜ ɧɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɟɧ, ɟɫɥɢ ɦɢɤɪɨ-

ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ. ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ, ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɜɢɪɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ

i8086 ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ.

4. Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ – ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɫɢ-

ɫɬɟɦɭ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɧɨ-ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ, ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɚɤ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɩɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɜ ɷɬɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ – SMI – ɨɬ ɭɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪɚ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɧɢɣ ȺɊIɋ (Advɚnɫed

Ɋrɨgrɚmmɚble Interruɪt ɋɨntrɨller), ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ. ȿɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜ. ȼɨɡɜɪɚɬ ɢɡ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ.

Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɵ

bss ɫɢɦɜɨɥ, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ [, ɜɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɧɢɟ [, ɫɞɜɢɝ ɛɚɧɤɚ]] Ɋɟɡɟɪɜɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ .bss (ɧɟɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧ-

ɧɵɟ).

.data Ɍɪɚɧɫɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ .data (ɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ). .sect «ɢɦɹ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ» Ɍɪɚɧɫɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɜ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɣ (ɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ) ɪɚɡɞɟɥ. .text

Ɍɪɚɧɫɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ .text (ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɣ ɤɨɞ). ɫɢɦɜɨɥ .usect «ɢɦɹ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ», ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ [,ɜɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɧɢɟ] Ɋɟɡɟɪɜɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ (ɧɟɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧ-

ɧɨɦ).

Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɬ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ (ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ)

.bss ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ Ɋɟɡɟɪɜɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ; ɦɟɬɤɚ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ

ɧɟɰ ɡɚɪɟɡɟɪɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ.

.byte ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ1 [,..., ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟN] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɚɣɬ ɜ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ. .char ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ1 [,..., ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟN] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɚɣɬ ɜ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ. .double ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ1 [,...,ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟN] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ 64-ɛɢɬɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ ɫ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɨɣ, IEEE ɫ

ɞɜɨɣɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ.

.field ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ [, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɨɥɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ ɜ ɛɢɬɚɯ (1-32) ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ. .float ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ1 [,...,ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟN] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ 32-

ɛɢɬɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ ɫ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɨɣ, IEEE ɫ

ɨɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ.

.half ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ1 [,...,ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟN] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ 16-ɪɚɡɪɹɞɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ. .int ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ1 [,...,ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟN] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ 32-ɪɚɡɪɹɞɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ. .long ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ1 [,...,ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟN] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ 32-ɪɚɡɪɹɞɧɵɟ ɞɪɨɛɧɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ. .short ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ1 [,...,ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟN] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ 16-ɪɚɡɪɹɞɧɵɟ ɞɪɨɛɧɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ. .space ɪɚɡɦɟɪ Ɋɟɡɟɪɜɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ; ɦɟɬɤɚ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ

ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɡɚɪɟɡɟɪɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ.

.string {ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ 1 «ɫɬɪɨɤɚ 1»} ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɞɧɭ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɪɨɤ. .word ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ1 [,...,ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟN] ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ 32-ɪɚɡɪɹɞɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ.

ɧɚ ɤɨ-

Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɸɬ ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ (SPC)

.align [ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ] ȼɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɟɬ SPC ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ

ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ 2; ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 1 ɛɚɣɬ.

Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɪɭɸɬ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɥɢɫɬɢɧɝ

.drlist Ⱦɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɭ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɪɨɤ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜ (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ) .drnolist ɉɨɞɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɨɤ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜ .fclist ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɭ ɥɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɥɨɤɚ (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ) .fcnolist

ɉɨɞɚɜɥɹɟɬ

ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɭ ɥɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɥɨɤɚ ɤɨɞɚ .length [ɞɥɢɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ] ɍɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɞɥɢɧɭ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɥɢɫɬɢɧɝɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ .list ɉɨɜɬɨɪɧɵɣ ɡɚɩɭɫɤ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ .mlist ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɭ ɦɚɤɪɨɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɢ ɛɥɨɤɨɜ ɰɢɤɥɨɜ (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ) .mnolist ɉɨɞɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɭ ɦɚɤɪɨɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɢ ɛɥɨɤɨɜ ɰɢɤɥɨɜ .nolist Ɉɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɭ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ .option [ɨɩɰɢɹ1, ɨɩɰɢɹ2,...]

ȼɵɛɢɪɚɟɬ ɨɩɰɢɢ ɥɢɫɬɢɧɝɚ; ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɨɩɰɢɢ – A,B,D,H,L,Ɇ,N,O,R,T,W

ɢ X

.page ɉɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɭ ɜ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ .sslist ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɥɢɫɬɢɧɝ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ .ssnolist (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ) ɉɨɞɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɥɢɫɬɢɧɝ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ .tab ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɍɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɬɚɛɭɥɹɰɢɢ (ɜ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɯ) .title «ɫɬɪɨɤɚ» ɉɟɱɚɬɚɟɬ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɨɤ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɥɢɫɬɢɧɝɚ .width [ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ] ɍɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɲɢɪɢɧɭ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɫɵɥɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɮɚɣɥɵ

.copy «ɢɦɹ ɮɚɣɥɚ» ȼɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɮɚɣɥɚ .def [ɫɢɦɜɨɥ 1 ,...,ɫɢɦɜɨɥ N] ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɟ-

ɤɭɳɟɦ ɦɨɞɭɥɟ ɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɯ

.global ɫɢɦɜɨɥ1 [,...,ɫɢɦɜɨɥN] ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ .include «ɢɦɹ ɮɚɣɥɚ» ȼɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɮɚɣɥɚ .mlib «ɢɦɹ ɮɚɣɥɚ» Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɭ ɦɚɤɪɨɤɨɦɚɧɞ .ref [ɫɢɦɜɨɥ 1 ,...,ɫɢɦɜɨɥ N] ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ

ɦɨɞɭɥɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɦɨɞɭɥɟ

Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɭɸ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɰɢɸ

.break [ɱɟɬɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ] Ɂɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɰɢɸ .loop, ɟɫɥɢ ɱɟɬɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ – ɢɫɬɢɧɚ. ɉɪɢ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ .loop, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ .break ɧɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɚ

.else Ɍɪɚɧɫɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɛɥɨɤ ɤɨɞɚ, ɟɫɥɢ (.if ɱɟɬɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ) ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɨɠɧɵɦ.

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ .if, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ .elsɟ ɧɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɚ

ɉɪɢ

.elseif ɱɟɬɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ Ɍɪɚɧɫɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɛɥɨɤ, ɟɫɥɢ .if ɱɟɬɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɨɠɧɵɦ, ɚ

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ .elseif – ɢɫɬɢɧɧɨ. ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ .if , ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ .elseif ɧɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɚ

.endif Ɂɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɛɥɨɤ ɤɨɞɚ .if .endloop Ɂɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɛɥɨɤ ɤɨɞɚ .loop .if ɱɟɬɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ Ɍɪɚɧɫɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɛɥɨɤ, ɟɫɥɢ ɱɟɬɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɬɢɧɧɵɦ .loop [ɱɟɬɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ]

ɇɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɭɸ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɰɢɸ ɤɨɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɥɨɤɚ; ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤ ɰɢɤɥɚ

ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧ

ɱɟɬɤɢɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ

ɋɟɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ

ɋɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ – ɷɬɨ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɰɢɢ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ-

ɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɯ ɚɞɪɟɫɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɨɬ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ.

ɋɟɝɦɟɧɬ – ɷɬɨ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɣ, ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɧɚ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ

ɛɥɨɤ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ.

ɉɨɞ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɚɞɪɟɫɨɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɞɪɟɫ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ, ɜɵɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɧɚ

ɲɢɧɭ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ. Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦɢɱɧɨɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ – ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɣ ɚɞɪɟɫ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ. ɗɬɨ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɦ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɨɣ ɧɚɞ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ.

Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɶ ɢɡ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟ-

ɫɬɜɚ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɧɨ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɨɧɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤ ɬɪɟɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɦ ɤɨɞɚ, ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɫɬɟɤɚ ɢ ɨɬ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɨ ɬɪɟɯ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɟɬ, ɩɨ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɦ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɵ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɵ, ɫ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɨɢɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ. Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɜ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɩɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɦ, ɚ ɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ – ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ, ɡɚɜɢɫɹɳɢɯ ɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ. ȼ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɷɬɢ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ, ɜ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ – ɜ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɣ ɞɟɫɤɪɢɩɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ.

mov eax, ebp sub eax, 4 push eax push str_max_number_input_format ;ɫɦ. string_constants.asm call _scanf add esp, 8

mov eax, [ebp-4]

Ɋɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬ ɬɪɢ

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ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ;

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ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ;

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ɫɩɥɨɲɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ.

ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ:

ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ:

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ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɵ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ, ɤɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɲɟɫɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɢ (ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɧɚ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɪɚɡɪɹɞɚ);

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ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɵ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ 64 Ʉɛɚɣɬɚ;

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ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ ɜ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɭ ɛɵɥ ɜɜɟɞɟɧ ɡɚɳɢ-

ɳɟɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ.

4. ɀɢɡɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɧɚ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɟ

ɇɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɟɟ ɝɪɚɦɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɚ ɧɟ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɥɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɲɢɛɤɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɵɦɢ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɦɵɦɢ.

ɀɢɡɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɬɚɩɵ:

1. ɗɬɚɩ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ:

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ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ, ɫɛɨɪ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ;

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ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɤ ɧɟɣ;

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ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɤ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ;

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ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ;

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ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɞɨɩɭɳɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɟ

ɞɚɧɧɵɟ.

2. ɗɬɚɩ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ:

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ɜɵɛɨɪ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ;

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ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ;

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ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨ-

ɞɟɥɶɸ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ.

3. ɗɬɚɩ ɤɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ:

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ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ

ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ ɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ;

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ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ;

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ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶ-

ɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.

4. ɗɬɚɩ ɨɬɥɚɞɤɢ ɢ ɬɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ:

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ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɫɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ;

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ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ, ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɲɢɛɨɤ, ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɟ-

ɫɬɚɯ;

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ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɤɨɞɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɢ ɟɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ.

5. ɗɬɚɩ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ:

–

ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ;

–

ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ;

–

ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɨ ɫɛɨɹɯ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɨɲɢɛɤɚɯ

ɜ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɩɨɠɟɥɚɧɢɹɯ ɩɨ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɸ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ;

–

ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɲɢɛɨɤ.

ɇɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ 1 ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɧɚ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɚɫɫɟɦɛɥɟɪɚ.

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