Иностранный язык. Английский язык. Учебное пособие

III. Match the terms and their definitions.

A)

B)

IV. Fill in the gaps with the words from the previous exercise. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1.When the President receives a bill form _______, he must sign it, and then the bill becomes a law.

2.The English ______ fled from religious intolerance at home and landed at Plymouth, Mass., in 1620.

3.The place was called the District of Columbia in honour of Columbus, ______ of America.

4.The buildings in Washington are not very tall because no building must be taller than _______.

5.The Vice-President of the USA is president of ______.

6.One of the symbols of New York is its ______.

7.The President of the USA is elected every four years and cannot serve more than two ______.

8.The ______ of the West led to many wars with Native Americans, who were driven from their homelands.

9.More than 100 years passed before the first English ______ was established at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.

10.______ groups began to arrive in New York as early as in the 17th century; the number of people in Manhattan passed the 2 million mark by 1910.

V. Choose one topic and prepare a 3 to 5-minute report or presentation.

1.The geographical location, climate and division of the USA.

2.National emblems of the state.

3.The District of Columbia. Washington.

4.The discoverer of America.

5.Russian settlements in the USA.

6.The major cities of the USA.

7.The main tourist attractions.

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8.The institute of presidency – the functions of the US President.

9.A book on American history you have read.

VI. Look at the picture and define the main symbols of the USA.

VII. Make a list of International Organizations located in the USA. Try to find some information about their activities and functions and tell your group-mates about one of them. Support your presentation/report with some visual aids.

VIII. Complete the sentences with the right form of the words in brackets. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1.Wall Street, known the world over as the _______ (symbolize) of the capitalist system, is in fact a fairly narrow thoroughfare, not wider than an alley.

2.New Amsterdam was the name chosen for the _______ (settle) on the island of Manhattan.

3.The growth of New York begins in 1624 with the _______ (arrive) of Dutch families sent by the Dutch West Indian company.

4.It should be noted that San Francisco was the first city in the USA to ban cigarette _______ (smoke) in public places, as well as in private offices.

5.The judicial branch of the _______ (govern) is the system of courts in the United States.

6.The annexation of Texas in 1845, war with Mexico in 1848, and _______ (agree) with Spain and Britain added even more land.

IX. Translate the following sentences into English.

1.Нью-Йорк – своего рода визитная карточка Америки. Небоскребы Манхэттена и установленная при входе в городскую гавань статуя Свободы стали общепризнанными символами США.

2.Крупнейшим американским поселением английских пуритан стал . ПлимутЕго основателями стали так называемые отцы-пилигримы(Pilgrim Fathers) – группа английских пуритан, не желавших мириться с англиканской церковью (Church of England).

3.Когда-то Россия делала попытки освоить так называемую Русскую Америку – Аляску и побережье Тихого океана. Интересно, сколько потомков русских колонистов живут сейчас в США? Как вы думаете, помнят ли они о своем русском происхождении?

4.Бостон – крупный центр американской музыкальной культуры. Здесь находится крупнейшая в США консерватория, а Бостонский симфонических оркестр считается одним из лучших в мире.

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X. Answer the questions and discuss them in groups.

1.Who is the US President?

2.Who can rise to the presidency in the USA?

3.How was Washington, D.C. founded?

4.What is George Washington famous for?

5.What makes Washington the most important city in the USA?

6.Where does each President of the USA live and work?

7.How did New York get its present name?

8.Do you know the names of Englishmen who started the first colonies in America?

9.Have you read books or watched films about the life of Native Americans?

10.What places in the USA would you like to visit and why?

Additional resources

https://statesymbolsusa.org/ https://studfile.net/preview/7167652/page:122/ https://teachershelp.ru/symbols-of-the-usa/ https://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/geography.html

https://www.countryreports.org/country/unitedstatesofamerica/geography.htm https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KC4v9Fz13DQ http://www.rogerdarlington.me.uk/Americanpoliticalsystem.html https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government https://www.touropia.com/best-places-to-visit-in-usa/ https://travel.usnews.com/rankings/best-usa-vacations/ https://quizlet.com/ru/500977653/form-4-unit-america-the-usa-vocabulary-flash-cards/ https://studfile.net/preview/2713920/page:44/

Saint Petersburg

Introduction

I. Read the possible introduction.

St. Petersburg is the second largest city of Russia and one of the world’s major cities. It is a major historical and cultural center and an important port which has played a vital role in Russian history since its foundation in 1703. St. Petersburg was the capital of the Russian Empire for two centuries (1712–1918).

One of characteristic features of the city is its many waterways. The city is located on the delta of the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland and spreads across 42 islands of the delta. The bridges and natural canals of the river have earned St. Petersburg the nickname “Venice of the North.”

II. Suggest sightseeing and travelling around the city options for:

–people who are fond of art

–people who want to see the most significant churches in St. Petersburg

–people who are interested in political and military history

–people who prefer touring the gardens

–people who like design and architecture

–people who want to relax

–people who enjoy fabulous nightlife

(walk, use public transport, a boat trip on the city canals, taxi, transfer to outskirts, rent a car …)

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Private Museum of Contemporary Art

Erarta

III. Split the above-mentioned places of interest into the groups.

-Sights

-Museums

-Tours

-Nature

-Concerts

-Shopping

V. Match the place and its description.

V. In pairs, create a guided-tour project on any topic or places of interest you like.

Example: Cats monuments in St. Petersburg or Carl Bulla's photographic shop.

VI. Read about the CityPass and think what you would add to it.

St. Petersburg CityPass

Valid 48 - 120 hours

– Free entrance to over 28 attractions

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–Hop-on-hop-off bus tour (1-day ticket)

–Cruise along the Neva River

–Walking tour

–The best observation deck of the city

–Discounts on taxis

–Discounts at restaurants and shops

–50-page guidebook

–City map

VII. Look through the following topic sentences. In pairs, brainstorm ideas to be mentioned in paragraphs with such topic sentences. You are more than welcome to search the Internet to find some good examples, impressive statistics and information.

A)St. Petersburg is a city of many water canals. In fact, there are over 800 bridges crossing a total length of 300 kilometers of artificial canals. They served as important transport ways and kept the city built on marshland dry. These days, most traffic is organized along the roads. But as a tourist, you absolutely should go on a canal tour and see St. Petersburg from a different side.

B)Nevsky Prospect is a 4.5-kilometer-long royal avenue at the very heart of St. Petersburg. There is plenty of shopping to do here and you can enjoy yourself strolling past palaces, churches, and luxury hotels situated on both the left and the right side of the street.

C)A bus will take you from the crowded city to the peaceful park, full with architectural creations of the 18th century. Just 20 minutes and you will reach one of the most beautiful suburbs of SaintPetersburg: several big ponds with birds, three hundred year old oaks, small bridges and a gorgeous palace dedicated to Paul the First.

D)Here you can find the temples of 42 confessions including amazing mosque with a porcelain dome, the only bonzery (Buddhist monastery) in Europe and one of the most beautiful chapels of Malthusian Order.

VIII. Read possible endings of the topic. Which would you prefer? Why?

a)St. Petersburg has a true wealth of attractions and experiences to offer travelers, from spectacular Imperial palaces to quirky and absorbing museums, from boat trips along the city's majestic rivers and canals to walks in the footsteps of St. Petersburg's literary and artistic greats. St. Petersburg is indeed a wonderful city that is really worth visiting.

b)There's more than enough to see and do in St. Petersburg to keep visitors entertained for weeks or even months. One of the biggest challenges for independent travelers is to work out what they will actually have time to see, as St. Petersburg is one of Europe's largest cities.

c)The most famous attractions of Saint Petersburg are well known over the world. It can be said that the entire center of St. Petersburg is one large attraction. The historic center of St. Petersburg and monuments located there are included in the UNESCO World Heritage list.

d)Saint Petersburg is one of the world's most beautiful cities. It attracts attention of large number travel enthusiasts and provides countless opportunities to learn about Russian history. St. Petersburg has its own, unique charm. It is a city that certainly should be visited.

IX. Answer the questions and discuss them in groups.

1.What is your favourite place in the city?

2.The year 2003 was the tricentenary of St. Petersburg foundation. What anniversary will be celebrated in 2023?

3.Why do so many tourists visit our city?

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4.What places of interest would you show to a tourist who has come to our city for the first time?

5.Why is St. Petersburg often called the Northern Capital of Russia? Would you like our city to become the capital of the country once again?

6.Do you know any monuments commemorating Russia’s victory in the Patriotic War of 1812?

7.What do you like best in the Hermitage?

8.What other buildings by Rastrelli, Rossi and Montferrand can you name?

9.Who built the Admiralty?

10.What triumphal arches do you know in our city?

Additional resources

https://studfile.net/preview/7287158/page:9/ https://studyinrussia.ru/en/life-in-russia/discover-russia/towns/saint-petersburg/ http://www.saint-petersburg.com/

https://langformula.ru/saint-petersburg/ https://s-english.ru/topics/st-petersburg-and-its-attractions https://english.spbstu.ru/education/students-life/about-st-petersburg/ https://quizlet.com/ru/571751050/starlight-6-saint-petersburg-flash-cards/ https://quizlet.com/23563914/st-petersburg-flash-cards/ https://kupidonia.com/quiz/quiz-on-st-petersburg

Global problems of mankind

Introduction

I. Read the possible introduction.

We face today an unprecedented set of problems relating to our future on this planet. Global problems are understood as the universal problems of the present concerning both the world as a whole, and separate regions and the countries, they affect the whole community and the environment.

So what are these most significant problems of the World? I find it useful to group these very major issues into two broad categories. The first category is connected to the Problems in the Social, Economic and Political Spheres of human activity. The second category relates to the Environmental and Ecological problems of the World.

Main Body

II. Split the words below into four categories in the table.

Air pollution and climate change, raising taxes, racism, unemployment, weakness in the global financial system, drug abuse, species extinction, terrorism, deforestation, reckless banking policy, soil degradation, poverty, massive migration, spread of nuclear and hi-tech weapons, war, diseases, human rights abuses, massive international debt, intolerance, eater scarcity, toxic waste, violence, overpopulation, globalization, global warming, global terrorism, global conspiracy, oil spills, ozone depletion, natural disasters.

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IV. Look at the list of problems. How important is each one for you? Rate each problem from one to three: 1 = very important, 2 = somewhat important, 3 = not important. Decide if each problem can be solved.

-Global warming

-Saving animals

-Water pollution

-Overpopulation

-Child abuse

-Racism

-World hunger

-World terrorism

-Homelessness

-Refugees

-Diseases

World-wide sales of weapons

-Deforestation

-Spread of nuclear and hi-tech weapons

-Spreading ozone holes

-Malnutrition and hunger

-Massive international debt

-Human rights violation

-Resource depletion

V. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box.

civil wars, is concerned to, extinction, limited access, infectious disease, depletion, ozone layer, issues

1.______ of species and habitats has led to the loss of biodiversity.

2.Many refugees have ______ ______ to labor market opportunities, education, and other public goods.

3.Access to safe water and sanitation contributes to improved health and helps prevent the spread of

______ ______.

4.The effects of overpopulation are pretty severe as the demand for the resources increases which eventually leads to the ______ of them.

5.Depletion of the ______ ______ in the atmosphere is attributed to pollution caused by chlorine and bromide.

6.Over the years, different types of wars like ______ ______ have ruined human civilization.

7.The document ______ ______ ______ our company's recycling policy.

8.It's a website devoted to environmental ______.

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V. Match the problems and their definitions.

VI. Read the statements. Agree or disagree giving your reasons. You can start with the phrases form the table:

- According to the author... / As far as I'm concerned...

A)The major factor that has caused our environmental problems is that we have created an ideology that people want a higher material standard of living, which means producing more material goods. So, we need to use more resources to produce more products, resulting in the further depletion of many resources. https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/36032_13.pdf

B)Social problems tend to be complex… They are the natural outcomes of entrenched systems that

achieve a significant improvement in a social problem. … change in social problems must be scaled up if it’s to have a big enough impact. This doesn’t happen automatically. Costas Markides, Professor

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VII. Read two possible endings of the topic. Which would you prefer? Why?

A)Our society, and our world, have largely emphasized short-term gains, especially in a capitalistic economy in which we emphasize profit and keeping costs to a minimum. If we think only in the short term, we are more likely to think of our own interests — our profit, our convenience, and our standard of living. Now more and more people realize that we must consider the long term, what is good for the global community, and what is good for future generations if we want to survive as a species. This will require us to think, plan, sacrifice, and change our ways of living.

B)One step we will need to take is to become more educated about these problems. Probably, we will eventually need to agree on some worldwide goals for the planet. We will probably need to make saving our environment one of the main goals of our world community.

In thinking about what we can do, key factors to keep in mind in all of the social problems that we face is that we will need to plan ahead, consider the consequences, experiment with new social policy, and carry out social policy that is effective.

C)As we create a higher material standard of living, we use up oil, coal, wood, metals, land, and other natural resources. With more people on Earth, and more industrialization to produce more goods to have a higher standard of living, we use more and more natural resources to turn them into the goods we want. One of the problems with this is that we can run out of a number of these resources. One answer to this problem is to recycle the resources we have already used and to use them over and over.

D)In conclusion, I think we should do everything we can to help save human lives in any part of the world. The help we send may save thousands of human lives. I believe that it is a small world. We must help any country even though it is on the other side of the planet.

VIII. Answer the questions and discuss them in groups.

1.Which of the possible threats seems the most dangerous to you? Why?

2.Which threats do you think are worse, natural phenomena or threats created by men? Why?

Additional resources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_global_issues https://1hello.ru/leksika/global-problems-of-mankind.html https://www.sociologygroup.com/10-problems-in-world/ https://www.espressoenglish.net/vocabulary-english-expressions-for-global-problems/ https://www.ieltscareerzone.in/global-issues-vocabulary/ https://trendexmexico.com/novosti-i-obschestvo/79975-klassifikaciya-globalnyh-problem- sovremennoy-civilizacii-i-ih-harakteristika.html

https://geomap.com.ua/en-g11/1371.html https://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=8232 https://quizlet.com/479585266/oge-vocabulary-global-problems-flash-cards/ https://www.yaklass.ru/p/angliyskiy-yazyk/11-klass/vocabulary-12518/nature-environment-and- global-issues-16411 https://pnesterovacom.wordpress.com/2021/06/09/esl-global-problems-video-lessons-interactive/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NBFqWHu9TE

https://www.vocabulary.com/lists/23554 https://en.islcollective.com/english-esl-video-lessons/listening-comprehension/deep-listening-focus- on-meaning/global-problems/372762

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The major and future profession

Introduction

I. Read the possible introduction.

University education is more than the next level in the learning process; it is a critical component of human development worldwide. It provides not only the high-level skills necessary for every labour market but also the training essential for teachers, doctors, engineers, humanists, entrepreneurs, scientists, and a myriad of other personnel.

Your major is your specialized area of study. Beyond general college requirements, you'll also have a group of courses such as Chemistry, Web Design, or Accounting. The major is chosen to prepare you for a specific career path or advanced study.

Main body

II. Read the extracts from students’ works and tell about your major using the phrases in bold.

A)At ISU (Illinois State University) I'm studying actuarial science, a math degree. With the knowledge gained from these courses as well as completed professional exams taken concurrently, I will be on the lookout for a job in an insurance company or a consulting firm as an actuary…

B)My course, in complete form, is Bachelor of Science in Psychology (pre-medicine track). My track means that I take natural science subjects that are required for…

C)The most important task for choosing a major is deciding on your own priorities and goals. It is essential that you are actually interested in what you are studying. … You should also consider what you’re good at when you think about how to choose your major.

D)Think about the skills you will learn in your major, and how much those skills are in demand. For example, as data becomes a super-important part of the economy, skills related to data and data analysis are super-valuable. This includes skills in statistical analysis and database construction and architecture.

III. Group the skills and qualities according to the major. Find the skills necessary for any profession.

Fashion Design, Graphic Design, Technology and Power Engineering, Information Security, Social Work, Advertising and Public Relations, Commerce, Technology of Light Industry Products, Management

-able to meet deadlines

-do practical administrative procedures

-collaborate effectively with clients

-provide cost-effective design solutions

-logo creation

-provide detailed analysis and planning of new engineering facilities

-assist in the styling of garments at photo sessions and shoots

-analyse large amounts of technical data

-have reasonable knowledge of computer systems

-be highly skilled in designing both apparel and textiles

-theoretical concepts and practical application of finance

-possess deep knowledge about developing, installing, testing and maintaining communications systems

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