voiding freely.

the vessels over the pubic arch including the corona mortis veins. The most common are injury to the IEV, and this can be avoided by using the midline approach and by inserting all the ports under direct vision. Injury to the major vessels is catastrophic; a correct lateral traction of the sac and spermatic structure with medial approach may be helpful in avoiding it. A careful practice should be used when retracting or dissecting closer to the “triangle of doom.” Visceral injuries including but not limited to the bowels and uri­nary tract can be reduced by careful dissection and limiting the use of diathermy. Transmitted energy through the thin peritoneal layer may result in injury to the underlying bowel. Patients with previous pelvis surgery, sliding hernia, and large inguinoscrotal hernia are at risk for bladder injury, in which case urinary catheterization may be necessary. In the event of injuries, these can be managed by an endolaparoscopic suture repair. Nerve injuries can be prevented by accurate lat­eral dissection, limiting the number of staplers/ tackers if xation is needed and using of absorb­able tackers or sealant. Spermatic cord injuries can be lessened by properly identifying the anat­omy and avoiding too much traction of the cord. Tears in the peritoneum can also occur especially during the early stage of the learning curve. All peritoneal tears should be closed by using suture loops or hem-o-loks.