Английский язык. Учебное пособие-4

( )Nation building is the process of unifying a country and solidifying its identity. A major part of building a nation is creating a sense of nationalism.

( )Too often we have seen examples of intolerance, racism, hatred and violence during sporting events. Sport organizations, managers, players and fans must do all they can to combat these ills and fully harness the positive power of sport.

( )Sports people have always been very successful goodwill ambassadors for any country and have admires across borders.

( )In its contribution towards peace, sport often provides safe environments at the grassroots and community levels, at which participants are brought together in the pursuit of common goals and interests; learn values of respect, tolerance and fair play; and develop social competencies.

( )Despite many challenges, the vast positive power and passion of sport will continue to bring people together, promoting a more inclusive and peaceful world through its universal values and principles.

( )People in a country have to feel that they are all part of the same nation and that they are proud to be part of that nation. Sport is one way to help make people feel this way.

( )The global phenomenon of sport has the power to connect influential networks of diverse partners and stakeholders with a shared commitment to lasting development.

4. Find English equivalents from the text.

Основная часть, чувство гордости, повысить статус страны, создать единство нации, восхищаться и уважать, один из способов помочь, столкнуться со многими трудностями, использовать положительную силу, продолжать бороться с оскорблениями, продвигать введение хорошего управления, сплачивать людей, иметь общее, болеть за свою команду, на национальном уровне, в качестве значимого инструмента, предотвращение конфликта, преступать пределы культуры, на уровне простых людей и общества, ценности уважения, терпимости и честной игры, в этом отношении, посол доброй воли, сила изменить мир, сила вдохновлять, сила сплачивать людей, мало что еще может, расовые преграды.

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GRAMMAR

1. Fill in the sentences with the words from the list in Future.

Simple, study, clean, ride, speak, go, play, call, wear, eat.

1.I __________ English tomorrow.

2.I __________to the city centre tomorrow.

3.We __________badminton in the evening.

4.Nancy __________her room on Sunday.

5.Kate __________ her red dress to the party.

6.I __________you in 15 minutes.

7.He __________a bicycle in the afternoon.

8.For dinner we __________pasta.

9.They __________English during the class.

2.Put the following sentences in affirmative, negative and interrogative forms in Future Simple.

1.I (to do) morning exercises.

2.He (to work) at a factory.

3.She (to sleep) after dinner.

4.We (to work) part-time.

5.They (to drink) tea every day.

6.Mike (to be) a student.

7.Helen (to have) a car.

8.You (to be) a good friend.

9.You (to be) good friends.

10.It (to be) difficult to remember everything.

3. Make up sentences about what your family will do next Sunday.

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UNIT 5

SHOULD VIOLENT SPORT LIKE WRESTLING BE BANNED?

PRE-READING EXERCISES

1. Words to learn.

claim – утверждать, требовать pleasure – удовольствие slave – раб

entertainment – развлечение means – способ, средство various – разные

cruel – злой, жестокий

endanger – подвергать опасности, угрожать calm – спокойный

arrogance – высокомерие, гонор

beef up – качать мускулы, улучшать, совершенствовать picturesque – живописный

boost – стремительный рост, повышать verge – предел

eventually – в итоге

retaliate – отвечать тем же самым, мстить exhaust – истощать

submission – подчинение, повиновение quit – бросить

exceptionally – исключительно

duration – длительность, продолжительность vibe – энергетика, настрой

ebullient – жизнерадостный, полный энтузиазма foul – нарушение правил игры

unfortunate – неудачный

2. Match the words with their definitions.

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READING

1. Read the text.

Should violent sport like wrestling be banned?

History claims that sports and violence have always accompanied each other since long ago.

In ancient days the kings found sadistic pleasure in watching gladiators and slaves kill each other to death. They continued to be the favorite entertainment means for quite a long time in different forms in various countries.

When revolutions began and the cruel rulers were replaced by civilized ones, these extremely violent, life endangering sports were immediately banned until modern sports recognized wrestling and other violent sports in sets of rules and regulations.

Wrestling, boxing, cage fighting continues to be the most debated sports. Wrestlers lose their calm all the time that results in fatal injuries to fellow wrestlers.

Sports like boxing do promote arrogance and superiority complex of people with beefed up body and strength. The picturesque view for the spectator leads them to believe that those who have such supreme strength can

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boost it and hit and win over those who are less powerful than them. The kind of pride and arrogance a wrestler displays after seriously hurting his competitor, while the audience cheers and hoots with excitement is no good teaching for teenagers who are at the verge of picking up brawls.

Many wrestlers and boxers and other sports people in violent games are known to have been injured as badly as to never lead a normal life again. There is no fair play in sports. Aggression and anger takes over when you are hit by someone in front of a large audience and eventually you retaliate in extreme ways. Hitting with chairs and throwing someone off like an object is no entertainment unless you want people to be sadistic.

Boxing and wrestling are cruel sports, even if they are governed by sets of rules and regulations. The fatal of injuries in sports are the contribution of these two sports. It looks cruel and inhuman when two people fight to extreme measures until the other exhausts pins the other down to submission. It is a pain to watch wrestlers getting up to fight even though they are injured and should have quit. The adrenaline rush that violence brings them is a clear example of the cruel nature of these sports.

On the other hand, professional training in boxing can make you exceptionally healthy and fit at body. You burn calories and stay free of diseases that result from being obese and lack of exercise. The physical training includes work outs that keeps you fit for years gifting you with a physical sport to love and look up to along with quick fats burning in very short duration. Muscles are strengthened and you get to have a good cardiovascular health. Good body brings in good energy and vibes in your life outside the arena which is why wrestlers are often known to be ebullient people outside the ring.

Another advantage can be that boxing and all other modern sports take place under a wellcontrolled environment where there are rules to be followed, penalties to be paid when played foul and reputation at stake if you hurt the sentiments of people who support you. Actions have always been taken against those who got involved in foul play or caused serious injury to the competitor.

There are medical facilities present for emergency situations and moreover, trainers and coaches are always present to keep the sport going smooth.

Almost every sport has some amount of health risk. Even the simplest of sports have reports of accidents and injuries that happen. These are accidental and cannot be taken as reasons to ban a sport. You don’t stop walking for the fear of falling down. We don’t stop driving because of the rising cases of road accidents. A sport cannot be banned because of some unfortunate events.

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COMREHENSION EXERCISES

1. Circle the correct word.

History claims that sports and violence/cruelty have always accompanied each other since/for long ago. In ancient days the kings found sadistic pleasure in watching gladiators and slaves kill each other to death. When revolutions began and the cruel rulers were replaced by civilized/violent ones, these extremely violent, life endangering sports were immediately allowed/banned. Sports like boxing do promote arrogance and superiority complex of people with week/beefed up body and strength. The kind of pride and arrogance a wrestler displays after seriously hurting his competitor/fellow, while the audience cheers and hoots with excitement is no good teaching for teenagers who are at the verge of picking up brawls. Aggression and anger takes over/up when you are hit by someone in front of a large audience and immediately/eventually you retaliate in extreme ways. Boxing and wrestling are kind/cruel sports, even if they are governed by sets of rules and regulations. The fatal/serious of injuries in sports are the contribution of these two sports. It looks cruel and inhuman when two people fight to extreme measures until the other exhausts pins the other down to submission.

On the other hand, amateur/professional training in boxing can make you exceptionally healthy/unhealthy and fit at body. You burn calories and stay free of diseases that result from being obese/skinny and lack of exercise. Muscles are weakened/strengthened and you get to have a good cardiovascular health. Another advantage can be that boxing and all other modern sports take place under a well-controlled environment where there are rules to be followed, penalties to be paid when played foul and reputation at stake if you hurt the feelings/sentiments of people who support you. Almost every sport has some amount of health risk. Even the simplest of sports have reports of accidents and injuries that happen. These are accidental and cannot be taken as reasons to ban a sport. You don’t stop walking for the scare/fear of falling down. We don’t stop driving because of the rising cases of road accidents. A sport cannot be banned because of some unfortunate situations/events.

2. Mark the following sentences T (true) or F (false) according to the text.

1.In ancient days the kings found sadistic pleasure in watching gladiators and slaves kill each other to death.

2.Modern sports recognized wrestling and other violent sports in sets of rules and regulations.

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3.Wrestlers never lose their calm all the time that results in fatal injuries to fellow wrestlers.

4.The kind of pride and arrogance a wrestler displays after seriously hurting his competitor is no good teaching for teenagers.

5.There is fair play in sports.

6.Boxing and wrestling are nice sports.

7.It is a pain to watch wrestlers getting up to fight even though they are injured and should have quit.

8.You burn little calories and stay free of diseases that result from being obese and lack of exercise.

9.Good body brings in good energy and vibes in your life.

10.Actions have never been taken against those who got involved in foul play or caused serious injury to the competitor.

3.Answer the questions to the text.

1.What was the favourite entertainment for ancient kings?

2.What sports are considered the most debated?

3.What happens to wrestlers in violent games?

4.How do these violent sports look?

5.How can sports like boxing help?

6.What is the second advantage of violent sport?

4.Find English equivalents from the text.

Всегда шли рядом, с давних пор, садистское удовольствие, убивать друг друга, жестокие правители были заменены цивилизованными, создающий угрозу безопасности жизни, спорный спорт, терять спокойствие, накачанное тело, максимальная сила, не является хороши примером для подростков, на грани устроить скандал, так сильно, что не могли вернутся к нормальной жизни, агрессия и злоба овладевают, управляемые правилами и инструкциями, возьмет верх над другим, выброс адреналина, исключительно здоровый и в хорошей физической форме, не подверженный болезням, проходят в хорошо контролируемой обстановке, против тех кто применил нечестную игру, медицинское оборудование, чрезвычайные ситуации, несчастные случаи и травмы, запретить спорт, из страха упасть, неудачные события.

GRAMMAR

1.Fill in the blanks with the right form of the verb to be.

1.Frank and Martin … watching a TV show now.

2.Kelly … washing her dress in the bathroom.

3.Our teacher … writing something on the blackboard.

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4.It … getting dark.

5.The birds … singing sweetly in the garden.

6.I … preparing for my report at the moment.

7.The children … decorating the hall for the party.

8.The wind … blowing now.

9.People … speaking quietly in the conference-hall.

10.You … waiting for the call.

2.Make sentences using Present Continuous.

1.I/play/tennis/with/my/friend/now.

2.We/walk/on/the/ beach/now.

3.They/have/a/great/time/at/the/camp/at/the/ moment.

4.Angela/paint/a/beautiful/picture/now.

5.Tina/ and/Pam/stay/in/a/five-star/hotel.

6.It/rain/outdoors/at/the/ moment.

7.Bobby/prepare/for/the/test/in/his/room.

8.The/ dog/bark/at/some/strangers.

9.The/water/in/the/kettle/boil.

10.Somebody/knock/at/the/door.

11.The/children/still/sleep.

12.You/watch/the/sunset/now.

13.The/girls/choose/the/ costumes/for/the/party.

14.We/wait/for/the/bus/at/the/ bus-stop.

15.A/little/girl/cry.

3.Make questions and negative sentences.

1.Molly is translating an article.

2.Jack and Sam are gathering pears in the garden.

3.It is getting warm.

4.We are climbing a mountain.

5.You are playing basketball now.

6.The children are washing hands in the bathroom.

7.My grandfather is reading a newspaper now.

8.My family is having supper now.

9.Angela is ironing her dress now.

10.I’m looking for my kitten now.

4. Make sentences as in the example.

Example: Tim isn’t reading now. (to sleep) – Tim isn’t reading now. He is sleeping. Colin and Den are playing now. (to work) – Colin and Den are playing now. They aren’t working.

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1.Pupils aren’t writing a dictation now, (to translate the text) +

2.Margaret is washing the dishes, (to sweep the floor) –

3.The days are getting shorter, (to get longer) –

4.My Granny isn’t reading a magazine, (to watch TV) +

5.My friend and me are sunbathing, (to swim) –

6.The kitten isn’t sleeping, (to play) +

7.Greg and his boss aren’t having lunch, (to read a report) +

8.Cliff and Julia are preparing for the test, (to dance at the disco) –

9.My father isn’t washing his car, (to dig in the garden) +

10.I’m not learning a poem now, (to write an essay) +

UNIT 6

GREATEST RUSIAN ATHLETES

OF ALL TIME PRE-READING EXERCISES

1. Words to learn. track athlete – легкоатлет

hammer throw – метание молота hold – удерживать

weightlifter – тяжелоатлет, штангист crash – авария

pole vaulter – прыгун с шестом current – в настоящее время widely – широко

revelation – открытие, разоблачение thus – таким образом

dash – разрушить retirement – уход на пенсию award – наградить

bearer – держатель, несущий despite – несмотря на

lag – отставание

2. Match the words with their definitions.

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READING

1. Read the text.

Greatest rusian athletes of all time

The following people are considered to be the most legendary Russian Athletes of all time.

1. Yuriy Sedykh (1955–2021)

Yuriy Sedykh is the most famous Russian Athlete. His biography has been translated into 35 different languages on Wikipedia. Yuriy Georgiyevich Sedykh was a track and field athlete who represented the Soviet Union from 1976–1991 in the hammer throw. He was a European, World and Olympic Champion, and holds the world record with a throw of 86.74 m in 1986.

2. Vasily Alekseyev (1942–2011)

Vasily Ivanovich Alekseyev was a Soviet weightlifter. He set 80 worldrecords and 81 Soviet records in weightlifting and won Olympic gold medals at the 1972 and 1976 games.

3. Valeriy Brumel (1942–2003)

Valeriy Nikolayevich Brumel was a Russian high jumper. The 1964 Olympic champion and multiple world record holder, he is regarded as one of the greatest athletes ever to compete in the high jump. His international career was ended by a motorcycle crash in 1965.

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