Гомеостаз и питание. Практические основы. Учебное пособие

ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɯɨɥɟɫɬɟɪɢɧɚ ɬɪɢɝɥɢɰɟɪɢɞɨɜ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɵ ɢ ɬ ɞ ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɹɦɚɹ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɟɞɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɫɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɪɚɧɧɢɯ ɚɬɟɪɨɫɤɥɟɪɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɪɜɧɨ-ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɝɢɩɟɪɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɢ ɡɚɩɨɪɨɜ ɝɟɦɨɪɪɨɹ ɢ ɞɪ

Ʉ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɦ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɥɢɰ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬ

–ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɥɨɪɢɣɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɩɢɳɢ ɞɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ

–ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɨɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɟɟ ɢɧɨ ɝɞɚ ɩɨɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ

–ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ

ɜɦɚɤɪɨ- ɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɧɭɬɪɢɟɧɬɚɯ

–ɚɧɬɢɫɤɥɟɪɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ

–ɚɧɬɢɫɬɪɟɫɫɨɜɭɸ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ

–ɥɢɩɨɬɪɨɩɧɭɸ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ

–ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɤɢɲɟɱɧɢɤɚ

–ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ

–- ɢ -ɪɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɠɢɥɨɦ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɢ ɫɬɚɪɨɫɬɢ

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɨɦ ɝɟɪɨɧɬɨɥɨ ɝɨɜ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɪɲɟ ɥɟɬ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɪɢ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɥɢɰɚ ɩɨɠɢɥɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ – ɥɟɬ ɫɬɚɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ – ɥɟɬ ɢ ɞɨɥɝɨɠɢɬɟɥɢɫɬɚɪɲɟ ɥɟɬ

Ƚɟɪɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ – ɷɬɨ ɧɚɭɤɚ ɢɡɭɱɚɸɳɚɹ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɱɟɥɨ

ɜɟɤɚ

Ƚɟɪɢɚɬɪɢɹ – ɪɚɡɞɟɥ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɵ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɚ ɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɬɚɪɨɫɬɢ

Ƚɟɪɨɞɢɟɬɟɬɢɤɚ – ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɬɚɪɨɫɬɢ

101

ɋɬɚɪɨɫɬɶ – ɷɬɨ ɧɚɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨ ɪɨɦ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ

Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɬɚɪɟɧɢɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɚɦɨɨɛɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɬɨɩɥɚɡɦɵ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɬɟɪɹɟɬ ɧɭɤɥɟɨɩɪɨɬɟ ɢɞɵ ɧɭɤɥɟɢɧɨɜɵɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɨɛɧɨɜ ɥɹɟɦɨɫɬɶɸ ɉɪɢ ɫɬɚɪɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɞɢɫɫɢɦɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɧɚɞ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ-

ɫɚɦɢ ɚɫɫɢɦɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬ ɫɞɜɢɝɢ ɜ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɢ ɝɨɪɦɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɨɬ ɦɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɝɟɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɠɢɡɧɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɹɞɚ ɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚɪɭɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɢ ɫɬɟɦɚ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɥɨ ɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɞɜɢɝɢ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ ȼɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɫɬɚɪɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɢɬɨɝɟ ɜɟ ɞɟɬ ɤ ɝɢɛɟɥɢ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ

ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬ ɜ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɋ ɜɨɡ ɪɚɫɬɨɦ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɢɨɫɢɧɬɟɡ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɧɢɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɭɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɟɜɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɨɫɥɚɛɟɜɚɟɬ ɦɨ ɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨ-ɤɢɲɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɝɧɢɥɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɦɢɤɪɨɮɥɨɪɵ ɜ ɤɢɲɟɱɧɢɤɟ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɫɬɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɩɪɢɱɢɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚ ɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɨɞɥɟɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɠɢɡɧɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɩɪɢɥɨ-

ɠɟɧɢɹ Ʉ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɠɢɥɵɯ ɢ ɫɬɚɪɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣ ɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɨɛɦɟɧ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚ ɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɢ ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɬɟɦɩ ɢ ɧɚ-

ɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɫɬɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɡɜɨ-

ɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɥɢɬɶ ɠɢɡɧɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɧɚ – %.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɠɢɥɵɯ ɢ ɫɬɚɪɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ

– ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɷɧɟɪɝɨ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɚɦ

102

–ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɡɚɦɟɞɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɚɬɟɪɨɫɤɥɟɪɨɡɚ ɢɲɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɢ ɫɟɪɞɰɚ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶ ɧɨɣ ɝɢɩɟɪɬɟɧɡɢɢ ɫɚɯɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɚɛɟɬɚ ɠɟɥɱɧɨɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɢ ɨɫɬɟɨɩɨɪɨɡɚ ɨɧɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɫɬɚɪɨɫɬɢ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ

–ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɨɛ ɦɟɧɚ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ

–ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɥɟɝɤɨɩɟɪɟɜɚɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

–ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɨɪɧɭɸ ɢ ɞɜɢɝɚ ɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɟɧɢɹ

–ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɢɲɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɢɤɪɨ

ɮɥɨɪɵ

–ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɛɨɪɚ

–- ɢ -ɪɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

–ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɤɨɧ ɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɩɪɢɜɵɱɟɤ ɜ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɢ

ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ

Ȼɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɥɚɤɬɚɰɢɹ – ɷɬɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɣ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɜɵ ɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɪɨɣɤɭ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ

Ɋɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ – ɜɚɠɧɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɫ-

ɯɨɞɚ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɨɞɨɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɥɨɞɚ ɢ ɧɨɜɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɞɥɹ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɢ ɤɨɪɦɹɳɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɟɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟ ɧɢɹ ɧɭɬɪɢɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɨɜ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧ ɧɵɦɢ ɩɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ – ɫ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɧɟɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟ-

ɧɢɹɦɢ ɨɬ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɫɪɨɤɨɜ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ

ɪɨɫɬɚ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɬɟɥɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɩɥɨɞɚ ɩɥɚɰɟɧɬɵ ɢ ɫɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɛ103

ɦɟɧɚ ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɬɟɥɚ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ –

13 ɤɝ ɉɪɢɛɚɜɤɚ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɫɜɵɲɟ – ɤɝ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɳɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɷɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɨɠɢɪɟɧɢɟɦ ɦɚɬɟɪɢ ɢ ɩɥɨɞɚ ɪɟɠɟ – ɫ ɨɬɟɤɚɦɢ ɜ ɨɛɨɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɹ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɬɟɥɚ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɧɟɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɦ ɩɪɢ ɡɧɚɤɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɪɢɛɚɜɤɚ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɬɟɥɚ – ɦɟɧɟɟ – ɤɝ ɭɤɚɡɵ ɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɪɦɹɳɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɟɣ

ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɪɦɹɳɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɟɣ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɥɚɤɬɚ ɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɦɨɥɨɤɚ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ

Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɡɚɬɪɚɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɥɚɤɬɚɰɢɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɷɧɟɪ-

ɝɢɢ ɜ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɦ ɦɨɥɨɤɟ ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨ ɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɋɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɢ ɦɨɥɨɤɚ – ɦɥ ɫɭɬ. ɜ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɦɟɫ Ʌɚɤ-

ɬɚɰɢɢ ɦɥ ɫɭɬ. – ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɦɟɫ ɉɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɦ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɨɜ ȼɈɁ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɷɧɟɪ

ɝɢɢ ɩɪɢ ɥɚɤɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɤɤɚɥ ɫɭɬ Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨ-

ɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɟɥɤɚɯ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɝ ɫɭɬ. – ɜ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ 6 ɦɟɫ ɢ ɝ ɫɭɬ. – ɩɨɫɥɟ ɦɟɫ ɤɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɭɞɶɸ

ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ

1.Ɉɡɧɚɤɨɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɦɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ

2.ɋɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɪ ɉɪɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɝɨ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ

– ɤɚɥɨɪɢɣɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɭ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ

–ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɛɟɥɤɚɯ ɠɢ ɪɚɯ ɢ ɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɚɯ

–ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɣ ɪɚɰɢɨɧ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ-

ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɬɪɟɯɪɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɡɚɜɬɪɚɤ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɨɛɟɞ –

ɢ ɭɠɢɧ ɨɬ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɤɚɥɨɪɢɣɧɨɫɬɢ

–ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɛɨɝɚɬɵɟ ɛɟɥɤɨɦ ɦɹɫɨ ɪɵɛɚ ɹɣɰɚ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɜɬɪɚɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɟɞɚ ɧɚ ɭɠɢɧ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɦɨɥɨɱɧɨ-ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɥɸɞɚ

–ɜ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɦ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɟ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɨɬ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɛɟɥɤɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɥɹɬɶ ɛɟɥɤɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɠɢɪɨɜ – ɠɢɪɵ ɪɚɫɬɢ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ

3.Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ ɫɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɩɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɩɢɳɟɜɵɦ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɦ ɢ ɤɚɥɨɪɢɣɧɨɫɬɢ

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨ

ɫɬɹɦ

Ɉɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ

1.Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɜɧɟɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ 8.2.

2.Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨ ɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɜ ɩɢɳɟɜɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɯ ɜɧɟɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ 8.3.

3.ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ 8. ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 8.

ɋɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɨ ɩɪɨɞɟɥɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɡɚɳɢɬɢɬɶ ɭ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹ

105

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 8.3

ɍɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɜ ɩɢɳɟɜɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɯ

ɫɭɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

ɇɨɪɦɚ ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ Ɂɚɜɬɪɚɤ Ɉɛɟɞ ɍɠɢɧ ȼɫɟɝɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɍɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟ

ɜ ɫɭɬɤɢ

ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ

Ⱥɦɢɧɨɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɝ

ȼɚɥɢɧ

ɂɡɨɥɟɣɰɢɧ

Ʌɟɣɰɢɧ

Ʌɢɡɢɧ

Ɇɟɬɢɨɧɢɧɰɢɫɬɟɢɧ

Ɍɪɟɨɧɢɧ

Ɏɟɧɢɥɚɥɚɧɢɧɬɢɪɨɡɢɧ

Ɍɪɢɩɬɨɮɚɧ

ɋɭɦɦɚ

ɀɢɪɧɵɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɝ

Ɏɨɫɮɨɥɢɩɢɞɵ

ɇɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɟ

Ɇɨɧɨɧɟɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɟ

ɉɇɀɄ

ɉɇɀɄ ɨɦɟɝɚ-3

ɉɇɀɄ ɨɦɟɝɚ-6

ɉɢɳɟɜɵɟ ɜɨɥɨɤɧɚ ɝ

Ɋɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɟ

ɇɟɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɟ

107

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 8.

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɚɛɥɢɰ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɤ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 8.3

ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ

ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɚɊɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɤɪɚɣɧɢɯ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ Ɉɫɨɛɟɧ

ɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɩɨɞɪɨɫɬɤɨɜɎɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɛɢɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɬɭɳɟɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ

108

Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɭ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɩɨɞɪɨɫɬɤɨɜ Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ

ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɬɪɭɞɟɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɬɹɠɟɥɨɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɬɪɭɞɟɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɞɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɥɟɱɟɛɧɨ-ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤ-

ɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟɈɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ

ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɒɤɨɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɦɟɧɸ

ɲɤɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɜɬɪɚɤɨɜ ɢ ɨɛɟɞɨɜɊɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɠɢɥɨɦ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɢ ɫɬɚɪɨɫɬɢ

11. ɉɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜɵɣ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɩɨɞɪɨɫɬɤɨɜ ɢ ɜɢɞɵ ɤɭɥɢɧɚɪɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɇɟɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟ ɧɢɹ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɫɬɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ Ɋɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɩɨɠɢɥɨɝɨ ɢ ɫɬɚɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɵɦ ɩɪɨɞɭɤ ɬɚɦ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦ ɤɭɥɢɧɚɪɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ

ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɠɢɥɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɝɨɠɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɉɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɠɢɥɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ

Ɏɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɦɟɧɸ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɢ ɬɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɬɨɥɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ

Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɯ ɰɟɯɨɜ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɧɸ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɧɨɱɧɵɟ ɫɦɟɧɵ

ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɟɣ

ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ

–ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɹ

–ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɤɪɚɬɧɨɫɬɶ

–ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɢɳɢ

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–ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚ

–ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɢɳɟɜɵɯ ɢɧɝɪɟɞɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɤɚ ɥɨɪɢɣɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɬ ɞ ;

–ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ ɢ ɢɯ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ

ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɨɜ

1.ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɭɞɚ

2.ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ

3.ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ

ɉɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ

5.ɉɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɝɟɪɨɞɢɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ

6.ɉɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɞɢɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ

7.Ⱦɢɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɥɟɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɫɟɪɞɟɱɧɨ-ɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ

8.ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ

9.ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɪɦɹɳɢɯ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ

10.ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ

11.Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɬɹɠɟɥɨɝɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɪɭɞɚ

12.Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɢ ɫɨ-

ɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɧɸ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ

13. Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɦɟɧɸ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɨɛɟɞɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɧɚɫɟ ɥɟɧɢɹ Ɏɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɛɥɸɞ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟ ɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɧɟɞɟɥɶ

Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɧɸ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɜɬɪɚɤɨɜ ɢ ɨɛɟɞɨɜ

15. ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ – ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɜɭɡɨɜ

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