Английский язык. Учебное пособие-4
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МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «КАБАРДИНО-БАЛКАРСКИЙГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. Х.М. БЕРБЕКОВА»
ENGLISH
Study guide
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Учебное пособие
Рекомендовано Редакционно-издательским советом КБГУ в качестве учебного пособия для студентов,обучающихся по направлению подготовки49.03.01Физическая культура
Нальчик
КБГУ
2024
1
УДК 811.111 (075.8)
ББК 81.2 Англ. я73
А64
Рецензенты:
кафедра общих гуманитарных и социально-экономических дисциплин
Северо-Кавказского государственного института искусств
доктор филологических наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник Института гуманитарных исследований КБНЦ РАН
Ф.Т. Узденова
Авторы: Мукова М.Н., Хутова Е.Р., Асанова М.С., Карчаева С.Х.
А64 Английский язык : учебное пособие / М. Н. Мукова, Е. Р. Хутова, М. С. Асанова, С. Х. Карчаева ; Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации, Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет им. Х.М. Бербекова. – Нальчик :
Каб.-Балк. ун-т, 2024. – 104 с. – Библиогр. : с. 103. – 50 экз. –
Текст : непосредственный.
Пособие включает 12 разделов, состоящих из аутентичных текстов на английском языке, посвященных миру спорта, знаменитым спортсменам и спортивным династиям, снабженных разнообразными упражнениями на освоение лексического и грамматического материала, на общее понимание содержания текстаи развитиекоммуникативных навыков.
Предназначено для студентов 1–2 курсов направления «Физическая культура».
УДК 818.111 (075.8)
ББК 81.2 Англ. я73
♥ Мукова М.Н., Хутова Е.Р., Асанова М.С., Карчаева С.Х.,2024
2
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
ВВЕДЕНИЕ ………………………………………………………….. 4 UNIT 1. The importance of sport …………………….……………... 5 UNIT 2. The history of the Olympics ………………………………... 12
UNIT3. Sporting blood: 6 russian dynasties who know nothing but gold |
19 |
UNIT 4. Sports in nation building ……………………………………. |
25 |
UNIT 5. Should violent sport like wrestling be banned? ……………. |
33 |
UNIT 6. Greatest Russian athletes of all time ……………………..… |
39 |
UNIT 7. X-sport. How extreme is extreme ………………………….. |
46 |
UNIT 8. Psychology – 4C’s ………………………………………….. |
52 |
UNIT 9. The paralympic games …………………………………….. |
60 |
UNIT 10. The will to win ……………………………………………. |
67 |
UNIT 11. Lightening bolt ……………………………………………. |
71 |
UNIT 12. Doping in sports …………………………………………… |
78 |
TEXTS FOR ADDITIONAL READING ……………………………. |
86 |
GLOSSARY ………………………………………………………….. |
99 |
ЛИТЕРАТУРА ………………………………………………………. |
103 |
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ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Представленное учебное пособие предназначено для студентов 1–2 курсов направления 49.03.01 Физическая культура.
Цель пособия – формирование языковой компетенции в профессиональной сфере, развитие навыков устной речи, навыков изучающего чтения в рамках тем, подлежащих освоению в курсе обучения английскому языку студентов указанного направления, расширение словарного запаса по специальности. Исходя из того, что основной целью обучения студентов английскому языку на неязыковом факультете является практическое владение языком в сфере профессиональной деятельности, что предполагает умение получать, перерабатывать и передавать информацию на иностранном языке, структура и содержание учебного пособия представляются оптимальными.
Пособие включает 12 разделов, состоящих из аутентичных текстов на английском языке, посвященных миру спорта, знаменитым спортсменам и спортивным династиям, снабженных разнообразными упражнениями на освоение лексического и грамматического материала, на общее понимание содержания текста и развитие коммуникативных навыков. Материал данного пособия можно использовать как для аудиторной, так и для самостоятельной работы студентов. В конце пособия представлен глоссарий, состоящий из профессионально-ориентированных слов и словосочетаний в необходимом минимуме для студентов 1–2 курсов неязыковых направлений.
Учебное пособие разработано в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего профессионального образования (ФГОС ВПО) по направлению подготовки «Физическая культура».
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UNIT 1
THE IMPORTANCE OF SPORT PRE READING EXERCISES
1. Words to learn . refer – относиться к
involve – включать в себя
compete – соревноваться, состязаться integral – неотъемлемый furthermore – также, к тому же certainly – конечно
tool – инструмент
noteworthy – заслуживающий внимание benefit – выгода
strengthen – усиливать hence – следовательно disease – болезнь
exertion – напряжение, усилие expectancy – продолжительность vessel – сосуд
reduce – уменьшать increase – увеличивать experience – опыт, испытать escalate – обострять capacity – объем appropriate – приемлемый
maintain – сохранять, удержать probably – возможно
obesity – ожирение prevent – предотвращать
conclude – приходить к заключению confidence – уверенность
dedication – верность, ориентированность на patience – терпение
handle – справляться paramount – первостепенный mandatory – обязательный
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2. Match the words with their definitions.
a. importance |
1. a collection or mass, especially of something |
b. remain |
2. to gradually increase in number or amount |
c. heart |
3. the quality of being important |
d. clean |
4. a serious disease that is caused when cells in the |
|
body grow in a way that is uncontrolled and not |
|
normal, killing normal cells and often causing death |
e. measure |
5. free from any dirty marks, pollution, bacteria |
f. amount |
6. to stay in the same place or in the same condition |
g. flexibility |
7. to discover the exact size or amount of something |
h. accumulate |
8. the ability to change or be changed easily accord- |
|
ing to the situation |
i. perform |
9. to do an action or piece of work |
j. cancer |
10. the organ in your chest that sends the blood |
|
around your body |
3. Match the synonyms. |
|
a. activity |
1. extremely good |
b. sphere |
2. grow |
c. character |
3. action |
d. excellent |
4. pleasure |
e. ability |
5. skill |
f. sharpen |
6. field |
g. joy |
7. skinny |
h. at least |
8. at any rate |
i. underweight |
9. improve |
j. development |
10. nature |
READING
1. Read the text.
The importance of sport
First of all, sport refers to an activity involving physical activity and skill. Here, two or more parties compete against each other. Sports are an integral part of human life and there is great importance of sports in all spheres of life. Furthermore, Sports help build the character and personality of a person. It certainly is an excellent tool to keep the body physically fit. Most noteworthy, the benefits of Sports are so many that books can be written. Sports have a massive positive effect on both the mind and body.
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Physical Benefits of Sports
First of all, Sports strengthen the heart. Regular Sports certainly make the heart stronger. Hence, sport is an excellent preventive measure against heart diseases. This certainly increases the life expectancy of individuals. Furthermore, a healthy heart means a healthy blood pressure.
Sports involve physical activity of the body. Due to this physical activity, blood vessels remain clean. Sports reduces the amount of cholesterol and fats in the body. This happens because of the increase of flexibility of the wall of the blood vessels. The flexibility increases due to physical exertion, which is the result of Sports.
Furthermore, the sugar level in blood also gets lower thanks to Sports. The sugar certainly does not accumulate in the blood due to physical activity.
A person experiences a good quality of breathing because of sports. Sports strengthen the lungs of the body. Sports certainly escalate the lung capacity and efficiency of the body. Hence, more oxygen enters the blood which is extremely beneficial. Furthermore, there are fewer chances of developing lung diseases due to Sports.
Appropriate body weight is easy to maintain because of sports. A sports playing person probably does not suffer from obesity or underweight problems. Sports certainly help the body remain fit and slim.
Furthermore, sports also improve the quality of bones. A person who plays sports will have strong bones even in old age. Several scientific research reports that sports prevent many diseases.
For example, many researchers conclude that sports prevent the development of cancer.
Other Benefits of Sports
Sport is certainly an excellent tool to build self-confidence. Playing Sports increases confidence to talk properly. A sport certainly improves the skills of communicating with others. Furthermore, the person experiences confidence in sitting, standing, and walking properly. Hence, sports enrich the social life of an individual.
Sports bring discipline in life. It certainly teaches the values of dedication and patience. Sports also teach people how to handle failure. Furthermore, the importance of following a time schedule is also present in sports.
Above all, sports improve the thinking ability of individuals. Sports certainly sharpen the mind.
Children who play sports probably perform better at exams than those who don’t.
Finally, sports reduces the stress of mind. A sports playing person would certainly experience less depression. Sports ensure the peace of mind
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of those playing it. Most noteworthy, Sports brings happiness and joy in the life of individuals.
A sport is an aspect of human life that is of paramount importance. It certainly increases the quality of human life. Sports must be made mandatory in schools. This is because it is as important as education. Everyone must perform at least one Sport activity on a regular basis.
COMPREHESION EXERCISES
1. Fill in the gaps using the words from the list.
Below, properly, ensure, bones, researchers, communicating, lungs, self-confidence, body, massive, blood, failure, regular, teaches
Sports are an integral part of human life and there is great importance of sports in all spheres of life. Furthermore, Sports help build the character and personality of a person. It certainly is an excellent tool to keep the body physically fit. Sports have a __________positive effect on both the mind and body.
Sports involve physical activity of the __________. Due to this physical activity, __________vessels remain clean. Sports reduces the amount of cholesterol and fats in the body. A person experiences a good quality of
__________breathing because of Sports. Sports strengthen the __________
of the body. Appropriate body weight is easy to maintain because of sports. Sports also improves the quality of __________. A person who plays sports will have strong bones even in old age. Several scientific research reports that Sports prevent many diseases. For example, many __________ conclude that Sports prevent the development of cancer.
Sport is certainly an excellent tool to build __________. Playing Sports increases confidence to talk __________. A sport certainly improves the skills of __________with others. Furthermore, the person experiences confidence in sitting, standing, and walking properly. Sports bring discipline in life. It certainly __________the values of dedication and patience. Sports also teach people how to handle __________. Sports reduces the stress of mind. A Sports playing person would certainly experience less depression. Sports __________the peace of mind of those playing it. Most noteworthy, Sports brings happiness and joy in the life of individuals. Everyone must perform at least one sport activity on a __________basis.
2.Answer the questions.
1.What does sport help to build?
2.What can sport prevent?
3.How does sport reduce the amount of cholesterol?
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4.Where does sugar accumulate in the human body?
5.Who performs better at exams?
6.Why does sport reduce the stress of mind?
7.What does sport teach people?
3.Choose the right answer.
1.Two or more __________ compete against each other.
a)groups
b)parties
c)companies
d)gangs
2.It is an excellent tool to keep the body __________ fit.
a)physically
b)psychologically
c)psychiatry
d)usually
3.A __________ experiences a good quality of breathing.
a)athlete
b)people
c)sportsmen
d)person
4.More oxygen enters the __________ which is extremely beneficial.
a)body
b)blood
c)lungs
d)heart
5.A sports playing person __________ does not suffer from obesity or underweight problems.
a)extremely
b)exactly
c)probably
d)strongly
6.Several scientific research report that sports __________ many diseases.
a)prevent
b)cause
c)stop
d)handle
7.Sport certainly teaches the __________ of dedication and patience.
a)skills
b)abilities
c)values
d)activities
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8.Sports teach people how to handle __________. a) stress
b) joy
c) happiness d) failure
9.A sports playing person experiences __________ depression. a) more
b) less c) much d) many
10.Sports must be made __________ in schools.
a)main
b)major
c)important
d)mandatory
4. Find the English equivalents from the text.
Физическая активность и навык, неотъемлемая часть жизни человека, выработать характер, отличный инструмент, делает сердце сильнее, предварительные меры от сердечных болезней, продолжительность жизни, кровяные сосуды, перенапряжение, уровень сахара, хорошее качество дыхания, увеличить объем легких, продуктивность тела, страдать от ожирения или недостаточного веса, оставаться в хорошей физической форме и стройным, качество костей, научное исследование, выработать уверенность в себе, навыки общения, ценности самоотдачи и терпения, справляться с неудачей, режим, делать ум острым, спокойствие духа, первостепенной важности , по крайней мере, на регулярной основе.
GRAMMAR
1.Use the appropriate form of the verb to be in Present Simple.
1.What ... your name? – My name ... Shirley Frank. 2. What ... your ad-
dress? – My address ... 175 Grand Central Parkway. 3. What ... your phone
number? – My phone number ... 718-1930. 4. Where ... you from? – I ...
from New York. 5. I ... a pupil. 6. My father ... not a teacher, he ... a scien-
tist. 7. ... your aunt a doctor? – Yes, she ... . 8. ... they at home? – No, they ...
not at home, they ... at work. 9. My brother ... a worker. He ... at work. 10. ...
you an engineer? – Yes, I ... .11. ... your sister a typist? - No, she ... not
a typist, she ... a student. 12. ... your brother at school? - Yes, he ... . 13. ...
your sister at school? – No, she ... not at school. 14. My sister ... at home.
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