Файловый архив студентов. Файловый архив студентов.
1327 вузов, 5482 предметов.
/ Регистрация
FAQ Обратная связь Вопросы и предложения
Добавил:
kiopkiopkiop18@yandex.ru t.me/Prokururor I Вовсе не секретарь, но почту проверяю Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Ростовский Государственный Медицинский Университет
Предмет:
Медицина общая
Файл:

Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_980_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана

.pdf
Скачиваний:
0
Добавлен:
31.08.2026
Размер:
28 Мб
Скачать
☆
In Situ Bone Regeneration in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Denition, Indications…
https://t.me/medicina_free
97. Kim KM, Park SJ, Jung S-H, Kim EJ, Jogeswar G, Ajita J, etal. miR-182 is a negative regula­tor of osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and skeletogenesis through targeting FoxO1. J Bone Miner Res. 2012;27(8):1669–79.
98. Jaskiewicz L, Filipowicz W. Role of dicer in posttranscriptional RNA silencing. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2008;320:77–97.
99. Eguchi T, Watanabe K, Hara ES, Ono M, Kuboki T, Calderwood SK.OstemiR: a novel panel of microRNA biomarkers in osteoblastic and osteocytic differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells. PloS One. 2013;8(3):e58796.
100. Bouyer M, Guillot R, Lavaud J, Plettinx C, Olivier C, Curry V, etal. Surface delivery of tun­able doses of BMP-2 from an adaptable polymeric scaffold induces volumetric bone regen­eration. Biomaterials. 2016;104:168–81.
101. Laurencin CT, Ashe KM, Henry N, Kan HM, Lo KW-H.Delivery of small molecules for bone regenerative engineering: preclinical studies and potential clinical applications. Drug Discov Today. 2014;19(6):794–800.
102. Monteiro N, Ribeiro D, Martins A, Faria S, Fonseca NA, Moreira JN, etal. Instructive nano­brous scaffold comprising runt-related transcription factor 2 gene delivery for bone tissue engineering. ACS Nano. 2014;8(8):8082–94.
103. Chen B, Lin H, Wang J, Zhao Y, Wang B, Zhao W, etal. Homogeneous osteogenesis and bone regeneration by demineralized bone matrix loading with collagen-targeting bone morphoge­netic protein-2. Biomaterials. 2007;28(6):1027–35.
104. Park S-Y, Kim K-H, Kim S, Lee Y-M, Seol Y-J.BMP-2 gene delivery-based bone regenera­tion in dentistry. Pharmaceutics. 2019;11(8):393.
105. Khorsand B, Nicholson N, Do A-V, Femino JE, Martin JA, Petersen E, etal. Regeneration of bone using nanoplex delivery of FGF-2 and BMP-2 genes in diaphyseal long bone radial defects in a diabetic rabbit model. J Control Release. 2017;248:53–9.
106. Malek-Khatabi A, Javar HA, Dashtimoghadam E, Ansari S, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Moshaverinia A.In situ bone tissue engineering using gene delivery nanocomplexes. Acta Biomater. 2020;108:326–36.
107. Zhang Z, Hu J, Ma J, Pan J.Spontaneous regeneration of bone after removal of a vascularised bular bone graft from a mandibular segmental defect: a case report. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;53(7):650–1.
108. Elbeshir EI.Spontaneous regeneration of the mandibular bone following hemimandibulec­tomy. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1990;28(2):128–30.
109. Khodayari A, Khojasteh A, Kiani M, Nayebi A, Mehrdad L, Vahdatinia M.Spontaneous regeneration of the mandible after hemimandibulectomy: report of a case. J Dent (Tehran). 2011;8(3):152–6.
110. Matsuda S, Yoshida H, Shimada M, Yoshimura H. Spontaneous regeneration of the man­dible following hemimandibulectomy for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(33):e21756.
111. Ogunlewe MO, Akinwande JA, Ladeinde AL, Adeyemo WL.Spontaneous regeneration of whole mandible after total mandibulectomy in a sickle cell patient. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006;64(6):981–4.
112. Zita Gomes R, Paraud Freixas A, Han C-H, Bechara S, Tawil I.Alveolar ridge reconstruction with titanium meshes and simultaneous implant placement: a retrospective, multicenter clini­cal study. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:5126838.
113. von Arx T, Kurt B. Implant placement and simultaneous peri-implant bone grafting using a micro titanium mesh for graft stabilization. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1998;18(2):117–27.
114. Zhang T, Zhang T, Cai X.The application of a newly designed L-shaped titanium mesh for GBR with simultaneous implant placement in the esthetic zone: a retrospective case series study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2019;21(5):862–72.
115. Kim E-S, Kim J-J, Park E-J. Angiogenic factor-enriched platelet-rich plasma enhances invivo bone formation around alloplastic graft material. J Adv Prosthodont. 2010;2(1):7–13.
167
168
https://t.me/medicina_free
116. Khojasteh A, Morad G, Behnia H.Clinical importance of recipient site characteristics for vertical ridge augmentation: a systematic review of literature and proposal of a classication. J Oral Implantol. 2013;39(3):386–98.
117. Daftari TK, Whitesides TE Jr, Heller JG, Goodrich AC, BE MC, Hutton WC.Nicotine on the revascularization of bone graft: an experimental study in rabbits. Spine. 1994;19(8):904.
118. Negri S, Wang Y, Sono T, Lee S, Hsu GC-Y, Xu J, etal. Human perivascular stem cells pre­vent bone graft resorption in osteoporotic contexts by inhibiting osteoclast formation. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2020;9(12):1617–30.
119. Liu M, Nakasaki M, Shih Y-RV, Varghese S.Effect of age on biomaterial-mediated in situ bone tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater. 2018;78:329–40.
120. Cummings SR, Melton LJ.Epidemiology and outcomes of osteoporotic fractures. Lancet. 2002;359(9319):1761–7.
121. Gruber R, Koch H, Doll BA, Tegtmeier F, Einhorn TA, Hollinger JO.Fracture healing in the elderly patient. Exp Gerontol. 2006;41(11):1080–93.
122. Lu C, Miclau T, Hu D, Hansen E, Tsui K, Puttlitz C, etal. Cellular basis for age-related changes in fracture repair. J Orthop Res. 2005;23(6):1300–7.
123. Sethe S, Scutt A, Stolzing A. Aging of mesenchymal stem cells. Ageing Res Rev. 2006;5(1):91–116.
124. Nishida S, Endo N, Yamagiwa H, Tanizawa T, Takahashi HE.Number of osteoprogenitor cells in human bone marrow markedly decreases after skeletal maturation. J Bone Miner Metab. 1999;17(3):171–7.
125. Duscher D, Rennert RC, Januszyk M, Anghel E, Maan ZN, Whittam AJ, etal. Aging disrupts cell subpopulation dynamics and diminishes the function of mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7144.
H. S. H. Boroojeni et al.
Digitally Assisted Orthognathic Surgical
https://t.me/medicina_free
Planning: Definition, History, andInnovation
NouraM.AlOtaibi andAshrafF.Ayoub
1 Introduction
Orthognathic surgery allows three-dimensional (3D) movements of osteotomy seg­ments of the maxilla, the mandible, the chin, and the associated soft tissue. The impact of orthognathic surgery on facial appearance is signicant; therefore, precise planning and accurate prediction are crucial prior to surgery. Recent advances in 3D imaging technologies and the availability of software packages have improved orthognathic predictionplanning, and the surgical outcomes.
Orthognathic workup composes several steps, which includes clinical assess­ment, diagnosis, model surgery, planning, prediction, and fabrication of surgical guiding splint. The surgeon’s decision regarding the esthetic outcomes is fundamen­tal in the treatment planning process regardless of the type of imaging, either two­dimensional (2D) (traditional planning) or 3D (virtual planning). The 3D virtual planning provides comprehensive details of facial morphologyfor the best surgical management. Innovations in 3D imaging modalities, virtual surgical planning, and CAD/CAM techniques have contributed to the improvement of the efciency, accu­racy, and reproducibility of orthognathic surgery.
N. M. AlOtaibi Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Glasgow University Dental Hospital and School, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia e-mail: Noura.Alotaibi@glasgow.ac.uk
A. F. Ayoub (*) MVLS College, Dental school, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK e-mail: Ashraf.Ayoub@glasgow.ac.uk
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023 A. Khojasteh et al. (eds.), Emerging Technologies in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8602-4_10
169
170
https://t.me/medicina_free
N. M. AlOtaibi and A. F. Ayoub
2 History ofPlanningOrthognathic Surgery
A successful surgical outcome of dentofacial deformities depends on orthognathic planning and accurate prediction. Orthognathic model surgery planning is aimed to simulate the surgical movement of the osteotomy segments and facilitate transfer­ring the plan to the operation room. Therefore, the precision of the surgical workup is mandatory to achieve the desired outcomes.
Traditional physical model surgery planning has been used for many decades to simulate orthognathic movements. This includes a facebow transfer of the presurgi­cal maxillary dental cast onto a semi-adjustable or orthognathicarticulators. The facebow facilitates the transfer of the maxillary dentition in relation to the condylar hinge axis of the temporomandibular joints to the articulator. Inaccuracy at this stage can affect the intraoperative position of the maxilla, which will adversely impact on the nal outcomes. There are several disadvantages of traditional model surgery, including incorrect facebow transfers and inaccurate simulations of man­dibular autorotation. Several methods have been developed to overcome the inac­curacies associated with facebow transfer and traditional model surgery [1–4] (Fig.1). Recently, virtual orthognathic surgery planninghas replaced the traditional articulator basedmodel surgery.
It has to be emphasized that both traditional and virtual orthognathic model sur­gery planning should be based on comprehensive clinical and radiographic exami­nation. It is essential to record the accurate centric relation for both approaches, mainly if “maxillary-rst” is selected for the surgical sequence in bimaxillary pro­cedures. Innovations in 3D technologies and computer software have revolutionized the prediction planning of orthognathic surgery. The advancesof 3Dimaging and software technologies have facilitated the 3D virtual treatment planning, the computer- assisted fabrication of surgical splints and the production ofcustomized onlay-implants, cutting guides, and plates.
Digitally Assisted Orthognathic Surgical Planning: Denition, History, andInnovation
https://t.me/medicina_free
a
b
171
Fig. 1 Traditional physical model surgery (a) demonstration of inaccuracy in transferring the occlusal plane usingconventional facebow (left side) and the accurateocclusal plane according to the lateral cephalometric radiograph(right side), and (b) printingof 3D composite physical model of the skull and dentation as an alternative method to overcome the limitaions of thearticulator, it facilitates surgical planningand the prebendingof the xation plates. (Reprinted with permission from [1])
3 Two-dimensionalOrthognathic SurgicalPlanning
The method is based on the prole prediction planning of the lateral cephalogram radiographs. The clinician traces all points and measurements on the lateral cepha­logrph. This method is time-consuming in addition to the inaccuracies of the mea­surements. Software based cephalometric analysis has provided an attractive alternative to manual tracing. Various computer software packages were developed to facilitatethe digitization of the cephalometriclandmarks and to obtainlinear and
172
https://t.me/medicina_free
Fig. 2 Digitalized radiograph for cephalometric analysis
N. M. AlOtaibi and A. F. Ayoub
angular measurements automatically. This method simplies cephalometric analy­sis and saves time compared to the manual tracing of the radiographs (Fig.2). The 2D predictionplanning relies on a lateral cephalograph and a 1:1 ratio lateral trans­parent photograph of the patient’s prole that is directly superimposed on the radio­graphto produce a combined facial, skeletal, and dental image for analysis (Fig.3). Several 2D softwarepackagesare available for the prediction of changes of the soft tissue prole due to orthognathic movements. These packages arelimited to pro­le prediction planning which is of a limited value in the surgical correction of facial asymmetry[5].
Figure 4 illustrates the Traditional orthognathic workup, the prediction plan­ning should be based on comprehensive clinical assessment and radiographic evaluation.
In summary, several potential errors are associated with traditional model sur­gery due to the inaccuracies in facebow transfer, bite registration, dental impres­sions, model measurements,and human errors related to each clinical and laboratory step [6]. Studies on traditional 2D orthognathic planning using articulators and cephalometric analysis have proved the signicant differences between the planned and postoperative outcomes of orthognathic surgery [7].
Traditional Model Surgery
Digitally Assisted Orthognathic Surgical Planning: Denition, History, andInnovation
https://t.me/medicina_free
a
b
c
173
Fig. 3 Two-dimensional traditional orthognathic planning: (a) manual superimposition of lateral cephalographon a 2D lateral photograph (1:1 ratio)followedby cutting and pasting of the oste­otomy segments for proleprediction planning (b) 2D cephalometric analysis and orthognathic prediction planning using a 2D softwarefor orthognathicprediction planning, (c) the limited2D orthognathic prediction planning of the prolewhich is of a limited value in asymmetric cases
Dental Impressions
Facebow Transfer
Fig. 4 The workow of traditional model surgery
Bite
Registration
Mounting of
dental models
on the articulator
Repositioning of
the osteotomy
segments
Rabrication of
the guiding
occlusal splint
174
Virtual Surgical Planning
https://t.me/medicina_free
N. M. AlOtaibi and A. F. Ayoub
4 Three-dimensionalOrthognathic SurgicalPlanning
Virtual Surgical Planning (VSP)has been applied routinely in craniofacial surgery, neurosurgery, and orthopedics [8–11]. The workow of 3D VSP for orthognathic surgery is summarized in (Fig.5). VSPis usually delivered by the orthognathic multidisciplinary team that consists of an oral and maxillofacial surgeon, orthodon­tist, and maxillofacial engineer/technologist. Some institutions have an ofced­based 3D-VSP unit, and a VSP-trained maxillofacial engineer or technologist is on-site.On the other hand,virtual meeting could be also carried outwith a third party to conduct the VSPon-line.
Digitally assisted 3D virtual orthognathic planning has several advantages. It improves accuracy and facilitates presurgical simulation. It provides a 3D assess­ment of the dentofacial components, jaws relationship, 3D cephalometry, a compre­hensive visualization of the maxillomandibular complex, identication of unrecognized yaw/pitch/roll movements, facial asymmetries, and changes of the occlusal plane (Fig.6). Also, it allows immediate evaluation of the impact of the surgical movements on facial hard and soft tissues that cannot be recognized by
+ +
12345
3D Data Acquisition
3D Composite Model Virtual Surgical
Osteotomies
3D Virtual Prediction Surgical Splint
Construction
Fig. 5 The workow of virtual surgical planning
Fig. 6 The 3D virtual model of the skin, jawbones, and dentitions of one of the facial asymme-
try cases
Digitally Assisted Orthognathic Surgical Planning: Denition, History, andInnovation
https://t.me/medicina_free
175
Fig. 7 Three-dimensional virtual orthognathic planning of correction of an anterior open bite (AOB) showing the expected changes in facial appearance
traditional planning (Fig.7). Moreover, VSP eliminates all laboratory errors associ­ated with traditional model surgery [7].It facilitates theimprovement of soft tissue, whichis readily visible, predictable, and should be always considered in orthogna­thic surgicalplanning [12]. The trainees and patients can benet from virtual surgi­cal planning as an educational tool.
Currently, none of the available 3D imaging modalities can accuratelycapture all the structures of a the face 3 simultaneously which includes the facial skeleton, dentition, and soft tissue. Therefore, combining and merging 3D imaging of differ­ent capture sources is often necessary (Fig.8).
4.1 Data Collection
4.1.1 Skull andJaw Bones
The bone structures of the skullcan be obtained by conventional computed tomog­raphy (CT) scan or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan. Several advan­tages and disadvantages of each method have been reported. Today, CBCT isused routinely for diagnosing and planning the surgical correction of dentofacial
176
https://t.me/medicina_free
Fig. 8 Superimposition of stereophotogrammetry of the faceon a 3D CBCT scan using a match­ing algorithm to build the 3D virtual model for orthognathic planning
N. M. AlOtaibi and A. F. Ayoub
deformities. It is recommended to use a high-resolution CBCT scan for VSP at vox­els size of a maximum of 0.3mm in height, width, and depth. The head scan is then exported in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) formatfor analysis and predictionplanning[13].
There are several advantages of CBCT over the conventional CT head scan that include the position of the patient; in CT scanning, the patient is lying down, and the soft tissues are affected by gravity. In contrast, the CBCT allows the face to be cap­tured in the natural head position (NHP) while standing up or sitting down. Also, the CT scanner encloses the patient’s head while the CBCT does not, which may pose some difculties for claustrophobic patients. The CBCTscaning subject the patients to a considerably less radiation dose compared to the conventional CT [14]. The disadvantages of CBCT scanning includethe development of streak artifacts and intensity noise from metallic objects, motion artifacts, and thenon-textured color­less skin capture.
4.1.2 Dentition
Due to the streak artifacts and magnication of the teeth in the CT/CBCT, the denti­tion must be replaced with an accurate 3D dentalimage [2, 15, 16]. The dentition can be scanned and digitalized either directly or indirectly. The direct method of capturing the dentition is achieved usingintraoral scanning (IOS) device. In the indirect method thedental study modelsare scannedusinga laser scanner or a high­resolution CT/CBCT of 0.2 voxel (see case 1).
CBCT Cast Scan
Currently, CBCT scans are used routinely for the scanning of dental study models (Fig.9).
Intraoral Laser Scan (IOS)
The direct method of obtaining 3D data of thedentition is via intraoral scanners (Fig.10) (see case 2). The main advantage of IOS is that it does not expose the patients to radiationand eliminates the inconvenience of taking dental impression.
Соседние файлы в папке Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана
Помощь Обратная связь Вопросы и предложения Пользовательское соглашение Политика конфиденциальности