Добавил:
Sekretar
kiopkiopkiop18@yandex.ru
t.me/Prokururor I Вовсе не секретарь, но почту проверяю
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_3644_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
.pdf
Surgical Neuroangiography 3
The complete three-volume set consists of
Volume 1
Clinical Vascular Anatomy and Variations
Volume 2
Clinical and Endovascular Treatment Aspects in Adults
Volume 3
Clinical and Interventional Aspects in Children
P. Lasjaunias
K. G. ter Brugge
A. Berenstein
3
Surgical
Neuroangiography
Clinical and Interventional Aspects
in Children
Second Edition
With 865 Figures in 2277 Separate Illustrations
and 102 Tables
123
Pierre Lasjaunias, M.D.,Ph.D.
Professeur des Universités en Anatomie
Chef de Service de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique et Thérapeutique
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bicêtre
78, rue du Général Leclerc,94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre,France
Karel G. ter Brugge, M.D.,FRCPC
The David Braley and Nancy Gordon Chair
in Interventional Neuroradiology
University of Toronto
Head,Division of Neuroradiology
Toront o We stern Hospital, UHN
399 Bathurst St.,3MCL – 434,Toronto,ON M5T 2S8, Canada
Alejandro Berenstein, M.D.
Professor of Radiology and Neurosurgery
Albert Einstein School of Medicine, NY
Director of the Hyman-Newman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery,
and of The Center for Endovascular Surgery
Roosevelt Hospital Medical Center
1000 10
th
Ave.10 G, New York, NY 10019,USA
ISBN 10 3-540-41681-1 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
ISBN 13 978-3-540-41681-4 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
Library of Congress Control Number: 00049688
This work is subject to copyright.All rights reserved, whether the whole or part of the material
is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,
broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in databanks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German
Copyright Law of September,9,1965, in its current version,and permission for use must always
be obtained from Springer-Verlag.Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.
Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media
springer.com
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997, 2006
The use of general descriptive names, registered names,trademarks,etc.in this publication does
not imply,even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and there forefree for general use.
Productliability: The publisher cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage
and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature.
Editor: Dr.Ute Heilmann,Heidelberg
Desk Editor: Dörthe Mennecke-Bühler,Heidelberg
Production: LE-TeX Jelonek, Schmidt & Vöckler GbR, Leipzig
Reproduction and Typesetting: AM-productions GmbH,Wiesloch
Cover design:E.Kirchner,Heidelberg
Printed on acid-free paper 21/3100/YL – 5 4 3 2 1 0
This volume completes the 3-volume series of the second edition of “Surgical Neuroangiography”.
In the first volume, functional vascular anatomy, collateral circulation
and vascular variations affecting the brain and spinal cord were described in detail. The second volume dealt with neurovascular diseases in
adults and their management by surgical neuroangiography. This third
volume focuses on the management of vascular diseases affecting the
brain, spinal cord, and head and neck areas in the pediatric age group.
Tw enty-seven years have elapsed since the original publication of the
first part of volume 1,“The Craniofacial and Upper Cervical Arteries”, in
1979. Eighteen years later the first edition of the volume on “Vascular Diseases in Neonates, Infants and Children” was published, which documented our improved understanding and growing experience with the
endovascular management of pediatric patients.
Similar to our experience in adults, we were able to make significant
discoveries in the pediatric population,allowing us to break down previously established obstacles, widen the scope of our specialty, and create
new reference points. This in turn is likely to facilitate the evolution of
new management strategies as it will stimulate the participation of experts with different clinical backgrounds.
It took us 10 years to create the second edition of the 6 previously published books and convert them into 3 large volumes.
These books are based on shared practices, thoughts, and doubts,
rather than on a compromise between 3 different individuals. They
demonstrate a common vision generated by 30 years of practice and
commitment. Our different personal skills and knowledge were enhanced by the others’visions and thoughts. These books are therefore not
multi-author books but the reflection of 3 experiences integrated into a
common larger one.
Recognition of the specificities of pediatric diseases is particularly
challenging. It reflects the degree of sophistication and maturation of a
given society.The development of pediatric hospitals and pediatric neurosurgery in the second half of the twentieth century already signified
this evolution.
These 3 volumes are meant to constitute the theoretical background of
modern management of neurovascular diseases in adults and children.
Our desire to share and teach this experience started in the early 1980s
with the New York University/Paris XI University joint courses, the ABC
Courses that were started in Paris 15 years ago, and more recently the
Preface to the Second Edition
PerfaceVI
To ronto Course. Finally, this text corresponds to the Syllabus of the present Masters Degree in Neurovascular Diseases, jointly created by the
Paris XI and Mahidol Universities, taught in Asia and open to students
from all over the world.
However,our task has not been finished yet.As new frontiers keep appearing, they allow new fields to be explored and new teaching challenges
to be resolved. We believe that these 3 volumes will contribute to an improved understanding of neurovascular disorders and that they represent
a solid foundation upon which the development of new approaches of
treatment can be based.
October 2006 Pierre Lasjaunias,Karel ter Brugge,Alex Berenstein
We wish to thank our colleagues from the pediatric ICUs, Pediatric Neurology, Neurosurgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, and their teams without
whom we could not have accomplished this work.
Our particular thanks go to:
Prof. Denis De Victor
Dr.Philippe Durand
Dr.Laurent Chevret
Prof. Marc Ta r dieu
Prof. Pierre Landrieu
Prof.Michel Zerah
Prof. Marc Tadié
Prof. Marie Paule Vazquez
Prof. Dan Benhamou
Prof. Jacques Duranteau
Prof.Fred Epstein* (*deceased)
Prof. Mark Persky
Prof. Milton Waner
Prof. Mark Kupersmith
Dr.Peter Dirks
Dr.Derek Armstrong
Dr.Gabrielle deVeber
This volume on vascular diseases in neonates,infants and children represents the fruit of our labour and experience in interventional neuroradiology in children that started in 1975, and now accounting for 30% of the
activity in our unit at Bicêtre in Paris. The competence and support of the
anaesthesia, paediatric intensive care, and paediatric neurology departments in Bicêtre have been key factors in our development,and their specific contributions are included in these pages. Through collaboration, I
have learned that “multidisciplinary approach” is not just a turn of
phrase, but rather the way adults who respect one another share information, and I have also learned that children are not small adults.
I am especially indebted to Karel ter Brugge, to whom I owe the development, in 1984, of my paediatric interventional practice. Over the past
15 years, beyond our friendship, our practical and academic collaboration has never ceased. It is reflected in this book: not only did Karel edit
the whole of this work, he also wrote the core of the chapter on
aneurysms (with Jehad Al-Watban) as well as the chapter on cerebral arterial ischaemia (with Guillaume Sebire). Throughout the years, encouragement from the neurosurgeons has been precious. I also particularly
appreciate the continuous support of A. Raimondi, who in Child’s Ner-
vous System provided us with a forum to publish our material.
Because vascular diseases are rare in neonates, infants and children
and geographically dispersed, the international neuroradiology network
that we have created has been very beneficial. The greater part of the information used in this volume was contributed via this network. This is
not, then, a multi-author book, but rather the result of observations converging at various intervention sites: Toronto (Karel ter Brugge), Lisbon
(Augusto Goulao), London (Wendy Taylor), Berlin (Jörg Meisel and
Christian Koch), Singapore (Robert Kwok), Riyadh (Jehad Al-Watban),
Bangkok (Sirintara Pongpech and Suthisak Suthipongchai), Stockholm
(Michael Soderman), Cape Town (Steve Beningfield), and Bicêtre, Paris
(Georges Rodesch and Hortensia Alvarez).
Is a book the best means of communicating or sharing experience?
Textbooks are only seldom quoted and often hardly read.Until recently, a
written work was a synonym for book, but nowadays it may also appear
on the computer screen. Although it may seem archaic - technically
speaking - when compared to electronic publications, a book appeals to
more of the senses and its content is more likely to be remembered. It
must, however, choose between having its own style,and thus being controversial, or becoming sterile, politically correct, and consensual. No
Preface to the First Edition
doubt books of the latter kind will become an endangered species, for
they lose the elements of human imperfection and coherence.
Most of those we have trained at Bicêtre or elsewhere have contributed
to our analysis of paediatric vascular pathologies, and their work has
usually been published. All or part of this material has been grouped
within the corresponding chapters:
–Aneurysmal malformations of the vein of Galen: Ricardo Garcia-
Monaco (Buenos Aires), Hortensia Alvarez, Michel Zerah (Paris), Na-
dine Girard (Marseille), Soichi Inagawa (Hamamatsu), Jehad Al-Wat-
ban, Maria Moersdorf (Trier), and Dominique Fournier (Angers)
–Pial arteriovenous malformations: Hortensia Alvarez, Yuo Iizuka
(Tokyo),and Robert Willinsky (Toronto)
–Dural arteriovenous shunts: Ronie Piske (Sao Paulo),Augusto Goulao,
Jean de Villiers, Francis Hui (Singapore), Georges Magufis (Athens),
Wendy Tay l or, and Robert Kwok
–Venous ischaemia: Michael Soderman
–Venous malformations and abnormalities: R. Piske, Karel ter Brugge,
Jörg Meisel,and Philippe Pruvost (Bicêtre)
–Traumatisms and epistaxis: Suthisak Suthipongchai (Bangkok) and
Hortensia Alvarez
–Para-notochordal fistulas: Georges Rodesch and Marco Trosselo Pas-
tore (Bologna)
–Spinal cord: Georges Rodesch
As for the chapters on maxillofacial malformations and facial haemangiomas, Patricia Burrows (currently in Boston) contributed an essential
part of the content.
In the last chapter, finally, we are privileged to be able to reproduce
work of very high quality: a part of Jeanne-Claudie Larroche’s (Paris)
foetal pathology atlas, meningeal spaces anatomy studied by Roy O.
Weller (Sout hampton),meningeal vascularisation in the foetus by Claude
Maillot and Pierre Kherli (Strasbourg), and a perinatal cerebral myelinisation MRI atlas by Nadine Girard.
In agreement with Alex Berenstein,with whom all five volumes of Sur-
gical Neuroangiography were published from 1986 to 1992, certain of the
cases presented in volumes 2,3 and 5 have been used again here, completed by follow-up X-rays taken nearly 10 years after embolisation in some
cases.Accent has been put on the clinical experience acquired.Whenever
the benefit of therapeutic hindsight was pertinent and the number of patients sufficient,the resulting figures were given.As it was impossible for
this work to be exhaustive, we do not make any such claims. More often
than not, we present our cases in terms of global care, whether lesions
were embolised or not.Arterial and venous ischaemia are thus discussed
in this volume,too, to reflect their clinical significance in a practice such
as ours.Technique has thus been relegated to a position of secondary importance, which justifies the title of this work.
In Va scular Diseases in Neonates, Infants and Children,rarely is the dis-
ease itself presented but rather its consequences. The morphological approach in vascular pathology is actually blatantly inadequate.Our knowledge of vascular diseases today is about equivalent to that of infectious
PrefaceVIII
diseases at the end of the eighteenth century: an abscess or a pleural effusion could be drained,just as we can obstruct a vascular malformation or
an aneurysm; however, the causes and remedies remain to be found for
affected vessels just as infectious agents and antibiotics did for an abscess
or pleurisy then.Notions far removed from the usual preoccupations of a
diagnostic and therapeutic neuroradiologist have been introduced: for
example, the postnatal nature (as opposed to the congenital nature) of
cerebral arteriovenous malformations, angiogenesis,vascular disease genetics, apoptosis, and vascular remodelling.
The complete excision of a vascular lesion in a child often proves to be
very mutilating and the long-term burden of handicap and dependence
too heavy to bear. Hence, our intuition that partial treatment is valid has
been confirmed.Whereas initially it resulted from failure to do better,it is
now a therapeutic goal in itself - and sometimes the only acceptable one.
These disorders are not necessarily treated to obliterate the image of the
vascular lesion, but rather to correct the underlying causes of failure of
the natural repairing systems.Vascular remodelling and the restoration
of normal maturation processes complement endovascular treatments.
Many interpretations of the facts have been offered.They illustrate the
logical decision-making pathway we had to construct so as to make
sound and reproducible decisions. It is this logic that has cemented our
experience and grounded our teaching. The logic we use, though it appears to many to be a working hypothesis, is necessary when communicating with parents and children. Trusting relationships with children
differ from those which can be established with adults. Trust is not won
with eloquence, false seduction or pontificating certitudes. It is not difficult to gain, but it is the result of a simple relationship, free of deception
or worries. Children are not usually afraid and are actually extraordinarily brave,in the adult sense of the term. They do not love the doctor; they
simply trust him.
January 1997 Pierre Lasjaunias
IXPreface
Соседние файлы в папке Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана