Читай и обсуждай. Бизнес-курс английского языка. Учебное пособие

Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации

Новосибирский государственный университет экономики и управления «НИНХ»

Е. А. Гордина Л. С. Афанасьева

READ AND DISCUSS

BUSINESS ENGLISH

Учебное пособие

Новосибирск

2016

ББК 81.2 Англ-923

 Г68

Издается в соответствии с планом УМР НГУЭУ

Рецензенты :

Е. П. Кобелева — канд. пед. наук, доцент, и. о. зав. кафедрой «Английский язык» факультет

«Мировая экономика и право» ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный университет путей сообщения» СГУПС; Н. Н. Коваленко — канд. филол. наук, зав. кафедрой иностранных языков Новосибирского государственного университета экономики и управления «НИНХ»

Авторы :

Е. А. Гордина (Units 1–9, Lead-in, Reading 1, Language Focus, Skills Focus,Appendix 1–4), Л. С. Афанасьева (Units 1–9, Reading 2)

Гордина, Е. А.

Г68 Читай и обсуждай. Бизнес-курс английского языка : учеб. пособие / Е. А. Гордина, Л. С. Афанасьева ; Новосиб. гос. ун-т экономики и управления. — Новосибирск :

НГУЭУ, 2016. — 176 с. ISBN 978-5-7014-0742-6

Основная цель пособия — совершенствование навыков устной речи. Пособие предназначено для аудиторных занятий и может быть использовано для самостоятельной работы студентов неязыковых вузов, обучающихся по специальности «Международные отношения», и слушателей президентской программы подготовки управленческих кадров.

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INTRОDUCTION

Who is this book for? Read and Discuss. Business English is a comprehensive upper-intermediate to advanced course for senior students and practicing professionals studying business English. It is designed to develop an understanding of different areas of contemporary business. It also allows students to improve their language skills through variety of relevant and challenging activities.

How is the book organized? The book has 9 units, appendix and answer key and develops reading, speaking and writing skills. Each unit provides two reading parts; lead-in, language focus and skills focus activities.

Lead-insectionencouragesstudentstoreflectontheunittopic.Itinvites students to contribute any personal experience they may already have.

Reading 1 materials are authentic and provide an overview of the subject of the unit. Each Reading 1 section contains reading test and tasks designed to check comprehension.

Language Focus tasks are focused on vocabulary. This section also contains exercises that help students to improve their translation and interpretation skills

Skills Focus section is designed to develop speaking and writing skills. Different tasks enable students to consolidate and apply the knowledge they built up while working through the unit.

Reading 2 materials contain authentic articles designed to encourage students to speak on the disputable issues.

Appendix 1 contains exercises and information used to describe graphs. Graphs help students understand data quickly. They can use them to make a comparison or show a trend.

Appendix2providesphrasesthatcanbeusedduringthesubsequent stages of the Skills Focus.

Appendix 3 is designed for practicing professionals and provides information and tasks on how to create a successful business project.

Appendix 4 will be useful for students who need to write summary of the degree work.

How can students use this book? The book can be used for both self-study and classroom work, one-to-one or in groups. Students should take every opportunity to discuss the issues with their fellow students and teacher.

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ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

Учебноепособиепредназначенодлястудентовтретьегоичетвертого курсов неязыковых вузов направления «Международные отношения» и слушателей президентской программы подготовки управленческих кадров.

Пособие содержит аутентичный текстовый материал, различные виды упражнений, направленные на развитие и совершенствование навыков устной речи и письменной речи. Настоящее издание может быть использовано как для аудиторных занятий, так и для самостоятельной работы.

Учебный материал состоит из девяти разделов (Units), имеющих единую структуру. Задания, представленные в каждом разделе, сгруппированы в определенной последовательности:

Lead-in — задания данного блока не требуют специальных теоретических знаний по определенной тематике. Студенты могут поделиться мнением исходя из собственного опыта и фоновых знаний.

Reading 1 —блоксодержитаутентичныйтекстовыйматериал, который знакомит с темой раздела и может быть использован для развития навыков просмотрового и поискового чтения, которые закрепляются в тестовых заданиях.

LanguageFocus — задания данного блока предназначены для отработкилексическихединицпоопределеннойтематикеипомогаю студентам совершенствовать навыки устного и письменного перевода. Все задания рекомендуется выполнять в письменном виде.

SkillsFocus — целью заданий данного блока является развитие навыков говорения и письменной речи. Блок содержит список тематической лексики — ключевые слова и выражения. Задания, представленные в данном блоке, направлены на закрепление лексического минимума, достаточного для обсуждения тематике соответствующего раздела.

Reading 2 — блок содержит дополнительный аутентичный текстовый материал по соответствующему разделу. В статьях описаны реальные ситуации и примеры из истории бизнеса.

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UNIT 1. COMPANY STRUCTURE

Lead-in

Task 1.Answer the following questions.

1.What is organizational structure?

2.Why should you develop a structure for your organization?

3.When should you develop a structure for your organization?

Task 2. Paraphrase the following statement. Do you agree with it?

Why? Why not?

By structure, we mean the framework around which the group is organized, the underpinnings which keep the coalition functioning. It’s the operating manual that tells members how the organization is put together and how it works.

Reading 1

Task 1. Read the article and choose the best answerforeach of the following statements.

1.Organizational structure identifies

A.jobs and functions

B.system

C.goals

2.Types of organizational structures are each defined

A.to provide a hierarchy

B.to meet the needs of organizations

C.to operate at several locations

3.Job descriptions are developed

A.to reduce recruitment costs

B.to allow for organizational and employee growth

C.not to meet an organization goals

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4.Salary ranges are created

A.to establish the structure

B.to expand the company

C.for each job in the organization

5.When the structure is reorganized for expansion

A.it ensures salaries are distributed

B.it provides the foundation to edit salaries

C.it allows an organization to meet its financial goals

Task 2. Translate the article into Russian.

What Is the Meaning of Organizational Structure?1 by Lucy Friend, Demand Media

Organizational structure is a system used to define a hierarchy within an organization. It identifies each job, its function and where it reports to within the organization. This structure is developed to establish how an organization operates and assists an organization in obtaining its goals to allow for future growth. The structure is illustrated using an organizational chart.

Types. Several types of organizational structures are each defined to meet the needs of organizations that operate differently. Types of organizational structure include divisional, functional, geographical and matrix. A divisional structure is suitable for organizations with distinct business units, while a geographical structure provides a hierarchy for organizations that operate at several locations nationally orinternationally.Afunctionalorganizationalstructureisbasedoneach job’s duties.Amatrix structure, which has two or several supervisors for each job to report to, is the most complicated but may be necessary for large organizations with many locations and functional areas.

Centralization. Although there are many types of organizational structures developed to meet each organization’s needs, all of them provide a hierarchy that reports to a centralized location and group of executives. The highest ranking member of an organizational chart

1 http://smallbusiness.chron.com/meaning-organizational-structure-3803.html

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is one or several top executives referred to as the president, chief executive officer or chief operating officer.

Job Descriptions. When an organizational structure is designed, job descriptions can be developed to not only meet an organizations goals, but allow for organizational and employee growth. Internal equity and employee retention are a key to successful operations. Recruitment is also one of the highest investments for organizations, so ensuring employees have promotional opportunities and job security can assist in reducing recruitment costs.

Salary.Organizationalstructureisalsoafundamentalcoretocreate salarystructures for an organization. Once the structure is established, salary ranges can be created for each job in the organization. In most cases, each job is aligned to a salary grade, and each grade has a specified salary range.This allows an organization to meet its financial goals and ensures salaries are distributed fairly within financial budgets.

Expansion.Ifanorganizationexpands,theorganizationalstructure allows room for growth. This can include adding additional layers of management, new divisions, expanding one or several functional areas or appointing additional top executives. When the structure is reorganized for expansion, it provides the foundation to edit salaries and job descriptions quickly and efficiently with minimal disruption to an organization’s operations.

Task 3. Explain the meaning of the words and phrases in bold.

Task 4.Answer the questions.

1.What is organizational structure?

2.What are the main types of organizational structures?

3. What is the difference between divisional, functional, geographical and matrix structures?

4.What is the aim of job description?

5.Why is salary range created for each job?

6.When does the organizational structure allow room for growth?

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Language Focus

Task 1. Complete the passage using the following words and phrases.

divisions, Board of Directors, departments, single company, vice presidents, combination, multi-service organizations, functional structure, supervisor, geographic areas

Corporate structure1

Astandardcorporatestructureconsistsofvarious1…thatcontribute to the company’s overall mission and goals. Common departments include Marketing, Finance, Accounting, Human Resource, and IT. These five 2… represent the major departments within a publicly traded company, though there are often smaller departments within autonomous firms. There is typically a CEO, and 3… composed of the directors of each department. There are also company presidents, 4…, and CFOs. There is a great diversity in corporate forms as enterprises may range from 5… to multi-corporate conglomerate. The four main corporate structures are Functional, Divisional, Geographic, and the Matrix. Realistically, most corporations tend to have a “hybrid” structure,whichisa6…ofdifferentmodelswithonedominantstrategy.

7…iscommonlyusedinsingle-programorganizations.Itisbasically the standard structure mentioned earlier, which is organized around departments. This structure is most appropriate for small organizations.

Divisional structures are also called product structures because they are based on a certain product or project. This structure is most common in 8… . Normally, it is based on the departments divided in the firm.

Geographic structures are used in multi-site organizations and are frequently used by networks across different 9… .

The Matrix structure is probably the most complicated model of them all because it is organized around multiple dimensions (e.g. geography and product), typically with more than one 10… . This structure is commonly used in very large organizations because a

1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_structure

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