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Файл:Emergencies and Communication at Sea. Учебное пособие для СПО
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7. Below are some more useful definitions of terms. Write the correct term
for each definition.
Near miss (hazardous incident) / Investigation / Marine accident / Marine
incident
1. ........................... means an abnormal event occurring in the course of
operation of seagoing ships and likely to cause danger to man, ships or the
environment.
2. ........................... means one (or more than one) marine undesired incident
which results in personal injury, damage or loss, including loss of life or major injury
to any person on board, the actual or presumed loss of a ship, abandoning the ship,
collision or grounding, the ship becoming disabled, and also material damage caused
to a ship.
3. ........................... is an accident that nearly occurs in connection with the
operation of the ship.
4. ........................... means the determination of conditions, circumstances,
causes of marine accidents with a view to effective measures to prevent and limit
similar accidents.
8. Match the two halves and write them in the space provided.
1. Who was the radar No.1.
2. Who was on the bridge?
3. Where was the look-outs?
4. Who operated the master?
5. Where were on the bridge?
6. Who was at the helm?
9. Write questions with “was there...?” or “were there...?”.
1. ........................... a pilot on board?
2. ........................... any witnesses?
3. ........................... any damage?
4. ........................... any injuries?
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10. Match the words.
Gangway / pilot ladder
Close quarters
Channel, river, buoyed fairway
Grounding
Safety drills / training
Traffic separation zone
Flooding
Galley
Cleaning cargo holds / tanks
Accommodation block
Open sea
Machinery failure
Normal sea voyage (routine work)
Machinery spaces
Collision
Mooring / preparation for departure
At quay, in dock, etc.
Maintenance / repair in machinery spaces
Coastal waters
Deck / cargo space
11. Read the following report summary and choose the correct alternative
of the verbs in italics.
Marine Accident Report: Pearl of Scandinavia Fire, 17 November 2010.
The PEARL OF SCANDINAVIA departed from Oslo on November 16 2010
at 17:30 on a voyage to Copenhagen. At 05:58 a fire alarm indicated / recommended
fire on the car deck and it was established that some cars and trailers were on fire in
two sections on the car deck aft on the port side. The fire was switched off /
extinguished by the ship’s sprinkler systems and subsequently by the ship’s fire-
fighting teams assisted by Swedish firefighters who had been flown to the ship by
helicopter. The cause of the fire was an electric car that was being charged during the
voyage. After having recognized the fire, all passengers were abandoned / evacuated
to safe areas in the ship. Neither the passengers nor the crew were injured / damaged.
The PEARL OF SCANDINAVIA arrived in Copenhagen on 17 November 2010 at
12:15 by its own power.
12. Choose the appropriate factual information to fill in the table.
Accident data
Type of accident
Time and date of the accident
Position of the accident
Area of accident
Injured persons
IMO Casualty Class
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13. Write the correct question for each piece of information and put the
words in the correct order to make full questions.
a) the crew / how / guide / did / on board / to safe areas / passengers?
b) of the electric car / what / the brand / was?
c) the fire / where / break out / did?
d) there / was / damage / any?
e) start / the evacuation / did / when / of the passengers?
f) the fire-fighting teams / into / go / when / action / did?
14 a) Look at the list of emergencies and say what each text is about.
• grounding • man overboard • fire on board • sinking • collision • oil spill
14 b) Supply the correct heading and write it in the space provided. There
is one extra heading you will not need to use.
- COLLISION, 2,500 mt OIL LEAK;
- MISSING PERSONS AT SEA REQUIRE A SEARCH AND RESCUE;
- CRUISE SHIP EVACUATION AFTER COLLISION;
- A HISTORIC CRUISE SHIP SINKS.
Text A
Heading:
___________________
___________________
If the person is not quickly
found on board the vessel,
then the vessel should
return to the last location at
sea when the person was
seen.
As an example, if
a passenger was last seen at
8 p.m., then the ship needs
to back track to the location
of the vessel at 8 p.m. to
Text B
Heading:
___________________
___________________
On November 23, 2007,
the Explorer, operating in
the Antarctic, struck ice.
Water started creeping in
through a fist-sized hole
punched into the ship’s
starboard. As it flooded
the engine room, the
power failed. The ship
ceased responding. The
ship was evacuated. The
Text C
Heading:
___________________
___________________
(May 25, 2010) An oil
tanker and a bulk carrier
collided in waters
between Malaysia and
Singapore, spilling an
estimated 2,500 tons
of oil. The incident
happened in the Traffic
Separation Scheme (TSS)
of the Singapore Strait but
traffic in Asia’s busiest
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begin a search and rescue
operation.
captain and chief officer
stayed to operate the
bilge pumps. After hours
of listing, the ship went
down. The 2,400-ton
vessel was carrying
100 tourists in addition to
a crew of 50 but no
injuries were reported.
shipping lane was not
affected.
15. Fill in the correct preposition. Listen to the distress communication
phrases from the previous exercise if you need to.
1. I am .................. fire.
2. I am flooding .................. the engine room.
3. I have collided .................. iceberg. Crew must abandon vessel ..................
collision.
4. I have dangerous list ................... port. I am ................... danger ...................
capsizing.
5. I am sinking ................... explosion. I am ................... critical condition.
6. MV Morgan drifting ................... 10 knots ................... South East.
7. I am ................... attack ................... pirates.
8. MV Vectra has lost person overboard ................... position 20 degrees
35 minutes North 060 degrees 30 minutes West.
16. Choose the correct phrase according to the SMCP phrases.
1. How do you report a fire, according to the SMCP phrases?
a. Vessel is burning. b. Vessel is on fire. c. Vessel has caught fire.
2. How do you inform on the type of help needed?
a. I require medical assistance. b. I need medical assistance.
c. I want medical assistance.
3. How do you ask about the type of help needed (by a vessel)?
a. What type of help do you need? b. What kind of assistance is required?
c. What kind of assistance have you asked for?
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4. How do you report flooding?
a. MV Destiny has water in the holds. b. MV Destiny is flooding in the holds.
c. There is ingress of water in the holds of MV Destiny.
5. How do you report collision?
a. I have collided with iceberg. b. I have crashed with iceberg.
c. I have run into an iceberg.
6. How do you report grounding?
a. I have grounded. b. I am aground. c. I have stuck on ground.
17. Match the phrases to make full sentences.
In the event of a Man Overboard the following steps should be implemented:
1. You must shout … 1. visual contact.
2. You must throw … 2. “Man Overboard! Starboard / Port side!”
3. You must maintain … 3. the vessel away from the side that the person
went overboard.
4. You must raise … 4. a Williamson Turn.
5. You must inform … 5. he nearest lifebuoy overboard.
6. You must turn … 6. additional lookouts.
7. You must do … 7. the alarm.
8. You must post … 8. the bridge.
18. Use the verbs in the box to complete the sentences.
• call • proceed • not enter • stop • get • lower • close
1. Fire in the galley! ................................. the fire blanket!
2. Man overboard! ................................. the rescue boat!
3. Emergency! ................................. to your muster station immediately!
4. Flooding in the engine room! ................................. the Master!
5. The oil is leaking! ................................. the pumps!
6. Fire in the accommodation! ................................. all fire doors!
7. The air is toxic! ................................. that area!
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UNIT II. TYPES OF ALARMS ON BOARD
1. Read the text and translate the text.
Emergency Alarms
A ship crew must be prepared all the time to tackle and fight against any kind of
emergencies which can arise due to reasons such as rough weather, machinery
malfunction, pirate attack, human error etc. Such emergencies can lead to fire,
collision, flooding, grounding, environmental pollution, and loss of life.
The alarms should be clearly understood by everybody onboard. All alarms and
indicators should be clearly marked.
Types of Alarm and Signals on Ship
1. Fire System Alarm
The fire signal or alarm must be a continuous blast of the ship whistle or
electrical bell and red lightening. This alarm comes up whenever a fire detector sense
flame or smoke around the compartment it was installed.
2. Ship General Alarm
This is a common but major alarm to be aware of onboard any vessel. As per
ships, “the general emergency alarm on the ship is recognized by 7 short ringings of
the bell followed by a long ring or using the ship horn signal of 7 short blasts
followed by 1 long blast”.
Normally, the vessel general alarm system activation point is located on the
navigation bridge. Once the general alarm signal onboard is activated, every ship
crew and visitors must follow the instruction and duty’s listed in the muster list and
proceed to the designated muster station.
3. Abandon Ship Alarm
The sounds or signal are more than six short blasts and one prolonged blast on
the ship’s whistle. Same signal on the general alarm bell is used as an abandon ship
sound signal onboard the ship.
Once this signal or sounds comes up, everybody has to quickly advance to
emergency muster station where the master or his substitute (Chief mate) will address
the situation of the apartment.
Also note, when the emergency on board ship goes out of hand, and the ship is
no longer safe for the crew and visitors on board ship, the signal for abandon ship is
given verbally by the master to the station in charge of the crew on the ship’s
Personal Addressing (PA) system.
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4. Man Overboard Alarm
The alarm signal comprises of the vessel’s internal alarm bell for 3 long rings
to notify the crew and visitors on-board, along with 3 long blasts on the ship whistle
to inform the other ships in the nearby vicinity to keep away.
If MOB (man over board), a signal light and smoke can also be mounted in the
bridge, attached by the side of the lifebuoy. When thrown in the water, it will emit smoke
and light to draw attention of other ships around the vicinity, as well as ship’s crew.
5. Machinery Space and Cargo hold CO2 Alarm
The machinery space and cargo hold are fitted with a CO2 fixed fire
extinguishing system. They comprises of audible and visual alarm for the CO2 fixed
firefighting system. It’s entirely different from the machinery space alarm, cargo hold
water ingress alarm or other alarms.
This alarm normally activate upon opening the release cabinet door, which is
used to open and release the CO2 bottle banks either to the machinery space or Cargo
hold.
The signal light is red and could be written CO2 alarm indication, The audible
and visual alarm for the CO2 fixed firefighting system is entirely different from other
ship alarms for your better understanding; the audible alarm usually distinguished
from other ships’ alarms by the adjustment of sound pressure and sound patterns.
6. Ship Security Alarm
Ship Security Alarm system (SSAS) is silent alert or signal in a pirate
attack emergency situation.
When the SSAS is activated, no alarm is sounded on board the ship nor alerts
other vessels in the vicinity.
This signal notifies different coastal authorities or competent authorities whose
proximity to the ship is presently operating via a global satellite system to inform
about the piracy attack location, time, date, etc.
This alarm device is installed onboard vessels as per regulation XI-2/5 of
SOLAS Chapter XI, which says that “all ships shall be provided with a ship security
alert system”.
7. Navigational bridge and Machinery Space Alarms
Both on the navigation bridge and in the Machinery Space, most of the
equipment are fitted with failure alarms.
If any of these equipment malfunction, a ship alarm signal on the bridge or
engine control room (ECR) will be sounded whose details like; location of fault,
equipment affected, type of problem etc. will be displayed on the notification screen
provided on the control panel.
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2. Answer the questions.
1. What types of alarm system are there on board a ship?
2. Is alarm signal similar on all ships? Why?
3. What are the main alarm signals?
4. What is the signal for every above-mentioned alarm?
5. Where are the signals described?
6. What is the Muster List?
3. Translate the sentences.
1. Предотвратить аварийную ситуацию является самой важной задачей
экипажа судна, поэтому экипажу следует соблюдать меры предупреждения,
содержать судно, его устройства и оборудование в рабочем состоянии и
проводить тренировки.
2. У каждой тревоги есть свой сигнал, сигналы тревог повторяются
3–4 раза, а капитан или вахтенный помощник отдают приказ.
3. Существует несколько видов тревог: «человек за бортом», «шлюпочная
тревога», «нападение пиратов», но самой основной является общесудовая тревога.
4. В аварийных ситуациях действия членов экипажа, находящихся на
вахте, определяются судовыми расписаниями и распоряжениями капитана.
5. В судовом расписании указываются обязанности экипажа по каждому
виду судовых тревог и тип одежды и снаряжения.
6. Каждый член экипажа обязан знать устройство и особенности судна,
расположение всех спасательных средств и противопожарного оборудования,
свои обязанности и действия по тревогам.
7. Три длинных сигнала означает тревогу «человек за бортом», все не
занятые на вахте обязаны встать по местам штатного расписания по
шлюпочной тревоге, остальные поднимаются на ют и выполняют распоряжения
старшего вахтенного офицера.
8. Учебные тревоги подаются с разрешения капитана и предваряются
(to be anticipated) словом «Учебная», по всем тревогам, кроме шлюпочной и
«Человек за бортом», экипаж жилеты не надевает, но обязательно подносит их
к месту сбора.
9. Не спускайте шлюпку с людьми на борту!
10. Немедленно бросьте за борт спасательный круг!
11. Не проводите учения в плохую погоду.
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12. Аврал! Все в трюм номер
13. Приготовьте к использованию огнетушители!
4. Read and translate the text.
Muster List
A muster list is basically a list which is displayed in prominent areas of the
vessel so that every crew member on onboard can read it on a go. Normally
lifeboat deck area is made as a common muster point. Some of the important areas
where the muster list is posted are - bridge, engine room, accommodation alleyways
etc., areas where ship’s crew spends the maximum of their time.
The Important features which are displayed in the muster lists are:
- Types of Emergency and different alarms for the same.
- Main emergencies like fire, man overboard, abandon ship, oil spill etc. are
listed along with dedicated visual and audible alarms.
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- Instruction to follow in case of different types of emergencies.
- Brief instruction is given in case the alarm for a particular emergency is
sounded, which includes action to be taken by the crew onboard.
Assigned duties for abandon ship.
All the crew listed in the muster list are assigned with duties to perform in
emergency situation like carrying EPIRB and SART, lifeboat and life raft
launching etc.
The muster list is posted to keep the crew aware of the different emergency
situations and duties to be performed if such situations occur in reality. For this,
regular training and drill must be conducted by the master of the ship to ensure that
all crew members are familiar with lifesaving and firefighting appliances.
You should make yourself familiar with all relevant safety equipment and
emergency escapes as soon as possible. Your emergency muster point is indicated in
your cabin and on the Muster list. Also, make sure to wear appropriate PPE (Personal
Protective Equipment) when working. Full PPE will be worn in all areas outside the
accommodation, except the forecastle deck area. Full PPE must also be worn during
drills and emergency exercise. Life jackets and survival suits are stowed in the cabins.
Some spare life jackets are stowed at the embarkation point. There are boarding
ladders at the embarkation points on the main deck.
Glossary
PPE — Personal Protective Equipment, like helmet, goggles, safety boots,
protective clothing, etc.
Embarkation — boarding, getting aboard a ship.
Provide — supply, make available.
Allocate — to give to someone for his own use.
MOB boat — Man Overboard rescue boat.
5. Answer the questions.
1. What is the Muster List?
2. Where is it placed?
3. Where is a muster point?
4. What are important areas?
5. What important features are displayed in the Muster list?
6. What are all the crew listed in the muster list assigned with?
7. Why must regular training and drill be conducted?
8. Where will full PPE worn?
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