Технический перевод. Учебное пособие

Exercise 1. Make sentences putting the given words into a correct order.

1.the wastewater – released by residences, in a community. – Sewage – and industries – is – businesses

2.a multi-stage process – Sewage treatment – to renovate wastewa-

ter – is

3.are generated – Sludges – the sewage treatment process. – through

4.materials – that can be easily collected – Pre-treatment – from the raw sewage. – removes

5.a bacterial process – occurring – Aerobic digestion – in the presence of oxygen. – is

Exercise 2. Match technical terms to their explanations:

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Exercise 3. Make questions to underlined parts of the sentences below:

1.Sewage is the wastewater released by residences, businesses and industries in a community.

2.Sewage treatment is a multi-stage process to renovate wastewater.

3.Sludges are generated through the sewage treatment process.

4.Pre-treatment removes materials that can be easily collected from the raw sewage.

5.Aerobic digestion is a bacterial process occurring in the presence of

oxygen.

Exercise 4. Edit the machine translation of the text.

Exercise 6. Translate Paragraph (5) into Russian.

Exercise 7. Give a summary of Paragraph (2) in 30 – 40 words.

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U n i t 8

Read the text and choose the best heading.

A.Beet shows promise.

B.Ethanol production.

C.A new small-scale corn-to-ethanol plant.

1. FARGO, N.D. – The use of a specialized sugar beet to produce ethanol could be a breakthrough in weaning the industry off corn. A recent announcement to build a small-scale beets-to-ethanol plant in North Dakota is more than promising. It's intriguing.

"Energy beets" seem to have extraordinary potential as an ethanol crop. The new beet variety is not the typical sugar beet grown in eastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota's Red River Valley for sugar production. Ethanol beets strictly would be grown for energy production.

Beet benefits

2.The agronomy looks good. The beets have been grown in North Dakota State University test plots. The dryland beets seem adaptable, drought resistant and can produce twice as much ethanol per acre as corn. In addition, byproducts can be recycled to provide power for a processing plant, and ash from burned waste can be used as fertilizer.

3.Financial analysis of ethanol beet production suggests the new crop could be a lucrative and productive feedstock alternative to corn ethanol. Return per ton also appears to be far better than corn ethanol, according to one study done at NDSU in Fargo.

Another plus: Beet ethanol likely will qualify as an advanced biofuel,

its promoters say, because it can cut baseline carbon emissions by 50 percent. That factor immediately would make the new fuel attractive under EPA standards.

Energy investment

4. Investors are betting a lot on the pilot project in North Dakota. Green Vision Group of Fargo – a partnership of people experienced in agribusiness – is working with an Iowa company to move the project forward. They will ask the North Dakota Legislature for financial help to

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build the pilot plant. The partnership envisions 12 plants across the state, with the potential to produce 240 million gallons of ethanol a year.

5. The idea of moving ethanol away from corn and toward a specialized sugar beet is appealing. The principals in the project appear to have done their homework. This initiative has great potential.

Reference: Agweek, http://www.agweek.com/

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Exercise 1. Make sentences putting the given words into a correct order.

1.is – Cellulosic biomass – as – for – developed – a feedstock – ethanol production.

2.widely – in Brazil – Ethanol fuel – is – and – used – in the United

States.

3.commonly used – Ethanol – most – to power – is – automobiles.

4.cellulosic biomass – is – in biofuel production. – The use of – to produce ethanol – a new trend

5.greenhouse gases – Corn ethanol – reduce – helps – and – a renewable energy source. – is

Exercise 2. Match technical terms to their explanations:

Exercise 3. Make questions to underlined parts of the sentences below:

1.Cellulosic biomass is developed as a feedstock for ethanol production.

2.Ethanol fuel is widely used in Brazil and in the United States.

3.Ethanol is most commonly used to power automobiles.

4.The use of cellulosic biomass to produce ethanol is a new trend in biofuel production.

5.Corn ethanol helps reduce greenhouse gases and is a renewable energy source.

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Exercise 4. Edit the machine translation of the text.

Exercise 6. Translate paragraph (4) into Russian.

Exercise 7. Give a summary of the text in 70 words.

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U n i t 9

Read the text and match the headings to the paragraphs.

A.Who's doing it?

B.What's good about it?

C.Where would it be most useful?

D.What's bad about it?

E.What is it?

F.What's taking so long?

G.How much will it cost?

H.When's it coming?

Corn Ethanol

1.A fuel derived from the sugars in corn and other plants. Pure ethanol is usually blended with gasoline. "E10" – 10 percent ethanol – is common today. E85 – 85 percent ethanol – is the highest practical blend; some as is still required for combustion in most climates.

2.It's renewable, and corn is plentiful in the United States. Burning corn ethanol can cut greenhouse-gas emissions by as much as 20 percent, compared with gasoline. Producing ethanol generates fewer emissions, too.

3.It contains one third less energy than gas, which means mileage is 30 to 40 percent lower. Massive ethanol production could cause a shortage of corn available for food and destroy habitat. It could also increase smog in urban areas.

4.Mild blends are widely available. But E85 – 85 percent ethanol, 15 percent gas – is found only at about 1,500 filling stations in the United

States, mostly in the Midwest. That number will grow, since the 2007 energy law mandates a fourfold increase in ethanol production by 2022.

5.It's often a bit cheaper than gas – but not a bargain, since mileage is lower. At $2.50 per gallon, for instance, it takes about $3.30 worth of E85 to drive the same distance as a gallon of $3 gas. Cars must also be specially outfitted to run on E85.

6.Ethanol has been around for many years but hasn't caught on because the fuel isn't widely available, and for most drivers it's more

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expensive on a per-mile basis. Virtually all cars can run on mild blends like E10, and most automakers build E85-capable cars or plan to.

7.In some farm states, where the corn is grown, there are plenty of ethanol stations. But there are no pipelines from there to major population centers, and the fuel hasn't caught on nationwide because it doesn't really save drivers money.

8.General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler build the most "flex-fuel vehicles," able to run on gas or any ethanol blend up to E85. Converting new cars to FFVs on the assembly line costs less than $100; third-party shops can convert existing cars for $1,500 or less.

Reference: US. Business News http://money.usnews.com/

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Exercise 1. Make sentences putting the given words into a correct order.

1.dangerous – Pure ethanol – is – and – only be used – should – a laboratory setting – in – adequate precautions. – with

2.for – Pipelines – transportation – have been used – of – in Brazil. –

ethanol

3.related to – by pipeline – Main problems – the shipment of ethanol – its high oxygen content – are – and absorption of water.

4.other considerations – Insufficient volumes – are – and costeffectiveness – construction of ethanol pipelines. – limiting

5. in the U.S. – More than – filling stations – two thousand – sell E85.

Exercise 2. Match technical terms to their explanations:

Exercise 3. Make questions to underlined parts of the sentences below:

1.Pure ethanol is dangerous and should only be used in a laboratory setting with adequate precautions.

2.Pipelines have been used for transportation of ethanol in Brazil.

3.Main problems related to the shipment of ethanol by pipeline are its high oxygen content and absorption of water.

4.Insufficient volumes and cost-effectiveness are other considerations limiting construction of ethanol pipelines.

5.More than two thousand filling stations in the U.S. sell E85.

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Exercise 4. Edit the machine translation of the text.

Exercise 5. Complete the translation of the paragraph.

Exercise 6. Translate paragraphs (7) and (8) into Russian.

Exercise 7. Give a summary of the text in 70 words.

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