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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5181_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
398
Index
Cerebral palsy (CP), 157
Cervical spine, 227
algorithm, 241
arm pain predominant, 244
clinical conditions, 234, 235
conservative treatment, 243
diagnostic studies, 230, 231, 234
herniated disc, 236
history, 227, 228
hyperextension injuries, 240
neck pain predominant, 243, 244
physical examination, 228–230
Cervical spondylosis, 237, 238
Charcot arthropathy, 390
Chemotherapy, 131
Chondrosarcoma, 117
Chromosomal defects, 29
Chronic elbow problems, 269
Clear cell chondrosarcoma, 119
Compartment syndrome, 317
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), 391
Congenital deformity, 30
Congenital dislocation, 159
Congenital malformations, 300
Congenital scoliosis, 181
Conventional radiographs, 41
Core-needle biopsy, 110
Coronoid fractures, 291
Corrosion, 38–40
Creep, 33
Cubital tunnel syndrome, 279, 290
Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), 338
D
Deformable body, 33
Denosumab, 14
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), 159
Diabetic foot Infections, 389, 390
Discoid meniscus, 169
Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs),
239, 278
Dislocations, 285
Distal biceps rupture, 284
Distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ), 381
Down syndrome, 154
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), 13
Dupuytren’s contracture, 309, 310
Dysplasias, 29
E
Elastic cartilage, 9
Elbow
anatomy
muscles, 265–267
neurovascular, 267, 269
skeletal, 263–265
arthritis, 278
cubital tunnel syndrome, 279, 280
dislocation, 287
evaluation, 269, 270
fractures, 287–289, 291
lateral epicondylitis, 275
lateral ulnar collateral ligament injury, 291, 292
little leaguer’s elbow, 283
medial collateral ligament, 293
medial epicondylitis, 276, 277
olecranon bursitis, 281
olecranon fractures, 288
panner’s disease, 282
physical examination, 270
radiographic evaluation, 271, 272
treatment, 273, 274
Enchondroma, 121
Eosinophilic granuloma, 125
Epithelioid sarcoma, 133
Ewing sarcoma, 119
Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU), 309
Extensor digitorum brevis (EDB), 370
Extensor digitorum longus (EDL), 370
Extensor pollicis longus (EPL), 309
F
Femoral neck fractures, 77
Femoral shaft fractures, 79
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), 197, 198
Ferguson view, 44
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF), 29
Fibrocartilage, 9
Fibromatosis, 135
Fibrosarcoma, 133
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR), 309
Flexor digitorum brevis (FDB), 370
Flexor digitorum longus (FDL), 370
Flexor hallucis longus (FHL), 365
Foot
acquired deformities, 380
anatomy, 365–367
arthritic conditions, 387
charcot arthropathy, 391
deformities, 169
diabetic foot infections, 390
diseases, 373, 374
fractures, 374, 376, 378
gait cycle, 372
history and physical examination, 372, 373
injuries, 382
ligaments, 368, 369
muscles, 370, 371
nerves, 371, 372
radiology, 373
Force, 33
Forefoot, 380
Fracture
acromioclavicular separation, 71
classic fractures, 59
classication, 61
clavicle, 70
Index
399
complications, 62, 63
damage control orthopedics, 65
deformities, 54, 55
descriptors, 54
dislocation, 81
dislocation of the elbow, 72
femoral neck, 77, 78
head, 74
hip, 77
humeral shaft, 71
initial evaluation, 53, 54
internal xation, 66, 67, 69
knee, 79
ligament tears, 59
long bone fractures treatment, 69
mode of loading, 55
muscle injury, 59
nerve damage, 59
olecranon, 73
orthopedic emergencies, 62
patella, 81
patterns, 55, 56
pelvic, 74–76
periarticular fractures, 69
proximal humerus, 70
skeletal trauma, 61
soft tissues, 58
tibial plafond fractures, 81, 84
tibial shaft, 81
treatment, 61, 63–65
upper extremity, 69
vascular injury, 58
Fracture healing, 60
mechanical phase, 60
metabolic phase, 60
vascular phase, 60
dupuytren’s contracture, 309
fractures, 314, 316, 317
history, 295, 296
imaging, 297, 298
infection, 311–313
kienbock’s disease, 310
lacerations, 313
management protocols, 304, 321
metabolic disease, 318
neoplasms, 320, 321
nerve compression syndromes, 306, 307
pathophysiology, 299
physical examination, 296, 297
tendon disorders, 308, 309
vascular, 319
Harris View, 45
Heel pain, 386
Hematogenous, 89
Hematologic disease, 152, 153
Hematologic syndromes, 26
Hemophilia, 26, 150
Herniated disc, 251–253
Heterotopic ossication (HO), 347
Hip arthritis, 337
Hip dislocations, 76
Hip osteoarthritis
anatomy, 323, 325, 328
classication, 337, 338
complications, 346–348
patient evaluation, 330, 331
surgical management, 340–346
total hip replacement, 342–346
Humeral shaft fractures, 71
Hyaline cartilage, 9
Hyperparathyroidism, 15, 16
Hypotensive epidural anesthesia (HEA), 346
G
Gait cycle, 372
Galeazzi fracture, 72
Ganglia, 137
Giant cell tumor of bone, 124
Glenohumeral internal rotation decit (GIRD), 222
Glenohumeral ligaments, 201
Golfer's elbow, 276
Gout, 23
Grashey view, 42
Gunshot wounds (GSWs), 284
H
Hallux rigidus, 380
Hallux valgus, 380
Hallux varus, 380
Hand, 295
arthritis, 303, 305, 306
arthroscopy, 298
complex upper extremity injuries, 317, 318
congenital hand differences, 299–301, 303
I
Incisional biopsy, 110
Inammatory arthritis, 22
Inlet view, 44
Intertrochanteric fractures, 78
J
Joint reaction force (JRF), 35
Judet views, 44
Juvenile rheumatoid disease, 150
K
Kienbock’s disease, 310, 311
Knee degenerative changes, 358
Knee osteoarthritis
anatomy, 351, 352, 354
biomechanics, 354
evaluation, 354–357
pathology, 357–359
Kyphosis, 181
400
Index
L
Lacerations, 313
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), 125
Lateral collateral ligament (LCL), 352
Lateral epicondylitis, 275
Lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL), 265
Leiomyosarcoma, 132
Lesser toe deformities, 381
Ligament(s), 37, 189, 368, 369
injuries, 358
tears, 59
Ligamentous injuries, 291
Lipomas, 133
Liposarcoma, 132
Locking compression plates (LCP), 288
Long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT), 203
Low contact dynamic compression plate (LCDCP), 288
Lumbar spine, 245
algorithm, 256, 258
back strain-lumbago, 250
clinical conditions, 250
diagnostic studies, 247–249
drug therapy, 259
epidural steroid injection, 259
history, 245
physical examination, 245
physical therapy, 261
spondylolisthesis, 254, 256
traction, 260
Lyme disease, 151
M
Malignant bone tumors, 113
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), 135
Mechanical properties, 38
Medial collateral ligament (MCL), , -294, 190, 293, 351,
352
Medial ulnar collateral ligament (MCL), -294, 277, 293
Meniscus, 187, 192
Merchant view, 45
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, 119
Mesenchymal tumors
benign bone tumors, 121
biology and growth, 104
biopsy, 110
chondrosarcoma, 117, 118
clinical evaluation, 105, 106
ewing sarcoma, 119, 120
ve patterns, 104, 105
ganglia, 137
giant cell tumor of bone, 124, 125
histologic characteristics, 115
lipomas, 134
malignant bone tumors, 114
mechanisms, 105
metastatic bone disease, 126, 127, 129
osteoid osteomas, 123, 124
osteosarcoma, 116, 117
radiographic evaluation, 106, 107
radiographic ndings, 114, 115
soft tissue sarcomas, 129, 130, 132
staging, 108, 109
surgical procedures, 110–112
Metabolic arthritides, 23
Metabolic bone disease, 11
Metals, 39
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP), 367, 381
Metatarsus adductus, 171
Methylene diphosphonate (MDP), 51
Midfoot injuries, 377
Miscellaneous, 30
Miscellaneous arthropathy, 220
Monteggia fracture, 72, 291
Mortise view, 45
Multidirectional instability, 224, 225
Muscle(s), 191, 192, 370
Musculocutaneous nerve, 268
Musculoskeletal imaging
bone scan, 50, 51
cervical spine, 46
computed tomography, 46, 47
conventional radiographs, 42
foot, 45
hand/wrist, 43
knee, 45
magnetic resonance imaging, 48–50
pelvis, 44
PET scan, 51
shoulder, 42, 43
Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS), 100
Musculoskeletal tissues
articular cartilage, 188
ligaments, 189, 190
meniscus, 192
muscle, 191
tendons, 189
Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS), 108
Myelography, 232
Myelopathy, 238
Myxoid liposarcoma, 132
N
Neck sprain, 235
Nerve conduction velocity (NCV), 212
Neurodevelopmental disorders, 27
Neurobroma, 134
Neurologic diseases, 27
Neuromuscular deformity, 181
Neuromuscular disease, 157, 158
Noninammatory arthritis, 21
Nonsteroidal anti-inammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 168,
338, 359
O
Obturator oblique, 44
Ochronosis, 23
Olecranon bursitis (OB), 280
Index
401
Olecranon fractures, 288
Open reduction and internal xation (ORIF), 274, 288
Orthopaedics, 33, 34, 36, 38, 39
Orthopaedic surgeons, 41
Osgood–Schlatter’s disease, 168
Osteoarthritis, 217–219, 387
Osteochondral autograft or allograft transplantation
(OATS), 282
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), 168, 281
Osteochondromas, 122
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), 17
Osteoid osteomas, 122
Osteomalacia, 15
Osteomyelitis, 145
adult septic arthritis, 96
open fracture, 97, 98
pathogenesis, 87, 88
pediatric infections, 89–91, 93, 94
prosthetic joint infections, 99, 100
Osteopetrosis, 18
Osteoporosis, 12, 250
Osteosarcoma, 113, 114
Osteotomy, 340
Outlet view, 44
P
Paget’s disease, 19–21
Palpation, 207
Paronychia, 389
Patella, 80
Pathologic fracture, 60
Pediatric orthopaedics
anatomic structures, 139–142
arthritis, 150
biological differences, 139
DDH, 159, 160, 162
factors, 142
foot deformities, 170–172
hematologic disease, 152–154, 156
infection, 145–150
limp, 176, 177
metabolic disease, 151
neuromuscular disease, 157, 158
non-accidental trauma, 176
regional orthopedic problems, 159
skeletal growth, 142
skeletal variations, 143
slipped capital femoral epiphysis, 166–168
spine, 177–179
torsional variations, 143
trauma, 175
upper extremity, 172, 173
Pediatric septic arthritis, 92
Pediatric trauma, 173, 174
Pelvic fractures, 74, 75
Peroneal tendon disorders, 382
Perthes’ disease, 164
Physeal cartilage, 9
Physeal fractures, 60
Pilon fractures, 374
Plain radiographs, 230
Polymers, 38
Positron emission tomography (PET), 51
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), 352
Posterior interosseous nerve (PIN), 268, 275
Posterior tibial tendon, 385, 386
Posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI), 276, 292
Prosthetic joint infections (PJI), 99
Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ), 381
Pseudogout, 23
Puncture wounds, 389
R
Rehabilitation, 273
Renal osteodystrophy, 15, 17
Rheumatoid arthritis, 22, 239, 306, 388
Rotator cuff arthropathy, 215
Rotator cuff disease, 212, 213
S
Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT), 303
Scapulothoracic articulation, 205
Schwannomas, 134
Scoliosis, 177
Septic arthritis, 148
Shoulder
acromioclavicular joint, 204
adhesive capsulitis, 220, 221
biceps tendon, 209
calcic tendinitis, 221
clinical examination, 205–209, 215, 216
glenohumeral internal rotation decit, 223
glenohumeral joint, 201
glenohumeral ligaments, 202
instability, 210
labrum, 202
long head of the biceps tendon, 203
miscellaneous arthropathy, 220
multidirectional instability, 224
osteoarthritis, 217, 219
rotator cuff, 203, 208, 209
rotator cuff arthropathy, 215
rotator interval, 202
sternoclavicular (SC) joint, 205
subacromial space, 204
superior labrum, 223, 224
treatment, 213–215
Skeletal dysplasias, 155
Skin cancers, 319
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), 159, 166, 195
Soft tissue lesions, 391
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS), 129
Spinal manipulation, 260
Spinal stenosis, 253
Spondylolisthesis, 183, 254
402
Index
Sports medicine, 187
evaluation, 193–195
musculoskeletal tissues, 187–191
treatment, 196, 197
Sprengel’s deformity, 172
Stress, 36, 37
Stress fractures, 60
Subacromial space, 204
Subaxial instability, 239
Subtrochanteric fractures, 78
Sunrise view, 45
Superior labrum, 223
Swimmers view, 46
Syndesmosis injuries, 374
Synovial sarcoma, 133
T
Talus fractures, 374
Tendon disorders, 308
Tendons, 37, 188
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT), 136
Teriparatide, 14
Thromboembolic disease (TED), 346
Tibial plateau fractures, 80
Titanium, 39
Total elbow replacement (TEA), 278
Total hip arthroplasty, 341
Total hip replacement (THR), 341
Triceps tendon ruptures, 285
Tumors, 103
U
UHMWPE, 38
Ulnar collateral ligament, 187
Ulnar deviation, 43
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), 105, 120,
121, 132
Unicameral bone cysts (UBCs), 124
V
Vascular disease, 24
Vascular malformations, 135
Velpeau axillary view, 43
Venous thromboembolic events (VTE), 14
Visual analog scale (VAS), 276
W
West point view, 43
Y
Young’s modulus, 36
Z
Zanca view, 43
Zirconia, 39